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SOIL And Soil Aggregates Prepared by: ENGR. SHARMAINE B. ADVINCULA DPWH-SORSOGON 1ST DEO Slide Title Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit...

SOIL And Soil Aggregates Prepared by: ENGR. SHARMAINE B. ADVINCULA DPWH-SORSOGON 1ST DEO Slide Title Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit 2 Why Soil Testing is important before Construction? Soil testing is primarily done to : 1.) test the bearing capacity. 2.) The chemical and physical composition of the soil is checked during this process. 3.) a key role in determining how soil will behave when placed as the base foundations for roadways. 4.) it ensures to determine the structure stabilization.  Soil Tests 1. Moisture Content Determination 2. Sieve Analysis (Grading Test) 3. Plastic and Liquid Limit Test Soil Classification 4. Soil Classification (AASHTO Soil Classification) 5. Compaction Test (Moisture Density Relation Test) 6. Field Density Test 7. California Bearing Ratio (CBR) Test 8. Abrasion Test  To know the values, Objectiv 1 es importance and significance of soil in the construction materials.. Identify each kind of tests and 2 its significance. To perform actually each test 3 and apparatus use in each test. Interpret test result and 4 requirements.  Sampling and Testing Sampling Sample Testing means procedure or is equally as important means a small part or method to check the as testing in ensuring quantity intended to quality, performance or high-quality, specified show what the whole is reliability of aggregates are being like. A sample is merely construction materials a small fraction of the prior to incorporating used. total material so it's or utilizing in the important that the project. sample is truly representative.  Location of samples Aggregates o Flowing aggregate stream o Conveyor belt o Stockpiles  Soil Sampling (Laboratory Sampling) 2.) By the use of mechanical 1.) By Method of Quartering splitter WHAT IS MATERIALS TESTING ?  is the basic means or a tool by which an engineer or an inspector can be used to determined whether the materials should be allowed to be incorporated or be rejected into the work.  There can be no quality assurance without adequate quality control at the source or manufacturer or at construction, therefore testing is a tool for measuring quality control in project implementation.  MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR SUBMISSION OF SAMPLES MATERIALS MINIMUM TESTING MINIMUM QTY. / VOL. REQUIREMENTS OF MATLS. FOR EACH SAMPLE SUBMITTED Soil Aggregates 1 Sample per 1500 cu. m. a. Classification 20 Kg b. Routinary Tests 50 Kg c. Moisture Density Relation &CBR50 Kg  CLEAREXES Clearing and Grubbing Excavation  CLEAREXES Embankment Subgrade Preparation  Soil Desirable Properties: Stability Incompressibility Permanency of strength Main Road Components  Pavement Composition Consists of different layers Embankment Subgrade Subbase Base Different types of materials are used depending on the layer requirement.  Pavement Composition ITEM 104 - EMBANKMENT in order to distribute the wheel load transmitted to the subgrade. It is commonly used as fill mat roadway construction where it needs to upgrade the existing grade elevation to suit to actual field conditions when required in the plans. ITEM 105 - SUBGRADE PREPARATION This item shall consist of the preparation of the subgrade for the support of overlying structural layers and should extend to full width of the roadway.  Pavement Composition ITEM 200 – AGGREGATE SUBBASE COURSE Subbase materials shall consist of hard, durable particles or fragments of crushed slag, or crushed natural gravel and filler of natural or crushed sand or other finely divided mineral matter shall be free from vegetable matter and lumps or balls of clay. Construction/Quality Control Requirements: Spreading and Compacting - where the required thickness is 150 mm or less, the material may be spread and compacted in one-layer. - where the required thickness is more than 150 mm, the aggregate subbase shall be spread and compacted into two (2) or more layers of approximately equal thickness and the maximum compacted thickness of any one (1) layer shall not exceed 150 mm  Pavement Composition ITEM 201 – AGGREGATE BASE COURSE It receives the loads exerted from the layers above, distributes them and passes them to the next later below sub-base or subgrade. Made of high quality material with a high load bearing capacity and lies close under the surfacing course material. It provides a relatively non- frost material on which to provide support for surface course and sometimes to carry traffic temporarily. THANK YOU! and GOD BLESS!