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**II. Friend or Foe? Integrating AI Chatbots into Educational Practices: Strategies for incorporating AI chat tools into academic curricula and fostering active learning, critical thinking, and problem-solving among students (RTA, Latvia)** Introduction ============ AI chatbots are systems that us...

**II. Friend or Foe? Integrating AI Chatbots into Educational Practices: Strategies for incorporating AI chat tools into academic curricula and fostering active learning, critical thinking, and problem-solving among students (RTA, Latvia)** Introduction ============ AI chatbots are systems that use artificial intelligence technology to talk to users. It can be embedded in platforms, such as learning platforms or mobile applications, where support and feedback is provided immediately. Chatbots can understand natural language, learn from user interactions, and adapt to user needs. Chatbots are designed to mimic human behavior during interactions, understand the user's feedback and generate appropriate responses. Their dynamic nature allows them to produce replies that meet the user\'s expectations. Additionally, they use machine learning algorithms to improve by learning from different requests and interactions. As AI enhances the human element in communication, chatbots are becoming more sophisticated and are increasingly relevant across many aspects of daily life, delivering precise responses after interpreting user queries (Jadhav et al., 2022). The integration of AI chatbots in education is a rapidly evolving field, offering numerous opportunities to enhance learning experiences and streamline educational processes. AI chatbots provide extensive possibilities for supporting educational activities and improving student engagement. They can facilitate access to learning materials, assist in organizing students\' study schedules, and offer personalized learning solutions. Even outside of lecture hours, chatbots can provide ongoing support by answering questions and helping students prepare for exams. For instance, a chatbot implemented at the University of Sydney was used to answer questions about courses and assignments, resulting in significantly higher student engagement and improved academic outcomes. Chatbots can impact student learning or improve services across various areas, providing a strong foundation for research and development in the education sector (Pérez et al., 2020). Chatbots like ChatGPT have the potential to transform conventional teaching and learning processes, benefiting both teachers and students while also promoting responsible and ethical usage (Adiguzel et al., 2023). While ChatGPT offers benefits such as research assistance, automated grading, and enhanced human-computer interaction, it also presents challenges like privacy concerns and biases (Dempere et al., 2023). AI chatbots can also be used for interactive ICT-based learning, making them particularly suitable for teaching foreign languages and cultural content simultaneously (Mageira et al., 2022). Additionally, AI-powered chatbots have the potential to revolutionize education by offering personalized and adaptive learning experiences, assisting educators with lesson planning, and enhancing the accessibility, creation, comprehension, and application of educational content (Bekeš & Galzina, 2023). AI Chatbots into Educational Practices ====================================== This section provides an overview of various AI tools categorized according to their roles in education, from teaching and creative projects to research, assessment, and virtual assistance. The tools featured in each table highlight the growing integration of AI in education, offering educators and students diverse ways to enhance learning, streamline research, and manage academic tasks. The first table focuses on AI applications for teaching and creativity, showcasing tools that support lesson planning, interactive activities, and content generation. Subsequent tables introduce AI solutions for research, assessment, and virtual assistance, emphasizing how AI can optimize processes such as literature reviews, grading, and personalized learning. Collectively, these tools represent the evolving landscape of AI in education, where technology is increasingly leveraged to create more engaging, efficient, and tailored learning experiences. The table 1 highlights several AI tools that are particularly suited for enhancing teaching and creative projects in educational settings. Each tool serves a different purpose, from content creation and curriculum development to interactive presentations and student engagement. These tools offer educators versatile ways to design lessons, organize learning activities, and encourage creative thinking among students. The combination of free and paid options makes these tools accessible for different educational environments, allowing teachers and students alike to benefit from the advantages that AI can bring to both teaching and learning processes. Table 1*.* **AI Tools for Teaching and Creative Projects** (Āboliņa et al., 2024) +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **AI Tool** | **Cost** | **Usage in | | | | Education** | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ | ChatGPT | GPT-3.5 -- Free, | ChatGPT can be used | | | | language translation, | | | | writing code, and | | | | debugging. In | | | | education, teachers | | | | can leverage it to | | | | generate lesson | | | | plans, quizzes, and | | | | educational | | | | resources. For | | | | students, ChatGPT can | | | | provide tutoring, | | | | answer complex | | | | questions, and assist | | | | in essay writing or | | | | project | | | | brainstorming. It can | | | | also help with | | | | improving writing | | | | skills by providing | | | | instant feedback on | | | | grammar and style | | | | (Stephens et al., | | | | 2023). | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Gemini | Free | Gemini is designed | | | | for dialogue and | | | | exploration. In | | | | education, students | | | | can use Gemini for | | | | brainstorming ideas | | | | for projects, | | | | creative writing | | | | tasks, or discussions | | | | about various | | | | subjects. Teachers | | | | could incorporate it | | | | into class | | | | discussions or use it | | | | as a tool to explore | | | | alternative | | | | perspectives on | | | | historical events or | | | | literature (Stephens | | | | et al., 2023). | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Copilot** | Free | Copilot integrates | | | | GPT-4 into Microsoft | | | | like Word, Excel, and | | | | PowerPoint. In | | | | educational settings, | | | | this can be used for | | | | generating reports, | | | | automating data | | | | analysis in Excel, or | | | | even generating | | | | presentation slides. | | | | Copilot's ability to | | | | reference sources is | | | | beneficial for | | | | academic writing and | | | | ensuring the accuracy | | | | of research materials | | | | (Stephens et al., | | | | 2023). | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Curipod | Various plans (Free, | Curipod is designed | | | Plan) | interactive | | | | presentations, | | | | quizzes, and polls | | | | for classrooms. It | | | | helps teachers engage | | | | students through | | | | gamified learning | | | | activities and | | | | provides real-time | | | | feedback during | | | | lessons. | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Gibbly | Various plans (Free, | Gibbly is a tool | | | | and share interactive | | | | learning materials. | | | | It allows educators | | | | to build interactive | | | | content like digital | | | | flashcards and study | | | | guides that are | | | | visually engaging. | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ Next table (table 2) presents a range of AI tools designed to support research and academic tasks. From sourcing credible references and conducting literature reviews to automating citation analysis and formatting research papers, these tools enhance the efficiency and accuracy of academic work. Many of them, such as Consensus and Elicit.org, focus on streamlining research processes, while others like ChatPDF and OpenRead assist in reading and comprehending complex academic materials. Whether for advanced data analysis, academic writing, or simply organizing research projects, these AI tools provide valuable support for both students and researchers. Table 2*.* **AI tools for research and academic tasks** (Āboliņa et al., 2024) +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **AI Tool** | **Cost** | **Usage in | | | | Education** | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ | Consensus | Various plans (Free, | Consensus functions | | | | that provides answers | | | | directly from | | | | academic research | | | | papers. Students and | | | | educators can use it | | | | for sourcing credible | | | | references, | | | | conducting literature | | | | reviews, or gathering | | | | evidence-based | | | | information on | | | | specific topics. It's | | | | especially useful in | | | | higher education and | | | | research-based | | | | courses (Consensus, | | | | 2023). | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Elicit.org | Various plans (Free, | Developed by Ought, | | [https://elicit.org]( | Pay as you go, | Elicit automates | | https://elicit.org/) | Enterprise) | research tasks like | | | | summarizing academic | | | | articles, extracting | | | | relevant data, and | | | | synthesizing | | | | findings. Researchers | | | | and students can use | | | | it to speed up the | | | | process of gathering | | | | background | | | | information, finding | | | | relevant studies, or | | | | even preparing | | | | systematic reviews | | | | (Whitfield & Hofmann, | | | | 2023). | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Scite.ai | Paid | Scite.ai is a | | [https://scite.ai](ht | | citation analysis | | tps://scite.ai/) | | tool that visualizes | | | | how research papers | | | | are cited in other | | | | works, indicating | | | | whether citations | | | | support or contradict | | | | the original | | | | research. Academics, | | | | students, and | | | | researchers can use | | | | this to validate the | | | | credibility of their | | | | sources, identify the | | | | impact of a study, | | | | and avoid citing | | | | papers that are | | | | widely disputed | | | | (Āboliņa et al., | | | | 2024). | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Research Rabbit | Free | Research Rabbit is a | | | | literature mapping | | | | users to discover | | | | related academic | | | | papers based on | | | | citation patterns. | | | | It's particularly | | | | useful for students | | | | and researchers | | | | starting a new | | | | research project or | | | | conducting literature | | | | reviews, as it | | | | quickly surfaces | | | | relevant papers and | | | | identifies research | | | | trends (University at | | | | Buffalo, n.d.). | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | ChatPDF | Various plans (Free, | ChatPDF leverages AI | | | | comprehend, and | | | | analyze PDF documents | | | | more efficiently. | | | | This can be | | | | especially beneficial | | | | for students dealing | | | | with complex academic | | | | papers, textbooks, or | | | | lengthy reports. It | | | | can summarize | | | | sections, answer | | | | questions about the | | | | content, or highlight | | | | key information for | | | | easier study (Zoew, | | | | 2023). | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Typeset | Various plans (Free, | Typeset is a tool | | | Premium, Labs& | designed for academic | | | Universities) | writing and | | | | formatting. It | | | | automates the process | | | | of formatting | | | | research papers, | | | | ensuring compliance | | | | with various citation | | | | styles and journal | | | | requirements. | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Heuristic | Various plans (Free, | Heuristica appears to | | | | research and academic | | | | support. It helps | | | | researchers and | | | | students navigate and | | | | organize complex | | | | academic data and | | | | research projects. | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | OpenRead | Free | OpenRead is an | | | | platform aimed at | | | | helping students and | | | | researchers better | | | | comprehend and | | | | analyze academic | | | | papers. It offers | | | | tools for annotation, | | | | summarization, and | | | | collaboration. | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | PaperBrain | Various plans (Free, | AI-powered academic | | | | that helps students | | | | and researchers find, | | | | analyze, and | | | | summarize academic | | | | papers. It's designed | | | | to streamline the | | | | literature review | | | | process. | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | PowerDrill AI | Various plans (Free, | PowerDrill AI is | | | | analysis tool. It's | | | | used for processing | | | | and analyzing large | | | | datasets, making it | | | | more relevant for | | | | data science and | | | | research. | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | You.com | Various plans (Free, | You.com is an | | | Pro) | AI-powered search | | | | engine that also | | | | offers various AI | | | | tools for content | | | | generation, | | | | summarization, and | | | | Q&A. In education, it | | | | can be used to gather | | | | information, | | | | summarize articles, | | | | or generate ideas for | | | | projects and | | | | assignments. | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ Table 3 highlights a selection of AI tools focused on testing, assessment, and grading in educational environments. These tools assist educators by automating various aspects of assessment, from quiz generation and differentiated instruction to grading and feedback. Tools like Conker AI and Quizgecko simplify the creation of assessments, while platforms such as Gradescope offer advanced features for grading and peer review. Additionally, AI Cheat Check helps detect AI-generated content, ensuring academic integrity. Together, these tools enhance the efficiency of assessment processes while offering personalized and adaptive learning opportunities for students. Table 3*.* **AI Tools for testing and assessment** **AI Tool** **Cost** **Usage in Education** -------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **Conker AI** Various plans (Free, Basic, Pro) Conker AI is a tool for generating quizzes and assessments based on inputted content. It's useful for educators who want to quickly create practice questions for students. Gradescope Paid Gradescope uses AI and machine learning to streamline the grading process. It supports educators by enabling quick grading of assignments and providing consistent feedback. It also allows for peer assessments where students evaluate each other\'s work, making the grading process more interactive and collaborative (McFarland, 2023). AI Cheat Check Free AI Cheat Check is a tool for detecting AI-generated content in student submissions. It helps educators identify instances of academic dishonesty by analyzing whether an essay or assignment has been generated by AI. Quizgecko Various plans (Free, Student, Educator) Quizgecko is an AI tool for generating quizzes based on any input text. It's designed for educators who want to quickly create assessments, study guides, or practice questions from their existing teaching materials. Forms.app Various plans (Free, Basic, Pro, Premium) Forms.app is a versatile online form builder that can be used in educational settings for creating surveys, quizzes, registration forms, and feedback forms. It's suitable for gathering student data or running polls. Table 4 presents AI assistants and virtual helpers that support personalized learning, lesson planning, and language education. Tools like Twee and Fetchy offer features that assist teachers in creating tailored content and managing classroom tasks. Twee focuses on personalized lesson generation, including creating questions from videos and generating written content. Fetchy serves as a comprehensive virtual teaching assistant, handling tasks like scheduling and student progress tracking. Plaito is designed to enhance student learning, with Plaito focusing on personalized study plans. Table 4*.* **AI assistants and virtual helpers in education** +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **AI Tool** | **Cost** | **Usage in | | | | Education** | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ | Twee | Various plans (Free, | Twee is **an | | | Paid) | AI-powered tool | | | | designed to help | | | | English teachers make | | | | personalized lessons | | | | for students**. Its | | | | capabilities include: | | | | Create questions for | | | | any YouTube video in | | | | just a few seconds. | | | | Generate dialogues, | | | | stories, letters, or | | | | articles on any topic | | | | and for any level. | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Diffit | Various plans (Free, | Diffit is an AI tool | | | | differentiated | | | | educational content | | | | at different reading | | | | levels. Teachers can | | | | use it to create | | | | reading materials | | | | tailored to the | | | | diverse needs of | | | | their students. | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Fetchy | Paid | Fetchy serves as an | | | | AI assistant for | | | | with a range of tasks | | | | from classroom | | | | management to | | | | homeschooling. It can | | | | organize schedules, | | | | monitor student | | | | progress, send | | | | reminders, and | | | | provide teaching | | | | resources, allowing | | | | teachers to focus | | | | more on direct | | | | engagement with | | | | students (Fetchy, | | | | 2023). | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Plaito | Various plans (Free, | Plaito is an | | | | designed to help | | | | students learn more | | | | effectively by | | | | personalizing the | | | | learning process. It | | | | can assist in | | | | breaking down complex | | | | concepts, providing | | | | practice exercises, | | | | and tailoring study | | | | plans to individual | | | | learning needs, | | | | making it a valuable | | | | tool for both | | | | students and | | | | educators (Plaito, | | | | 2023). | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ The range of AI tools available for educational purposes is vast and continues to grow at a rapid pace, with new tools being invented every day. Each of the tools has its own diverse characteristics and uses, thus enabling educators and students to improve learning experiences, productivity, and also to support research in an increasingly innovative way. As AI technology progresses, the opportunities that come with its implementation in education are growing, and therefore giving more options to customize learning for different students and to simplify academic work. Strategies for intercorporating AI chat tools into academic curricula ===================================================================== Incorporating AI chatbots and tools into educational methods presents various innovative approaches that can improve both teaching and learning experiences. By utilizing these technologies, educators can offer customized learning experiences, enhance research efforts, foster creative thinking, and actively involve students in interactive activities. From online tutoring and research help to content development and evaluation, AI is transforming the education sector, enhancing its adaptability, accessibility, and efficiency. This section highlights important approaches for integrating AI chatbots and tools in education, emphasizing personalized learning, the enhancement of critical thinking, accessibility, and fostering students\' abilities to use AI ethically. These methods not only enhance academic performance but also equip students to effectively handle the challenges of a technology-driven environment. - Integrating AI chatbots for personalized tutoring AI chatbots can be valuable tools for promoting self-directed learning among students. For example, a chatbot can answer frequently asked questions or offer additional resources to students who wish to explore a topic in more depth. In this way, students can receive the necessary support without direct involvement from the teacher. AI chatbots provide instant assistance, such as helping students understand complex topics or offering supplementary learning materials. For instance, the chatbot Jill Watson, used at the Georgia Institute of Technology, acts as a teaching assistant by responding to student inquiries about the course, thereby reducing the instructor\'s workload and enhancing student satisfaction with the learning process (Online Education Research, 2024). Incorporate AI chatbots like ChatGPT or Gemini as virtual tutors that can provide personalized learning support outside classroom hours. Use ChatGPT to offer instant feedback, explanations, or practice exercises, while Gemini can be used for more creative discussions and idea generation. For example, students can use these tools for tailored assistance in subjects like math, literature, or foreign languages, ensuring personalized learning paths. - Using AI for research and assignment assistance Encourage students to leverage AI tools like Elicit, Consensus, Scite.ai, and PaperBrain for research projects, literature reviews, and citation analysis. Train students on how to use Elicit to automate research tasks like summarizing articles, Consensus to find evidence-based information, Scite.ai for analyzing citations, and PaperBrain for discovering and synthesizing academic papers. These tools can be incorporated into research methodology courses or academic writing workshops. - AI in creative projects and content generation Incorporate tools like Conker AI and Twee for content creation, idea generation, and creative assignments. Assign students projects where they use Conker AI to generate quizzes or educational content, or Twee for brainstorming creative ideas. This approach is particularly effective in courses like digital media, marketing, or creative writing. - Enhancing classroom engagement with interactive AI tools AI chatbots can be directly integrated into the learning process by assisting instructors in creating interactive tasks or ensuring that students understand the topics covered in lectures. Chatbots can also foster student discussions by posing questions or providing summaries of the topics discussed. Additionally, chatbots can answer students\' questions during lectures, offering immediate feedback. Use AI platforms like Curipod, Quizgecko, and Diffit to create interactive quizzes, polls, and activities that enhance student engagement. Integrate these tools into lessons to make learning more interactive. For example, use Curipod to run interactive quizzes during class discussions, Quizgecko to generate questions based on course content, or Diffit to tailor reading materials to different student abilities. - AI-Powered assessment and feedback systems Implement AI tools like Gradescope and AI Cheat Check for grading, feedback, and maintaining academic integrity. Use Gradescope to automate grading and provide consistent feedback on student submissions, while AI Cheat Check can help detect AI-generated content in assignments, ensuring fair academic standards. - Developing critical thinking with AI chatbots In the process of developing critical thinking, the point of the students to be able to formulate arguments as well as ask complex questions is vital. AI chatbots can provide such a platform of discussion by presenting different scenarios and arguments that steer students to weigh in on various viewpoints or perspectives. Through this, problem-solving is bountifully harvested as a skill that can be scaled up, with the assistance of AI chatbots. Chatbots may bring forth various problem scenarios and give suggestions on the solutions propounded, consequently allowing the students to sharpen their problem-solving skills. scenarios and provide feedback on the proposed solutions, helping students to refine their problem-solving skills. Incorporate AI chatbot interactions to promote critical thinking and debate on ethical, social, and technological issues. Create assignments where students debate with ChatGPT or critically analyze chatbot-generated content. This can help them understand the limitations and biases of AI while developing their analytical skills. Heuristica could be used to organize and manage data for such discussions. - **Interactive tasks and simulations** AI chatbots can offer students the opportunity to participate in various simulations that reflect real-life situations. Such tasks allow students to practice their skills in a safe and controlled environment, while also receiving instant feedback from the chatbot on their performance. Use AI tools like PowerDrill AI for language acquisition and cultural education. Integrate these tools into language courses, which offers personalized language practice, or explore cultural content through interactive scenarios. PowerDrill AI can be used to analyze cultural data and learn about traditions in other regions. - **Enhancing accessibility and inclusion** Every student has a unique learning speed and approach. AI chatbots have the ability to customize educational resources according to each student\'s individual requirements, such as providing different learning materials or assignments that align with the student's progress and interests. Such personalized solutions help students achieve better results. Use AI tools to cater to diverse learning needs and enhance educational accessibility. Deploy tools like Diffit to create differentiated learning materials that cater to various reading levels, ensuring content is accessible to all students, including those with learning challenges. Forms.app could be used for gathering accessibility needs from students in a streamlined manner. - **Incorporating AI in project-based and collaborative learning** AI chatbots can help students generate new ideas and approaches by fostering creative thinking and innovation. For example, a chatbot can present students with various challenges or questions that encourage them to think outside the box. Use platforms like Research Rabbit, and Gibbly for collaborative research, project planning, and knowledge mapping. Assign group projects where students use Research Rabbit to discover relevant academic papers, Gibbly to create and share interactive study resources. This approach enhances collaboration and research skills. - **Teaching ethical AI usage and digital literacy** A significant challenge in incorporating AI chatbots into education is ensuring data security and reliability. It is crucial to make certain that chatbots manage student information correctly and refrain from spreading false or misleading details. When utilizing AI chatbots, there is a possibility that students might exploit the technology improperly, like engaging in plagiarism. To avoid this, it is essential to establish clear guidelines and teach students about the responsible use of technology. Develop modules focusing on the ethical implications of AI in education, emphasizing responsible use. Incorporate lessons on AI ethics using tools like Heuristica for managing research data or You.com for sourcing information while discussing the risks and benefits of AI technology. This helps students become more digitally literate and aware of ethical considerations. Conclusion: Are AI chatbots friend or foe? ========================================== There are pros and cons to integrating AI chatbots in the field of education. Correct usage of these resources can be beneficial for enhancing the learning process, but it is essential to recognize and address any potential challenges that may come up. Integrating AI chatbots into the educational system necessitates careful assessment to ensure they enhance and support the teacher\'s role, rather than replacing it. Achieving a harmony between utilizing technology and participating in face-to-face interactions is essential for upholding the high standard of the learning process. As artificial intelligence technologies advance, the educational system needs to adjust to remain aligned with these developments. It is crucial for AI chatbots to be utilized in ways that genuinely aid students and foster their growth, rather than merely simplifying the learning experience. In the future, advancements in AI technology will continue, and the education system will need to evolve to stay aligned with these changes. AI chatbots can greatly improve education when they are utilized carefully and with consideration. It is crucial to implement these technologies in a manner that promotes student development and equips them for future challenges. If we achieve a harmonious balance, artificial intelligence will become our friend! References ========== Āboliņa, A., Mežinska, S., & Ļubkina, V. (2024). THE APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TOOLS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES. *SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. 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Battle of the (Chat)Bots: Comparing Large Language Models to Practice Guidelines for Transfusion-Associated Graft-Versus-Host Disease Prevention. *Transfusion Medicine Reviews*, *37*(3), 150753. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmrv.2023.150753University at Buffalo. (n.d.). *Research guides: Publication research help: Research rabbit & elicit*. Research Rabbit & Elicit - Publication Research Help - Research Guides at University at Buffalo. https://research.lib.buffalo.edu/publication-research-help/researchrabbitWhitfield, S., & Hofmann, M. A. (2023). Elicit: AI literature review research assistant. *Public Services Quarterly*, *19*(3), 201--207. https://doi.org/10.1080/15228959.2023.2224125Zoew, P. (2023). *How to use Chatpdf.com---The Complete Guide*. https://www.pdfgear.com/how-to/how-to-use-chatpdf.htm Additional resources ==================== 1. 2. 3. 4. University of San Diego (2024). **43 Examples of Artificial Intelligence in Education**. 5. Kooli C. (2023). **Chatbots in Education and Research: A Critical Examination of Ethical Implications and Solutions.** *Sustainability*. *15*(7):5614. Assessment (Quiz and practical tasks) =====================================