Quantum Numbers and Orbitals Lecture Notes PDF

Quantum Numbers and Orbitals CHEM 1251 September 10, 2024 Chapter 3 Warm Up 1. The Bohr model deals with systems that contain exactly how many electrons? ___ 2. The change from n = 4 to n = 6 involves ____ energy, and a photon of ____ wavelength than the change from n = 4 to...

Quantum Numbers and Orbitals CHEM 1251 September 10, 2024 Chapter 3 Warm Up 1. The Bohr model deals with systems that contain exactly how many electrons? ___ 2. The change from n = 4 to n = 6 involves ____ energy, and a photon of ____ wavelength than the change from n = 4 to n = 2. (A) Greater, longer (B) Greater, shorter (C) Less, shorter (D) Less, longer (E) The same, the same 2 Electrons in atoms other than H Schrodinger Equation We use 4 quantum numbers to describe electrons in other atoms. 3 Principal Quantum Number Symbol: Determines the ________ of the orbital. Allowed values: Referred to as: As 𝑛𝑛 increases, distance from the nucleus increases and energy levels get larger. 4 Which has more energy, an electron in n=5 or an electron in n=2? Which is farther from the nucleus, an electron in n=3 or an electron in n=7? 5 Angular Momentum Quantum Number Symbol: Determines the ________ of the orbital. Allowed values: Referred to as: Each subshell has a specific shape and letter designation. ℓ value 0 1 2 3 4 5 Letter designation Shape 6 𝑠𝑠 subshell 7 𝑝𝑝 subshell 8 𝑑𝑑 subshell 9 What are the 𝑛𝑛 and ℓ values for a 4𝑝𝑝 subshell? 10 Magnetic Quantum Number Symbol: Determines the _____________ of the orbital. Allowed values: Referred to as: Each orbital in a certain subshell has a different value of 𝑚𝑚ℓ and a different location around the nucleus. 11 How many orbitals are in a 𝑔𝑔 subshell? (A) 4 (B) 5 (C) 8 (D) 9 (E) 11 (F) 18 12 Summary of allowed values for quantum numbers 𝑛𝑛, ℓ, and 𝑚𝑚ℓ. 13 (a) What is the maximum number of subshells that can be contained in the fourth energy level? (b) What is the maximum number of orbitals that can be contained in the fourth energy level? 14 Spin Quantum Number Symbol: Allowed values: Referred to as: Each spin refers to a different direction of rotation inside the orbital. Because there are two possible spins per orbital, how many electrons can fit in one orbital? _____ 15 Circle the subshells that CANNOT exist. 2𝑠𝑠 1𝑝𝑝 2𝑑𝑑 3𝑝𝑝 4𝑓𝑓 5𝑠𝑠 6𝑔𝑔 4𝑑𝑑 7𝑝𝑝 10ℎ 16