Family, Kinship, and Marriage as Social Institutions PDF

FAMILY KINSHIP MARRIAGE as SOCIAL INSTITUTION  Refers to a group of people occupying a common dwelling. Family Roommate Share all Do not share economic economic resources and resources or have have expectations...

FAMILY KINSHIP MARRIAGE as SOCIAL INSTITUTION  Refers to a group of people occupying a common dwelling. Family Roommate Share all Do not share economic economic resources and resources or have have expectations expectations of of mutual obligations or an obligations or an enduring enduring relationship. relationship.  Considered as vital social institution Foundation of the nation (E.O No. 209 The family FAMILY Code of the Philippines) Basic unit of society A group of people who are related by birth, marriage, adoption, and shared residence.  Family of Orientation - family that one is born into and grows up with, usually as a child of two parents. FAMILY Family of Procreation - creates through marriage, adoption, and other legal processes. NUCLEAR FAMILY Composed of parents and children Matrifocal a mother and her children Patrifocal a father and her children Conjugal a husband, his wife, and their children Extended Family Parents and children co- reside with other members of one parent’s family It also called avuncular Reconstituted or Blended Family Composed of the spouses and their children from a previous marriages. Conditionally Separated Family Is a type of family where a member is separated from the rest of the family due to employment, military service, sickness etc.. Transnational Family is a type of family where one or more of its members live in different nations. This social phenomenon is prevalent in Philippine society due to overseas employment. Cohabitation Family Living in together with children without marriage.  KINSHIP refers to human relations based on Affinal Kinship biological descent, Bond of marriage marriage, and refers to the type of adoption. relations develop when marriage occurs. Adoption Consanguineous Kinship actual blood relationship  Kinship according to range Primary Kinship Secondary Kinship includes husband, wife, Includes those kin that parents and children are related to primary kin of an individual DESCENT refers to the origin or background of a person in terms of family or nationality. It is a biological relationship.  Male Descent Bond (from parents to children) Female Marriage Bond Codescent Bond (from sibling to siblings or to cousins)  Kinship Ties Based on Descent Patrilineal Descent lineage which is traced through males Matrilineal Descent lineage which is traced through females Bilineal or Bilateral Descent method of tracing the lineage of children equally through ancestors of both mother and father  Relationship According to Authority Patriarchal one in which the authority is vested in the oldest male in the family Matriarchal one in which the authority is vested in the mother. Equalitarian equal sharing of practical responsibilities and decision making by men and women Matricentric one in which the authority is vested in the mother due to prolonged absence of the father Relationship According to Place of Residence Patrilocal married couple required to live with the family or near the residence of the parents of the groom Matrilocal married couple required to live with the family or near the residence of the parents of the bride Bilocal newlywed has the freedom to select where to live (either with or near the parents of the groom and bride) Neolocal newlywed can decide independently where to live STOPLIGHT What is Marriage? Socially recognized, stable, and enduring union between two An institution conferred by society adults that publicly acknowledge is backed by legal, economic, and their rights and obligations and social forces. form a new alliance between kin groups. A union that allows for the right to expect sexual relationship access. MARRIAGE A special contract of permanent union between a man and a woman entered into in accordance with the law for the establishment of conjugal and family life. A union between man and a woman An important social institution, wherein a man and a woman enter into family life. (E.O. 209 Family Code of the Philippines) Defining marriage is not always Universally valid Examples: Plural marriages Long term common law marriages Legal same sex marriages Legal same sex marriage - Sudan if a father has only daughters he can request one daughter to stand in as a son and marry another female with children in order to give her father heirs to continue his partrilineage. The female husband is socially recognized and the union is a social and symbolic relationship not a sexual one.  MONOGAMY Refers to the marriage of a man to a woman. Taking of a single spouse legally viewed and recognized form of marriage in many cultures. POLYGAMY the taking of more than one spouses. TYPES OF POLYGAMY Polyandry Polygyny refers to the marriage of one refers to the marriage of one male to female to two or more males. two or more females. Adoptive Marriage if the family does not have a son to preserve their surname, the prospective son-in-law adopts the family’s name of the bride’s parents before marriage; in doing so, the bride’s family name is not changed. Sororate Marriage A man marries his deceased wife’s sister Sometimes called sister in law marriage. Levirate Marriage A woman marries her deceased husband’s brother Sometimes called brother in law marriage. Arranged Marriage Refers to marriages that are arranged by the parents or other relatives of the bride and groom.  Ghost Marriage In some African societies with partilineal descent, marriages can be contracted in ways that emphasize importance of descent and continuity of partilineal kin groups. In Sudan, unmarried women are labelled as bad for society (Singh, 2010) In China, “marrying a tablet” to maintain economic independence (Andresen, 2020). Cultural Reference Rule of Marriage ENDOGAMY Marriage within a particular group or category of individuals. Cultural Reference Rule of Marriage EXOGAMY Marriage outside of the family group in order to extend kinship to other groups Cultural Reference Rule of Marriage HYPERGAMY MARRIAGE The practice of a woman marrying into a man of a social or cultural group that is equal to or higher than the caste that one was born into  Cultural Reference Rule of Marriage HYPOGAMY MARRIAGE The practice of man marrying a woman of a higher class or higher social status than himself. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/30/world/asia/japan-princess- mako-wedding.html STOPLIGHT  Page 15 THANK YOU 20 22