Popliteal Fossa Anatomy PDF

Anatomy of LOWER Limb Popliteal Fossa By Dr. Hassan Mohammed Rizk (Ph.D.) Associate Professor of Human Anatomy and Embryology  Three Important Regions in Lower Limb LOWER LIMB Popliteal Fossa By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 5,...

Anatomy of LOWER Limb Popliteal Fossa By Dr. Hassan Mohammed Rizk (Ph.D.) Associate Professor of Human Anatomy and Embryology  Three Important Regions in Lower Limb LOWER LIMB Popliteal Fossa By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 5, 2024 2  Case Study LOWER LIMB Posterior Dislocation of knee joint Popliteal Fossa By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 5, 2024 3  Objectives: by the end of this lecture the student must understand the following knowledge: LOWER LIMB ▪ Identify and demonstrate the Popliteal Fossa regarding: 1) Definition, Site & Shape. 2) Roof. 3) Floor. 4) Four Angles. 5) Four Borders. 6) Contents Popliteal Fossa By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 5, 2024 4  Objective # ( 1 ) Definition of Popliteal Fossa LOWER LIMB Popliteus (Back of knee). Popliteal fossa is an important area of transition between the thigh and the leg. It is located posterior to the knee joint. Diamond depression formed between posterior compartments of thigh & leg muscles. Popliteal Fossa By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 5, 2024 5 LOWER LIMB Objective # ( 2 ) Roof of Popliteal Fossa Deep Fascia ❑ The following structures lie superficial to the popliteal fossa in the (popliteal fascia) following sequence: 1. Skin. 2. Superficial Fascia, which contains: a) Small saphenous vein. Superficial Skin Fascia b) Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh. 3. Deep Fascia (popliteal fascia). Popliteal Fossa By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 5, 2024 6  Objective # ( 3 ) Floor of Popliteal Fossa ① LOWER LIMB ❑ Is formed by the following structures from superior to inferior: 1. Popliteal surface of the femur. 2. Capsule of the knee joint. ② 3. Popliteus muscle with its covering fascia (fascia covering popliteus derive from semimembranosus muscle). ③ Distal end of popliteus is the end of popliteal fossa & beginning of posterior compartment of leg. Distal border of popliteus Popliteal Fossa By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 5, 2024 7 LOWER LIMB Popliteal Fossa By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 5, 2024 8  Objective # ( 4 ) Angles of Popliteal Fossa M L LOWER LIMB ❑ Four angles: 1) Superior angle. 2) Inferior angle. ① 3) Medial angle. ③ ④ ② 4) Lateral angle. Popliteal Fossa By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 5, 2024 9  Objective # ( 5 ) Borders of Popliteal Fossa M L LOWER LIMB ❑ Four Borders: 1) Superio-medial: a) Semitendinosus. b) Semimembranosus. 2) Superio-lateral: Biceps femoris. 3) Inferio-medial: medial head of gastrocnemius 4) Inferio-lateral: a) Plantaris. b) Lateral head of gastrocnemius. Popliteal Fossa By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 5, 2024 10 LOWER LIMB Popliteal Fossa By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 5, 2024 11 LOWER LIMB Objective # ( 6 ) Contents of Popliteal Fossa ❑ Contents are: 1) Popliteal artery. 2) Popliteal vein. 3) Tibial nerve (Tibial part of sciatic nerve). 4) Common peroneal (fibular) nerve (Common peroneal part of sciatic nerve). 5) Popliteal L.N. Popliteal Fossa By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 5, 2024 12  Objective # ( 7 ) Arrangement of the Contents in Popliteal Fossa Content Arrangement ▪ Enters the fossa at its upper medial boundary. Popliteal artery: LOWER LIMB ▪ Descends downwards towards the inferior angle of the fossa. Popliteal vein: ▪ Is superficial to the artery. ▪ It descends in the midline of the popliteal fossa. Tibial nerve: ▪ At the center of the fossa, it crosses superficial to the popliteal vessels. Common peroneal ▪ Passes downwards and laterally along the superio-lateral border of the fossa nerve: from superior to lateral angles. ▪ Situated close to the popliteal vein at the site of entrance of the small Popliteal lymph node: saphenous vein. Popliteal Fossa By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 5, 2024 13 LOWER LIMB M L Popliteal Fossa By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 5, 2024 14 LOWER LIMB Popliteal Fossa By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 5, 2024 15  Posterior Dislocation of Knee Joint Clinical Correlation LOWER LIMB 1. Injury to the artery behind the knee (popliteal artery) in about 20% of cases. 2. Compartment syndrome. 3. Damage to the common peroneal nerve or tibial nerve may also occur. Popliteal Fossa By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 5, 2024 16  Case Scenario (Staff Question) LOWER LIMB The 27-year-old male triathlon competitor complained that he frequently experienced deep pains in one calf that almost caused him to drop out of a regional track- and-fi eld event. Doppler ultrasound studies indicated, and surgical exposure confirmed, the existence of an accessory portion of the medial head of the gastrocnemius that was constricting the popliteal artery. Above the medial head of the gastrocnemius, the superior medial border of the popliteal fossa could be seen. Which of the following structures forms this border? A. Tendon of biceps femoris. B. Tendons of semitendinosus and semimembranosus. C. Tendon of plantaris. D. Tendinous hiatus of adductor magnus. E. Popliteus Popliteal Fossa By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 5, 2024 17 LOWER LIMB Reference ISBN: 978-0-7020-5131-9 ISBN: 978-07817-7525-0 ISBN: 978-1-60913-446-4 Copyright© 2015, 2010, 2005 by Copyright© 2010, by Lippincott Copyright© 2012, by Lippincott Churchill Livingstone, an imprint of Williams & Wilkins, a Wolters Williams & Wilkins, a Wolters Elsevier Inc. Kluwer business. Kluwer business. Chapter 6. Chapter 5. Chapter 10. Popliteal Fossa By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 5, 2024 18 LOWER LIMB Popliteal Fossa By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 5, 2024 19