2.9 Specialized Cells Detective Activity Answers PDF

2.9 -- Specialized Cells -- Cell Detective Activity The cell theory states that every cell comes from a previously existing cell. You started life as a single fertilized egg. A towering maple tree also started as a single cell. The many cells in a complex organism are not all identical, however. *...

2.9 -- Specialized Cells -- Cell Detective Activity The cell theory states that every cell comes from a previously existing cell. You started life as a single fertilized egg. A towering maple tree also started as a single cell. The many cells in a complex organism are not all identical, however. **[Animal Cells]** 1. Read all the clues below carefully. Match the description of each specialized cell with the terms from the word bank. 2. Match the description of each specialized cell with the images on the page. +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **WHITE BLOOD CELL** | **SPERM CELL** | **SKIN CELL** | | | | | | Inside my cells I | I am one of millions | My cells create many | | have many tiny sacs | of tiny cells that | layers and are suited | | that contain toxic | look like a tadpole. | for protecting the | | chemicals. I use | I have a long | body. The deep cell | | these chemicals to | flagellum that whips | layers are round, a | | destroy damaged cells | around and propels me | little square or | | in the body and | forward, and a tiny | elongated. They | | dangerous invaders | head with a nucleus | continuously divide | | that have entered the | inside. My head is | and push new formed | | body. I have many | pointed so I can | cells towards the | | finger-like | penetrate the egg | surface. As cells | | extensions that help | cell. I carry only | move toward the top | | me to move around and | half the DNA of a | surfaces they become | | grab onto to my prey | body cell. | thinner. My cells are | | so that I may engulf | | important for | | and destroy them. | | preventing water loss | | | | and temperature | | | | regulation. | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ | **RED BLOOD CELL** | **FAT CELL** | **NERVE CELL** | | | | | | I contain a protein | My cells protect the | I have a large star | | called hemoglobin | body from cold, | shaped cell body with | | that makes me turn | provide padding from | small finger-like | | red when I absorb | physical injury and | extensions | | oxygen. My cell | store a white oil | (dendrites) that make | | membrane is very | substance which is an | connections and | | flexible and is | important form of | receive input | | concave -- like a | energy storage. I am | messages from | | disc that has been | round and cloudy | surrounding cells and | | pinched in the | looking because of | tissue. I also have a | | middle. This allows | the oily substance I | longer and thicker | | me to fit through | contain inside. My | extension (axon) that | | small spaces. I do | nucleus is pushed to | carries information | | not have a nucleus | the outer edge of the | in the form of | | | cell membrane because | electrical impulses | | | of the large vacuole | to other parts of the | | | I contain. | body or to other | | | | cells of my kind. | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **BONE CELL** | **MUSCLE CELL** | **GOBLET CELL** | | | | | | I grow in | When you look at me | My cells are long and | | multi-layered columns | under a very | tube-like and well | | that look like growth | high-powered | suited for sucking in | | rings in a tree. I | microscope you can | nutrients and | | have a large blood | see contracting | digestive juices. | | vessel in each of my | fibres inside my | Nutrients are | | columns that travels | cells. These fibres | absorbed into | | through a central | look like rows of | columnar cells from | | hollow tube. My tiny | step-ladders. They | the thin membrane | | cells are on the | extend from one end | that faces the inside | | outside of each ring | of my cells to the | of the digestive | | and they have thin | other and they | tube. My nucleus is | | finger-like | contract and relax | elongated and is | | extensions that | with signals from the | found near the bottom | | extend through the | brain. My nucleus is | of the cell at the | | hard layers towards | usually found pushed | opposite end. My | | the central blood | against the edge of | cells can also | | vessel. | the cell membrane. | secrete a lot of | | | | mucus. | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+   **WHITE BLOOD CELL FAT CELL NERVE CELL MUSCLE CELL GOBLET CELL**   **RED BLOOD CELL BONE CELL (columns & extensions) SKIN CELL SPERM CELL**\ **Matching**: Use the word bank to help you complete the table below. +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | Red blood cells | White blood | Skin cells | Muscle cells | | (2X) | cells | | | +=================+=================+=================+=================+ | Sperm cells | Fat cells | Nerve cells | Goblet cells | | | | (2X) | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | Description | Specialized | | | | | Cell | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | 1. Also known | **NERVE CELLS** | | | | as a neuron | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | 2. Located in | **GOBLET | | | | the lining | CELLS** | | | | of the | | | | | respiratory | | | | | tract | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | 3. Disc-shaped | **RED BLOOD | | | | cells | CELLS** | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | 4. Have a | **SPERM** | | | | flagella | | | | | (tail) | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | 5. Most of | **NERVE CELLS** | | | | these are | | | | | made before | | | | | birth and | | | | | are not | | | | | regenerated | | | | | throughout | | | | | your | | | | | lifetime. | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | 6. Lack a | **RED BLOOD | | | | nucleus | CELLS** | | | | after some | | | | | time | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | 7. Found in | **MUSCLE | | | | many parts | CELLS** | | | | of the body | | | | | including | | | | | the heart | | | | | and near | | | | | bone | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | 8. Stack on | **SKIN CELLS** | | | | top of each | | | | | other to | | | | | form a | | | | | protective | | | | | layer | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | 9. Store | **FAT CELLS** | | | | materials | | | | | for | | | | | cushioning | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | 10. Used to | **WHITE BLOOD | | | | fight | CELLS** | | | | infections | | | | | in our | | | | | bodies. | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ **Specialized Cells and Structure**: Based upon your understanding of the function of the specialized cells below, which structures might you find in high abundance in these cells? Briefly explain. +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Specialized Cell | Structure/Organelle | Reasoning | | | in High Abundance | | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ | Fat cell | **VACUOLE** | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Sperm cell | **MITOCHONDRIA** | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | White blood cell | **LYSOSOMES** | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Muscle cell | **MITOCHONDRIA** | | | | | | | | **RIBOSOMES** | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ **[Plant Cells]** 1. Read all the clues below carefully. Match the description of each specialized cell with the terms from the word bank. 2. Match the description of each specialized cell with the images on the page. +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **XYLEM CELL** | **PALISADE MESOPHYLL | **EPIDERMAL CELL** | | | CELL** | | | I am a dead cell that | | I am the outer cells | | is found inside | I am the reason | of the plant, found | | vascular bundles of | plants are green! I | everywhere to provide | | the plant. Combined | have lots and lots of | a barrier to the | | with other dead | chloroplasts, which | outside world. On the | | cells, we create a | contain the pigment | top of leaves, I | | continuous, hollow | chlorophyll to help | create a waxy layer | | tube that can | absorb energy from | to prevent water loss | | transport water and | the sun for | (cuticle), or I can | | dissolved minerals | photosynthesis. I | have tiny protrusions | | from the roots to the | make the majority of | called trichomes to | | stem and leaves. | the sugars that are | protect against | | Water flow is always | used/stored by the | herbivores. In the | | one way: bottom to | plant. I am packed | roots, I have tiny | | top. I also contain a | very tightly in the | hair-like protrusions | | lot of lignin, which | upper layers of the | to help absorb water. | | is a special organic | leaf, to maximize | I can have many | | substance that makes | sunlight exposure and | location-specific | | me strong and rigid. | photosynthesis! | structures which help | | | | the plant carry out | | | | its functions. | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ | **SPONGY MESOPHYLL | **GUARD CELL** | **PHLOEM CELL** | | CELL** | | | | | You can usually find | I am found in the | | I also make plants | me on the underside | vascular bundle and | | green! I am found in | of a leaf, always in | connect to other | | the lower layers of | a pair. When my | cells of my type in a | | the leaf with fewer | partner and I fill | continuous tube with | | chloroplasts than the | our vacuoles with | sieve-like walls | | upper layer, because | water, we become | between us. I am | | I don't get as much | turgid and shaped | supported by | | sun. I am irregularly | like stiff beans. We | companion cells stuck | | shaped and loosely | do this during the | to my sides because I | | packed with my | day, which opens the | don't have a nucleus. | | neighbours which lets | pore between us | I transport dissolved | | air flow in the empty | (called the stoma) | sugars and nutrients | | space between us. | and lets gas exchange | down from the leaves | | This allows an | occur for | during the | | exchange of oxygen | photosynthesis. At | summer/fall for | | and carbon dioxide | night, we remove the | storage and up from | | for photosynthesis, | water from our | the roots during the | | which enter the leaf | vacuoles and become | spring to help | | through the pores on | flaccid, which closes | re-start | | the underside. | the space between us | photosynthesis. I | | | to prevent the escape | carry what you might | | | of water vapour from | call 'sap'. | | | the leaf. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **STORAGE CELL** | | | | | | | | After photosynthesis, | | | | many units of glucose | | | | are often combined | | | | together to make | | | | starch. In this form | | | | it takes less energy | | | | to transport | | | | throughout the plant | | | | and is often sent to | | | | me. I have | | | | specialized | | | | organelles called | | | | amyloplasts that can | | | | hold starch for long | | | | periods of time. I | | | | can often be found in | | | | seeds, fruit and | | | | roots where I will | | | | stockpile starch for | | | | various reasons (i.e. | | | | to help an embryo | | | | grow or to hold over | | | | the winter). | | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+  Photo (a) shows small oval-like stomata scattered on the bumpy surface of a leaf that is magnified 500 times; (b) is a close-up of a stoma showing the thick lip-like guard cells either side of an opening. Photo (a) and (b) are scanning electron micrographs. Photo (c) is a light micrograph of a leaf cross section that shows a large air space underneath two guard cells. The air space is surrounded by large oval and egg-shaped cells.  Figure 3 from Sieve Tube Geometry in Relation to Phloem Flow \| Semantic Scholar **EPIDERMAL CELL GUARD CELLS PALISADE MESOPHYLL CELL PHLOEM CELL**  mesophyll cell - Keyword Search - Science Photo Library  **STORAGE CELL SPONGY MESOPHYLL CELL XYLEM CELL** **Matching**: Use the word bank to help you complete the table below. +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | Epidermal cells | Phloem cells | Storage cells | Xylem cells | | (x2) | | (x2) | (x2) | +=================+=================+=================+=================+ | Guard cells | Palisade | Spongy | | | (x2) | Mesophyll cells | Mesophyll cells | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | Description | Specialized | | | | | Cell | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | 1. Found most | **STORAGE | | | | often in | CELLS** | | | | fruits, | | | | | seeds, | | | | | tubers & | | | | | roots | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | 2. Transport | **PHLOEM | | | | nutrients | CELLS** | | | | up and down | | | | | the plant | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | 3. Control | **GUARD CELLS** | | | | airflow | | | | | into the | | | | | leaf | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | 4. Has space | **SPONGY | | | | between | MESOPHYLL | | | | them to | CELLS** | | | | increase | | | | | airflow in | | | | | the leaf | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | 5. Can form | **EPIDERMAL | | | | trichrome | CELLS** | | | | on | | | | | leaves/stem | | | | | s | | | | | to protect | | | | | against | | | | | herbivores | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | 6. Transport | **XYLEM CELLS** | | | | water & | | | | | minerals | | | | | one-way | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | 7. Has | **STORAGE | | | | amyloplasts | CELLS** | | | | to hold | | | | | starch | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | 8. Can open | **GUARD CELLS** | | | | and close | | | | | stoma (pl. | | | | | stomata) | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | 9. Are dead | **XYLEM CELLS** | | | | and connect | | | | | to form a | | | | | hollow tube | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | 10. Found | **PALISADE | | | | tightly | MESOPHYLL | | | | packed | CELLS** | | | | together | | | | | and | | | | | complete a | | | | | lot of | | | | | photosynthe | | | | | sis | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ **Specialized Cells and Structure**: Based upon your understanding of the function of the specialized cells below, which structures might you find in high abundance in these cells? Briefly explain. Specialized Cell Structure/Organelle in High Abundance Reasoning ------------------------- --------------------------------------- ----------- Palisade Mesophyll cell **CHLOROPLASTS** Guard cell **VACUOLE (LARGE)** Storage cell **AMYLOPLASTS (STORE STARCH)** **[Specialized Cell Matching Activity]** Using the word bank, match the specialized cells with their diagrams. **Word Bank** ----------------------- ------------------------ ------------------- ------------------------- Bone cells Epidermal (plant) cell Fat cell Goblet cell Guard cell Muscle cell Nerve cell Palisade mesophyll cell Phloem cell Red blood cell Skin cells Sperm cell Spongy mesophyll cell Storage (plant) cell White blood cells Xylem cell +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | **PALISADE | **MUSCLE CELL** | **GUARD CELLS** | **SKIN CELLS** | | MESOPHYLL** | | | | | |  | | cell? - | | Illustration - | | | Quora](media/im | | Illustration of | | | age20.png) | | microscopic, | | | | | cuticle: | | | | | 241644654 | | | | +=================+=================+=================+=================+ | **SPONGY | **FAT CELL** | **RED BLOOD | **SPERM CELL** | | MESOPHYLL** | | CELL** | | | |  | | plant leaves | ) | | The diagram | | | | | shows a sperm | | | | | cell. The sperm | | | | | ce](media/image | | | | | 24.jpeg) | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | **NERVE CELL** | **PLANT STORAGE | **GOBLET CELL** | **WHITE BLOOD | | | CELL** | | CELLS** | | Labelled | | What is the | | | Diagram of |  | | | Vector Diagram | | | | | For | | | | | Educational, | | | | | Biological And | | | | | Science Use | | | | | Royalty](media/ | | | | | image26.jpeg) | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | **PHLOEM CELL** | **BONE CELLS** | **EPIDERMAL | **XYLEM CELL** | | | | CELL** | | | Phloem Tissue - | ![Vektorová | | ![https://image | | Key Stage Wiki | grafika „Osteon | Root Hair - | s.squarespace-c | | | or haversian | Definition, | dn.com/content/ | | | system with | Structure, | v1/5c5aed8434c4 | | | compact bone | Function & | e20e953d6011/29 | | | structure | Diagram | 5fface-ff9e-443 | | | outline | | 7-8d9f-1afa37f9 | | | diagram. | | 325e/xylem.jpg] | | | Labeled | | (media/image32. | | | educational | | jpeg) | | | scheme with | | | | | cortical bone | | | | | or organ level | | | | | anatomy vector | | | | | illustration. | | | | | Osteocytes | | | | | location from | | | | | cross section" | | | | | ze služby Stock | | | | | \|](media/image | | | | | 30.jpeg) | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+