CNA Chapter 5 Exam

**CNA CHAPTER 5 EXAM** Which of the following should a nursing assistant do if a resident is confused? B. Stay calm and provide a quiet environment. Confusion may be caused by D. Urinary tract infection. The ability to think logically and clearly is called A. Cognition Which of the following...

**CNA CHAPTER 5 EXAM** Which of the following should a nursing assistant do if a resident is confused? B. Stay calm and provide a quiet environment. Confusion may be caused by D. Urinary tract infection. The ability to think logically and clearly is called A. Cognition Which of the following statements is true of Alzheimer\'s disease (AD)? A. Skills a person has used over a lifetime are usually kept longer. When a resident with AD is frightened, the NA should B. Check her body language to make sure she is not tense or hurried. When a resident with AD shows memory loss, the NA should A. Repeat herself using the same words. If a resident with AD has lost most of his verbal skills, the NA should B. Use touch, smiles, and laughter If a resident with AD is incontinent, the nursing assistant should C. Mark the bathroom with a sign or picture. If a resident with AD has problems with bathing, the nursing assistant should A. schedule bathing when the resident is least agitated. One way for a nursing assistant to help a resident with AD with eating is to B. Use dishes without a pattern and a simple place setting. If a resident with AD has problems with dressing, the nursing assistant should A. Lay out clothes in the order they should be put on. A helpful way for a nursing assistant to respond to hallucinations is to C. Reassure a resident who is upset and worried. A nursing assistant can respond to sun-downing by B. Setting a bedtime routine and keeping it. When a resident with AD perseverates, the nursing assistant should A. Answer questions each time they are asked. If a resident with AD shows violent behavior, the nursing assistant should D. Remove triggers. When a resident with AD cannot understand basic instructions, it is a good idea to use D. Short words, pictures, and gestures Which of the following would be the best way for an NA to respond to inappropriate sexual behavior? B. Take the resident to a private area. When a resident with AD pillages and hoards, the nursing assistant should D. Provide a rummage drawer. When is using reality orientation a good idea for residents with AD? B. Early stages of AD Which of the following statements is true of using validation therapy? A. An NA makes no attempt to reorient the resident to actual circumstances. Which of the following is a type of therapy that involves having residents with Alzheimer\'s disease remember and talk about the past? C. Reminiscence therapy. clean in healthcare objects that have not been contaminated with pathogens dirty in healthcare objects that have been contaminated with pathogens healthcare associated infection infections that patients acquire within healthcare settings that result from treatment for other conditions infection occurs when pathogens invade the body and multiply infection control measures practiced in healthcare facilities to prevent and control the spread of disease localized infection an infection that is confined to a specific location in the body medical asepsis the process of removing pathogens, or the state of being free of pathogens microorganisms or microbes tiny living thing that cannot be seen without a microscope pathogen a harmful microorganism surgical asepsis the state of being free from all microorganisms not just pathogens systemic infection an infection that is in the bloodstream and is spread throughout the body a \_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_ is a pathogen or microorganism that causes disease causative agent a \_\_\_\_\_\_ is a place where a pathogen lives and grows reservoir an opening on an infected person that lets pathogens leave is a \_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_ portal of exit pathogens travel from one person to another through a mode of \_\_\_\_\_\_ transportation the \_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_ is an opening on an infected person that lets the pathogens enter portal of entry a \_\_\_\_\_\_ host is an uninfected person who could get sick susceptible \[T or F\] the elderly have a higher risk for infection than younger people true \[T or F\] it is normal for a persons immune system to grow weaker as he or she ages true \[T or F\] blood circulation is increased as a person ages false \[T or F\] limited mobility increases the risk of pressure sores among the elderly true \[T or F\] nutrition and fluid intake play no part in helping prevent infection false \[T or F\] the elderly are less likely than younger people to have healthcare associated infections false \[T or F\] infections are less dangerous in the elderly than in younger people false \[T or F\] NAs play an important role in protecting elderly residents from infection true \[T or F\] redness and swelling are common symptoms of a systemic infection false \[T or F\] fever, chills, and mental confusion are symptoms of systemic infection true \[T or F\] standard precautions mean treating all blood, body fluids, non intact skin, and mucous membranes as if they were infected with an infectious disease true \[T or F\] standard precautions relate to all body fluids except saliva false \[T or F\] you can usually tell if someone is infectious by looking at him false \[T or F\] the center for disease control and prevention is a government agency that issues information to protect the health of individuals and communities true \[T or F\] you should wash your hands before putting on gloves true \[T or F\] syringes should be recapped after use false \[T or F\] giving mouth care will require you to wear gloves true \[T or F\] it is a good idea to wear a mask and protective goggles if you are emptying a bedpan true \[T or F\] when cleaning a urinal you do not need to wear gloves false standard precautions should be practiced on every single person in your care standard precautions include what measures wearing gloves if there is a possibility you will come into contact with blood, body fluids, mucous membranes, or broken skin what is true of transmission based or isolation precautions? they are practiced in addition to standard precautions you will come in contact with microorganisms every time you touch something the CDC defines hand hygiene as hand washing with soap and water and using alcohol based hand rubs alcohol based hand rubs are used in addition to washing with soap and water why is it a bad idea to wear artificial nails to work? they harbor bacteria and increase risk of contamination how long should you use friction when lathering and washing your hands? 20 seconds a \_\_\_\_\_\_ should be worn when caring for residents with respiratory illnesses mask \_\_\_\_\_\_ provide protection for your eyes goggles if there is a chance you could come into contact with \_\_\_\_\_\_ membranes or open wounds you should wear \_\_\_\_\_\_ mucous\ gloves a mask, gloves, goggles, and \_\_\_\_\_\_ are all examples of PPE gowns disinfection a process that kills pathogens, but not all microorganisms disposable only to be used once and then discarded sterilization a measure that destroys all microorganisms, including pathogens handle equipment to avoid skin or \_\_\_\_\_\_ membrane contact mucous avoid \_\_\_\_\_\_ of your clothing and hold linen and clothing \_\_\_\_\_\_ from your uniform contamination\ away prevent transfer of disease to other residents and areas by not \_\_\_\_\_\_ linen or clothes; fold or roll linen so that the dirtiest area is \_\_\_\_\_\_ shaking\ inside \_\_\_\_\_\_ and reprocess reusable equipment properly before using again and \_\_\_\_\_\_ of single use or disposable equipment properly clean\ dispose bag soiled linen at the point of \_\_\_\_\_\_ origin clean and disinfect all frequently touched \_\_\_\_\_\_ such as call lights surfaces place \_\_\_\_\_\_ linen in leak proof bags wet \[T or F\] you do not need to wear gloves to clean up a small spill false \[T or F\] place a disinfectant directly on the spilled fluid before absorbing and removing the fluid false \[T or F\] it is ok to use your hands to pick up large pieces of broken glass and use a broom and dustpan for smaller pieces false \[T or F\] waste containing blood or body fluids should be disposed of in the trash can in the cafeteria false \[T or F\] an absorbing powder may be used to absorb the spill before removing it true transmission based precautions are used in addition to standard precautions dedicated equipment refers to equipment that is only used by one resident which of the following is true of wearing PPE while caring for residents in isolation? NAs should remove PPE before exiting a residents room when a resident is in isolation he or she has the same basic human needs blood borne diseases can be transmitted by infected blood entering your bloodstream in health care the most common way to get a blood borne disease is by contact with infected blood or certain body fluids how does the human immunodeficiency virus affect the body? it weakens the immune system so that the body cannot fight infection what is true of hepatitis b? HBV can be transmitted through blood or needles that are contaminated with the virus your employer must offer a free vaccine to protect you from hepatitis B the occupational safety and health administration is a federal government agency that protects workers from hazards on the job the blood borne pathogens standard is a law that requires that healthcare employers must have a written exposure control plan designed to eliminate or reduce employee exposure to infectious material what does OSHA consider significant exposures? needle sticks according to OSHA employers must give all employees, residents, and visitors \_\_\_\_\_\_ to use when needed PPE why is it important for employees to report any potential exposures immediately? to protect the employees health and the health of others tuberculosis may be transmitted by coughing tuberculosis is an airborne disease someone with latent TB cannot infect others a person with active TB can infect others TB disease is more likely to develop in people whose immune systems are weakened one major factor in the spread of TB is failure to take all the medication prescribed \[T or F\] MRS is almost always spread by direct physical contact true \[T or F\] once VRE is established it is relatively easy to get rid of it false \[T or F\] MRSA can be spread through indirect contact by touching contaminated objects true \[T or F\] hand washing will not help control the spread of MRSA false \[T or F\] VRE causes life threatening infections in people with compromised immune systems true \[T or F\] you can help prevent the spread of VRE by washing your hands often true \[T or F\] proper hand washing and handling of contaminated wastes can help prevent clostridium difficile true \[T or F\] increasing the use of antibiotics helps lower the risk of developing C. difficile diarrhea false Infection prevention is a set of methods used to prevent the spread of disease The following are necessary links in the chain of infection when an NA wears gloves which link is broken thus preventing the spread of disease mode of transmission a way for the disease to spread the following are necessary links in the chain of infection when an NA gets a vaccination shot for hepatitis B which link will be affected and thus prevent hepatitis B infection susceptible host person who is likely to get the disease a nursing assistant will come into contact with microorganisms every time the NA touches something the single most important thing the NA can do to prevent the spread of disease is to wash her hands the elderly are at a higher risk of infection because they may have limited mobility with whom should an NA use standard precautions with every resident in his care under standard precautions the term body fluids includes urine hand hygiene is washing hands with either plain or antiseptic soap and water or using alcohol based hand rubs when washing hands an NA should use friction for at least 30 seconds which of the following is true of wearing gloves gloves should be changed before contact with mucous membranes which of the following is the proper order to don PPE put on gown mask and goggles and gloves which of the following statements is true of disinfection disinfection kills some pathogens but not all of them if an NA needs to clean up a spill what is the first step that she should take put on gloves which of the following is true of transmission based precautions they are practiced in addition to standard precautions what is one way that bloodborne pathogens can be transmitted by contact with blood or body fluids which of the following statements is true of hepatitis b the vaccine for HBV helps prevent the disease the bloodborne pathogen standard requires that employers have an exposure control plan tuberculosis may be transmitted by coughing tuberculosis is an airborne disease a person with tb disease can spread it to others how is MRSA most often spread by direct physical contact what is the best way to control the spread of MRSA through proper handwashing what is the best way to control the spread of c difficile through proper handwashing and handling of contaminated wastes which of the following is an NA responsibility related to infection prevention following standard precautions in caring for all residents infection prevention the set of methods practiced in healthcare facilities to prevent and control the spread of disease microorganism a living thing or organism that is so small that it can be seen only under a microscope; also called microbe microbe a living thing or organism that is so small that it can be seen only under a microscope; also called microorganism infection the state resulting from pathogens invading the body and multiplying pathogens microorganisms that are capable of causing infection and disease local infection an infection that is limited to a specific location in the body and has local symptoms systemic infection an infection that travels through the bloodstream and is spread throughout the body, causing general symptoms healthcare-associated infection (HAI) an infection acquired within a healthcare setting during the delivery of medical care chain of infection a way of describing how disease is transmitted from one being to another causative agent a pathogenic microorganism that causes disease reservoir a place where a pathogen lives and multiplies portal of exit any body opening on an infected person that allows pathogens to leave mode of transmission the method of describing how a pathogen travels direct contact a way of transmitting pathogens through touching the infected person or his or her secretions indirect contact a way of transmitting pathogens from touching an object contaminated by an infected person portal of entry any body opening on an uninfected person that allows pathogens to enter mucous membranes the membranes that line body cavities that open to the outside of the body, such as the linings of the mouth, nose, eyes, rectum, or genitals susceptible host an uninfected person who could become sick transmission passage or transfer infectious contagious medical asepsis measures used to reduce and prevent the spread of pathogens Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) a federal government agency that makes rules to protect workers from hazards on the job Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) a federal government agency that issues guidelines to protect and improve the health of individuals and communities Standard Precautions a method of infection prevention in which all blood, body fluids, non-intact skin, and mucous membranes are treated as if they were infected with an infectious disease sharps Needles or other sharp objects. personal protective equipment (PPE) equipment that helps protect employees from serious workplace injuries or illnesses resulting from contact with workplace hazards don to put on doff to remove perineal care care of the genitals and anal area disinfection a process that destroys most, but not all, pathogens; it reduces the pathogen count to a level that is considered not infectious sterilization cleaning measure that destroys all microorganisms, including pathogens disposable to be used only once and then discarded Transmission-Based Precautious a method of infection prevention used when caring for person who are infected or may be infected with certain infectious diseases multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) microorganisms, mostly bacteria, that are resistant to one or more antimicrobial agents that are commonly used for treatment isolate to keep something separate, or by itself HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) the virus that attacks the body\'s immune system and gradually disables it; eventually can cause AIDS. hepatitis inflammation of the liver caused by certain viruses and other factors, such as alcohol abuse, some medications, and trauma jaundice a condition in which the skin, whites of the eyes, and mucous membranes appear yellow Bloodborne Pathogens Standard federal law that requires that healthcare facilities protect employees from bloodborne health hazards. exposure control plan plan designed to eliminate or reduce employee exposure to infectious material tuberculosis (TB) a highly contagious lung disease that causes fatigue, loss of appetite, slight fever, prolonged coughing, and shortness of breath resistant a state in which drugs no longer work to kill specific bacteria phlegm thick mucus from the respiratory passage MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) an infection that is resistant to the antibiotic methicillin VRE (vancomycin-resistant enterococcus) bacteria that have developed resistance to the antibiotic vancomycin Clostridium difficile (C. diff, C. difficile) a bacterium that is spread by spores in the feces that are difficult to kill; it causes symptoms such as diarrhea and nausea and can lead to serious inflammation of the colon (colitis) antibacterial destroys bacteria or suppresses the growth of bacteria