Medical Terminology Lecture Notes PDF

Medical terminology Dr. Amira El-Gazar Assoc. Prof. of Pharmacology and Toxicology Lecture (3) Roots and their pronunciation Root Roots pertaining to physical factors Root Meaning Example Definition aer/o Air, gas aerobe Organism that...

Medical terminology Dr. Amira El-Gazar Assoc. Prof. of Pharmacology and Toxicology Lecture (3) Roots and their pronunciation Root Roots pertaining to physical factors Root Meaning Example Definition aer/o Air, gas aerobe Organism that requires air (oxygen ) to live bar/o Pressure barotrauma Injury (trauma) caused by pressure  Root Meaning Example Definition Chrom/o Color, stain Chromatic Pertaining to color Chromat/o cry/o cold Cryoprobe Instrument used to apply extreme cold to tissues Opposite of Chromatic is Transparent  Root Meaning Example Definition Electr/o Electricity Electroshock Shock produced by electricity Erg/o Work Synergistic Acting together with increased effect Kine movement Kinesis movement Kinesi/o Kinet/o Kinetics Phot/o Light Photosensitive Abnormally sensitive to light  Roots Meaning Example Definition radio Radiation Radioactive Giving off radiation X-ray Son/o sound Sonic Having a frequency within the audibility range of human Pertaining to high Ultrasonic frequency sound Ultrasound waves (beyond human hearing ) Therm/o Heat Hypothermia Low body temperature temperature  Roots pertaining to Time Roots Meaning Example Definition Chron/o Time Synchronous Occurring together Noct/i Night Nocturnal Occurring at night nyct/o Night, Nyctophobia Fear of night darkness or darkness  Roots pertaining to chemistry Root Meaning Example Definition adiposis accumulation of fat in adip/o fat the body amyloid resembling (like) starch amyl/o starch nitrogen azoturia increased nitrogen azot/o compounds in urine Compound 8  Roots pertaining to chemistry Root Meaning Example Definition Ferric (ferric : containing iron in oxidized form ferr/i Iron ferr/o Ferrous (ferrous : containing iron in reduced) sugar glyc/o Hypoglycemia low blood glucose Glucose Roots pertaining to chemistry Root Meaning Example Definition hyperkalemia excess potassium kal/ potassium in the blood lip/o lipid liposuction surgical removal of fat by suction water, dehydrate to loss water hydr/o fluid  Roots pertaining to chemistry Root Meaning Example Definition natr/i sodium decrease of sodium hyponatremia in the blood prote/o protein Dissolving of protein Proteolysis in blood sider/o iron Deficiency of iron in Sideropenia blood Steat/o fatty steatorrhea Fatty diarrhea Easily recognized roots oxy oxygen calci calcium  Roots pertaining to diseases Root Meaning Example Definition Carcin/o Cancer Carcinogen Substance that produces cancer lith Calculus ,stone lithiasis Stone formation Onc/o tumor oncolysis Destruction (lysis) of a tumor Path/o Disease Pathogenic Producing disease  Roots pertaining to diseases Root Meaning Example Definition Py/o Pus Pyorrhea Discharge (rhea) of pus Pyr/o Fever ,fire Pyretic Pertaining to fever Antipyretic Drugs that decrease fever or temp  Root Meaning Example Definition Tox /o Poison, toxin Toxic Poisonous, Toxic/o damaging Scler/o Hard Sclerosis Hardening of tissue Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a condition that can affect the brain and spinal cord, causing a wide range of potential symptoms, including problems with vision, arm or leg movement, sensation or balance. Prefix and their pronunciation Prefix  Prefix pertaining to numbers Prefix Meaning example Defination Prim/i First primigravida Woman pregnant (gravid) for the first time Mon/o One Monoclonal A cell colony (clone) arising from a single cell Uni One Unicellular Organism composed of single cell  Prefix pertaining to numbers Prefix Meaning example Defination Di Two, twice diplegia double Paralysis diplo Double Diplopia Double vision Bi Two, twice Bicuspid Having or ending in two points (cuspus)  Prefix pertaining to numbers Prefix Meaning example Definition Hemi Half, one side Hemi thorax One side of the chest ( thorax) Semi Half, partial Semilunar Resembling a half moon tri Three Triad Group of three  Prefix pertaining to numbers Prefix Meaning example Definition Quadr/i Four Quadrant One fourth of Terta an area Penta Five Pentanoic An acid with 5 carbons Multi Many Multiple Consisting of many parts Poly Many, much Polymorphic Having many shapes (morph/o)  Prefix pertaining to size and comparison Prefix Meaning example Definition Eu True, good, Euthanasia Easy or easy, normal painless death Heter/o Other Heterosexual Pertaining to different the opposite unequal sex Homo Same Homothermic Maintaining homeo unchanging the body temp iso Same ,equal Isograft Graft between two genetically identical individuals  Prefix pertaining to size and comparison Prefix Meaning example Definition Macro Large Macroscopic Visible with the abnormally naked eye large (without a microscope) Mega Large Megabladder Permanent Megalo Abnormally enlargement of large the bladder Micro small Microsurgery Surgery of extremely small structures under the microscope Prefix pertaining to size and comparison Prefix Meaning example Definition Neo New Neonate Newborn infant Infant in the first 28 days after birth normo Normal Normovolemia Normal blood volume ortho Straight Orthosis Appliance/ device ortho used to correct or upright prevent deformities  Prefix pertaining to size and comparison Prefix Meaning example Definition poikilo Varied Poikiloderma Mottled irregular condition of the skin pseudo False Pseudoparalysis False paralysis re Again, back Reflux Backward or return flow Reflux esophagitis  Prefix pertaining to color Prefix Meaning example Definition Cyan/o blue Cyanosis Bluish discoloration of the skin due to lack of oxygen Erythr/o red Erythrocyte Red blood cell Leuk/o White, Leukoplakia White colorless pathches in the mouth Melan/o Black, dark melanin The dark pigment that colors the hair and skin  Prefix pertaining to color Prefix Meani example Definition ng Xanth/o Xanthoma Yellow raised area on the skin yellow Icter/ Icterus index Index denoting blood concentration of bilirubin Polio grey Polioencephalities Inflammation of the Glauc/o gray matter of the brain Verd/o Green Verdoglobin Any of several green compounds derived from hemoglobin or related compounds  Prefix pertaining to direction Prefix Meaning example Definition Ab Away from Abduct To move away from the midline Ad Toward, near Adhesion An attachment of parts Dia Through Dialysis Separation (- lysis) by passage through a memberane  Prefix Meaning example Definition Per Through Percutaneous Through the skin Trans Through Transfusion Introduction of blood or blood components into blood stream  Prefix pertaining to position Prefix Meaning example Definition Dextro Right Dextrocardia ( rare condition) Location of the heart in the right side of the chest Sinistro/o Left Sinistrad Towards the left ecto Out Ectopic Outside the normal outside position (Ectopic pregnancy: out side the uterus) Prefix Meaning example Definition Ex/o Away from Excise To cut out Outside Endo In, within Endoscope Device for viewing the inside of a cavity or organ Quiz [Day + time] 3/11/2024  ‫‪Room‬‬ ‫‪Number‬‬ ‫‪AMIRA123‬‬ ‫رقم الجلوس (‪ 5‬أرقام) واالسم ثالثي (باإلنجليزي)‬ ‫‪EXAMPLE:‬‬ ‫‪20137 Ahmed Ali Hamdy‬‬ ‫أي اسم زيادة ب نقص ‪ 5‬درجات من اعمال السنة‬