2014-2017 Integrated Science Past Questions & Answers (PDF)

Welcome! Please scroll down to read introductory information  WordPub BECE Integrated Science Past Questions & Answers 2014 - 2017 Junior High School Years 1, 2 & 3 Compiled by: © 2017 Word Publishers. All rights reserved Unauthorized distribution and/or repr...

Welcome! Please scroll down to read introductory information  WordPub BECE Integrated Science Past Questions & Answers 2014 - 2017 Junior High School Years 1, 2 & 3 Compiled by: © 2017 Word Publishers. All rights reserved Unauthorized distribution and/or reproduction of this document prohibited. Contact: Word Publishers P.O. Box NT 583, Newtown – Accra. Ghana (+233) 027 4762199, (+233) 024 3244226, (+233) 050 2858791, (+233) 056 1666769. [email protected] [email protected] ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS  The West African Examination Council - for the BECE Integrated Science past questions used in this document.  Ernest Ato Bentil and Francisco Ameyedowo – for your invaluable contribution to this work.  Ruth, Baaba and Fiifi Arthur – for your relentless support  Teachers, parents and educational institutions – for your continuous patronage and tireless efforts at ensuring quality education for the 21st century child  Junior High School students – you are the ultimate reason for this work. DEDICATION To the Lord Jesus Christ, our Saviour and soon-coming King LIST OF PAPERS INT. SCIENCE 2017 Objectives INT. SCIENCE 2017 Objectives Answers INT. SCIENCE 2017 Written INT. SCIENCE 2017 Written Answers INT. SCIENCE 2016 Objectives INT. SCIENCE 2016 Objectives Answers INT. SCIENCE 2016 Written INT. SCIENCE 2016 Written Answers INT. SCIENCE 2015 Objectives INT. SCIENCE 2015 Objectives Answers INT. SCIENCE 2015 Written (1st Sitting) INT. SCIENCE 2015 Written (1st Sitting) Answers INT. SCIENCE 2015 Written (2nd Sitting) INT. SCIENCE 2015 Written (2nd Sitting) Answers INT. SCIENCE 2014 Objectives INT. SCIENCE 2014 Objectives Answers INT. SCIENCE 2014 Written INT. SCIENCE 2014 Written Answers JUNE 2017 INTEGRATED SCIENCE 1 OBJECTIVE TEST 45 minutes Answer all the questions Do all rough work on this question paper 1. The instrument used to measure relative humidity is the A. hydrometer. B. hygrometer. C. rain gauge. D. wind vane. 2. The S.I. unit for density is A. ms –1 B. ms –2 C. kg m –3 D. m3 kg –1 3. When light travels from glass to air, its speed is A. increased. B. reduced. C. halved. D. unchanged. 4. When a piece of iron rod is brought near a permanent magnet for a while it becomes magnetised by A. stroking method. B. electrical method. C. friction. D. induction. 5. A rheostat is used in an electric circuit in order to A. increase electric current only. B. decrease electric current only. C. keep electric current constant D. increase and decrease electric current. 6. Which of the following statements about an opaque object is correct? An opaque object A. allows light to pass through it partially. B. allows light to pass through if fully. C. forms a shadow. D. does not form a shadow 7. One of the characteristics of a solid is that A. its particles are tightly packed. B. it assumes the shape of the container it occupies. C. it has no fixed volume. D. its particle can easily be separated. 8. The instrument used to measure current in an electrical circuit is the A. ammeter. B. photometer. C. thermometer. D. voltmeter. 9. The bottom of a pool of water appears closer to the surface than it is. Which of the following properties accounts for this observation? A. Reflection B. Transparency of water C. Refraction D. Rectilinear propagation 10. An example of a source of energy which is non-renewable is A. petroleum. B. solar. C. tide. D. wind. 11. Which of the following apparatus is not required in the process of distillation in the laboratory? A. Condenser B. Evaporating dish C. Bunsen burner D. Round bottom flask 12. The number of oxygen atoms present in three molecules of carbon dioxide is A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6. 13. The chemical formula Cl2 represents two A. atoms of chlorine. B. neutrons of chlorine. C. ions of chlorine. D. molecules of chlorine. 14. Which of the following substances can rust? A. Aluminium B. Bauxite  C. Copper D. Steel 15. Energy stored in food is referred to as A. chemical energy. B. heat energy. C. solar energy. D. kinetic energy. 16. Which of the following substances is a mixture? A. Water B. Sodium chloride C. Sodium chloride solution D. Iron filing 17. The mole is the S.I. unit of A. amount of substance. B. luminous intensity. C. temperature. D. mass of substance. 18. An atom has a proton number of 17 and neutron number 18. Determine the number of electrons in the third shell of the atom. A. 1 B. 3 C. 5 D. 7 19. An example of mixtures that can be separated by the method of filtration is A. sugar in water. B. sand in water. C. oil in water. D. ink in water. 20. Which of the following liquids would turn blue litmus paper red? A. Vinegar B. Water C. Ammonia solution D. Bicarbonate solution 21. Which of the following particles constitute matter? I. Atoms II. Molecules III. Ions A. I only B. II only  C. II and III only D. I, II and III 22. An example of inheritable characteristics in humans is A. shape of nose. B. knowledge. C. ability to speak different languages. D. handwriting. 23. Which of the following statements about aerobic respiration is correct? A. The by-products are carbon dioxide and water. B. Little amount of energy is produced. C. Oxygen is not required. D. The by-products are alcohol and carbon dioxide. 24. Sperms produced by the testes in humans are temporarily stored in the A. epididymis. B. prostate gland. C. seminal vesicle. D. sperm duct. 25. Which of the following changes normally occur during old age in humans? A. Grey hair starts appearing B. Mental alertness increases C. Broadening of the chest D. Attraction to the opposite sex 26. One of the characteristics of wind pollinated flowers is that they A. are large and conspicuous. B. are usually scented. C. have nectar. D. have feathery stigma. 27. The testes is normally located outside the body of the male because A. the temperature of the body is too high for effective sperm production. B. it cannot increase in size when it is in the body. C. it can absorb moisture from the atmosphere. D. it occupies too much space. 28. The organelle which occupies the largest portion of a plant cell is the A. chloroplast. B. mitochondrion. C. nucleus. D. vacuole. 29. Movement of the ribs is brought about by the A. pleural cavity.  B. intercostal muscle. C. larynx. D. trachea. 30. Fertilisation in humans usually occurs in the A. ovary. B. uterus. C. vagina. D. fallopian tube. 31. Which of the following processes is an example of osmosis? A. Spreading of perfume in a room B. Absorption of food nutrients into the small intestines C. Spreading of potassium permanganate in water D. Absorption of water into the root hairs 32. The part of a living cell which is semi-permeable is A. cytoplasm. B. nucleus. C. protoplasm. D. cell membrane. 33. Which of the following statements about soil profile is/are correct? It helps the farmer to determine I. soil fertility. II. water-holding capacity of the soil. III. depth of the soil. A. I only B. I and II only C. II and III only D. I, II and III 34. Which of the following practices is not a principle of crop rotation? A. Legumes should be added to the rotation programme. B. Deep rooted crops should be followed by shallow rooted crops. C. Crops that are closely related should follow each other. D. Fallow periods should be allowed during the time of rotation. 35. The relative proportion of sand, silt and clay in a given sample of soil is soil A. profile. B. porosity. C. structure. D. texture. 36. The first factor to be considered when deciding to cultivate a particular vegetable is A. cultural practices. B. selection of land.  C. harvesting. D. method of propagation. 37. Which of the following factors should be considered when selecting a site for vegetable crop production? I. Nearness to the market. II. Topography of the land. III. Nearness to the sea A. I and II only B. I and III only C. II and III only D. I, II and III 38. Which of the following activities are cultural practices in the cultivation of cabbage? I. Pruning II. Weeding III. Watering A. I and II only B. I and III only C. II and III only D. I, II and III 39. An example of a vegetable crop is A. cocoa. B. cotton. C. potato. D. tomato. 40. The majority charge carriers in a p-type semi-conductor are A. electrons. B. holes. C. neutrons. D. protons. END OF PAPER JUNE 2017 INTEGRATED SCIENCE 1 OBJECTIVE TEST SOLUTIONS 1. B. hygrometer. 2. C. kg m –3 3. A. increased 4. D. induction 5. D. increase and decrease electric current 6. C. forms a shadow 7. A. its particles are tightly packed 8. A. ammeter 9. C. Refraction 10. A. petroleum 11. B. Evaporating dish 12. D. 6 13. A. atoms of chlorine 14. D. Steel 15. A. chemical energy 16. C. Sodium chloride solution 17. A. amount of substance 18. D. 7 19. B. sand in water 20. A. Vinegar 21. D. I, II and III 22. A. shape of nose 23. A. The by-products are carbon dioxide and water 24. A. epididymis 25. A. Grey hair starts appearing 26. D. have feathery stigma 27. A. the temperature of the body is too high for effective sperm production 28. D. vacuole 29. B. intercostal muscle 30. D. fallopian tube 31. D. Absorption of water into the root hairs 32. D. cell membrane 33. D. I, II and III 34. C. Crops that are closely related should follow each other 35. D. texture 36. B. selection of land 37. A. I and II only 38. D. I, II and III 39. C. potato 40. B. holes JUNE 2017 INTEGRATED SCIENCE 2 ESSAY [100 marks] 1 ¼ hours This paper is in two sections: A and B. Answer Question 1 in section A and any other four questions in section B Credit will be given for clarity of expression and orderly presentation of material. SECTION A [40 marks] Answer all of Question 1 1. (a) The diagram below is an illustration of a longitudinal section of a canine tooth in humans. Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow. (i) Name each of the parts labelled I, II, III, IV and V. [5 marks] (ii) What is the function of each of the parts labelled I and III? [2 marks] (iii) Which of the labelled parts could be affected by tooth decay? [1 mark] (iv) State three ways by which tooth decay may be prevented. [3 marks] (b) The diagram below is an illustration of a scientific phenomenon which occurs in nature. Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow.  (i) What phenomenon does the diagram illustrate? [1 mark] (ii) Identify each of the parts labelled I, II, III, IV and V. [5 marks] (iii) Explain why an object at the bottom of a pond appears closer to the surface than it actually is. [3 marks] (c) The diagram below is an illustration of an experiment performed to separate the components of muddy water. Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow. (i) Name each of the parts labelled I, II and III. [3 marks] (ii) State the function of the part labelled II. [1 mark] (iii) Name the substance obtained as the filtrate. [1 mark] (iv) State three physical properties of the filtrate. [3 marks] (v) Name two other materials that could be used in place of the part labelled II. [2 marks] (d) The diagram below illustrates a farmland on a slopy area. Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow. (i) What process is likely to occur on the farmland when it rains heavily? [1 mark] (ii) State two farming practices that can also lead to the process mentioned in (i). [2 marks] (iii) List four farming practices that could be used to control the process mentioned in (i). [4 marks] (iv) Mention three soil resources that would be depleted from the farmland when it rains heavily. [3 marks]  SECTION B [60 marks] Answer four questions only from this section 2. (a) An atom Y has atomic number 12. It loses two electrons in order to be stable. (i) State the proton number of the atom before it loses electrons. [1 mark] (ii) State the electron number of the atom: (α) before it loses electrons. (β) after losing electrons. [2 marks] (iii) Name the type of ion formed by the atom when it loses two electrons. [1 mark] (b) Name four farming systems used in crop production. [4 marks] (c) (i) What is dispersal of seeds? [2 marks] (ii) State two characteristics of seeds dispersed by wind. [2 marks] (d) Explain the term forward bias of a p-n junction diode. [3 marks] 3. (a) (i) What is an acid? [2 marks] (ii) Give two differences between an acid and a base, in terms of taste and feel. [2 marks] (b) (i) Define pressure. (ii) A force of 200 N is exerted on an area of 50 m2. Calculate the pressure exerted by the force. [3 marks] (c) Explain the following terms as associated with living organisms: (i) unicellular; (ii) multicellular. [4 marks] (d) Give two reasons why soil air is important. [2 marks] 4. (a) (i) Explain the following terms as applied to machines: (α) work input; (β) work output. [4 marks] (ii) State one factor that limits work output for a given work input in a simple machine. [1 marks]  (b) (i) What is chloroplast? [2 marks] (ii) Differentiate between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration. [2 marks] (c) (i) State the colour change that would occur when blue litmus paper is dipped into a solution of: (α) vinegar; (β) wood ash. [2 marks] (ii) Name the products formed when hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide. [2 marks] (d) List two benefits of vegetables to humans. [2 marks] 5. (a) (i) Differentiate between egestion and digestion in nutrition. [2 marks] (ii) What is the end-product of digestion? [2 marks] (b) Give one example of a chemical compound used in: (i) medicine; (ii) agriculture; (iii) industry. [3 marks] (c) (i) Define the term soil profile. [2 marks] (ii) State two ways in which soil profile is important in crop production. [2 marks] (d) (i) State two steps used by scientists in doing their work. [2 marks] (ii) Give two subjects that may be considered as applied sciences. [2 marks] 6. (a) (i) What is an alloy? [2 marks] (ii) State two causes of corrosion of metals. [2 marks] (b) (i) What is a planet? [2 marks] (ii) Name two planets between the Sun and the Earth. [2 marks] (c) State four functions of the circulatory system in humans. [4 marks] (d) (i) Define the term crop rotation. [2 marks] (ii) Give one example of a chemical method of controlling pests on crop farms. [ marks] END OF ESSAY TEST JUNE 2017 INTEGRATED SCIENCE 2 ESSAY SOLUTIONS 1. (a) The diagram below is an illustration of a longitudinal section of a canine tooth in humans. Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow. (i) Name each of the parts labelled I, II, III, IV and V. [5 marks] I - Crown / Enamel II - Dentine III - Cement / Periodontal membrane IV - Jaw bone / Root V - Pulp Cavity (ii) What is the function of each of the parts labelled I and III? [2 marks] I - Protects teeth from harmful bacteria - Enable teeth withstand pressure of chewing - Cutting / chewing / protects dentine / protect pulp cavity III - hold tooth firmly (in socket / Jaw bone) (iii) Which of the labelled parts could be affected by tooth decay? [1 mark] V - Pulp cavity (iv) State three ways by which tooth decay may be prevented. [3 marks]  avoid using sharp-pointed objects  avoid having dry mouth  use water containing fluorides to wash teeth / mouth  avoid smoking  the teeth should be cleaned regularly after each meal / remove food particle from the teeth / flossing  wash the mouth vigorously after each meal  regular visit to the dentist   avoid eating too hot foods  avoid eating too much sugary food  avoid eating too cold food / taking too cold drinks (b) The diagram below is an illustration of a scientific phenomenon which occurs in nature. Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow. (i) What phenomenon does the diagram illustrate? [1 mark] Refraction of light (ii) Identify each of the parts labelled I, II, III, IV and V. [5 marks] I - Normal II - Incident ray III - angle of incidence / incident angle IV - angle of refraction V - refracted ray (iii) Explain why an object at the bottom of a pond appears closer to the surface than it actually is. [3 marks] Rays from the object at the bottom are bent away from the normal as they come out of the water. In a straight line, these rays appear to come from a point above the bottom (c) The diagram below is an illustration of an experiment performed to separate the components of muddy water. Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow.  (i) Name each of the parts labelled I, II and III. [3 marks] I - Retort / clamp stand II - filter paper III - funnel (ii) State the function of the part labelled II. [1 mark]  to prevent the residue / solid / insoluble particles / mud from entering the filtrate  to filter (solid / insoluble particles / residue)  to separate the nud, solid / insoluble particles from the water (iii) Name the substance obtained as the filtrate. [1 mark] Water (iv) State three physical properties of the filtrate. [3 marks]  it has a density of 1 gcm –3 / 1000 kgm–3  it boils at 100°C  it freezes at 0°C (at 1 atm)  it is colourless  it is tasteless / insipid  it is odourless  it has a high surface tension, etc (v) Name two other materials that could be used in place of the part labelled II. [2 marks]  foam  cotton wool  glass wool  Clean / white cloth (d) The diagram below illustrates a farmland on a sloppy area. Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow. (i) What process is likely to occur on the farmland when it rains heavily? [1 mark] Erosion  (ii) State two farming practices that can also lead to the process mentioned in (i). [2 marks]  Deforestation  bush burning  continuous cropping  cultivation / ploughing along slope  crop removal  excessive use of chemical / inorganic fertilizers  overgrazing (iii) List four farming practices that could be used to control the process mentioned in (i). [4 marks]  planting cover crops  terracing  cultivating / ploughing across slope / contour  heavy mulching  constructing drainage channels  planting trees beside farm  strip cropping  contour bunding (iv) Mention three soil resources that would be depleted from the farmland when it rains heavily. [3 marks]  soil organisms  nutrients (macro / micro) / mineral matter  soil particles / mineral matter  growing crops  air  organic matter / humus SECTION B [60 marks] Answer four questions only from this section 2. (a) An atom Y has atomic number 12. It loses two electrons in order to be stable. (i) State the proton number of the atom before it loses electrons. [1 mark] 12 (ii) State the electron number of the atom: [2 marks] (α) before it loses electrons.  12 (β) after losing electrons. 10 (iii) Name the type of ion formed by the atom when it loses two electrons. [1 mark] Cation / positively charged ion (b) Name four farming systems used in crop production. [4 marks]  Land rotation  Crop rotation  Mixed cropping  Mixed farming  Organic farming  Monoculture  Mono cropping  Shifting cultivation  Ecological farming / Eco-farming (c) (i) What is dispersal of seeds? [2 marks] It is a process by which seeds are carried away from the parent plant (ii) State two characteristics of seeds dispersed by wind. [2 marks]  seeds are very small  they are very light  they have hair  they have wing-like structures / parachutes (d) Explain the term forward bias of a p-n junction diode. [3 marks] It is when the positive terminal of an electric source is connected to the p-type of the diode and the negative terminal of the source is connected to the n-type of the diode, resulting in the flow of charges / current. 3. (a) (i) What is an acid? [2 marks] It is a proton donor OR A substance or compound that produces excess hydrogen ion (H+) in water OR A substance that contains replaceable hydrogen  (ii) Give two differences between an acid and a base, in terms of taste and feel. [2 marks] Acid Base Taste Sour Bitter Feel Non slippery / stinging Slippery / soapy (b) (i) Define pressure. It is the force acting (normally) per unit area OR (Normal) force Pressure = Area (ii) A force of 200 N is exerted on an area of 50 m2. Calculate the pressure exerted by the force. [3 marks] (Normal) force Pressure = Area 200 = 50 = 4 Pa OR 4 Nm–2 (c) Explain the following terms as associated with living organisms: [4 marks] (i) Unicellular - (Very small) living organisms that consist of only one cell. (ii) Multicellular - (Large) living organisms that consist of (many) cells (d) Give two reasons why soil air is important. [2 marks]  It enhances the absorption of mineral salts / nutrients by plant roots  It enhances the absorption of water by plant roots  It makes oxygen available for seed germination  Presence of aeration prevents the formation of toxic / acidic substances in the soil by micro organisms.  Plant roots use soil air for respiration / metabolism / growth  Soil micro organisms use soil air for respiration  Air is required for the decomposition of organic matter.  Aeration is required to prevent development of plant diseases 4. (a) (i) Explain the following terms as applied to machines: [4 marks] (α) work input; It is total energy / work applied to a machine for it to be able to work (β) work output. It is the total energy / work obtained by using machines to do work (ii) State one factor that limits work output for a given work input in a simple machine. [1 marks]  friction / wear and tear  age of machine / period of usage  weight of machine parts (b) (i) What is chloroplast? [2 marks] It is an organelle / structure found only in (plant) cell and it contains chlorophyll / green pigment (ii) Differentiate between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration. [2 marks] Aerobic Respiration Anaerobic Respiration Requires oxygen Does not require oxygen Produces large amount of energy Produces small amount of energy Water is produced Ethanol / lactic acid is produced (c) (i) State the colour change that would occur when blue litmus paper is dipped into a solution of: [2 marks] (α) vinegar; - changes to red (β) wood ash. - there is no colour change / remains the same (ii) Name the products formed when hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide. [2 marks] Sodium chloride and water (d) List two benefits of vegetables to humans. [2 marks]  Prevents constipation  supply roughage for easy digestion of food.  to garnish / decorate food   provide humans with vitamins / proteins / mineral salts / carbohydrates / food nutrients / food  source of medicine 5. (a) (i) Differentiate between egestion and digestion in nutrition. [2 marks] Egestion is the removal of undigested food / semi-solid / waste / faeces from the anus while digestion is the breaking down of food into smaller building blocks / components that can be absorbed into the blood stream. (ii) What is the end-product of digestion? [2 marks]  glucose / simple sugar  amino acids  fatty acids and glycerol (b) Give one example of a chemical compound used in: [3 marks] (i) medicine; Drugs / other pharmaceutical products, etc (ii) agriculture; Insecticides, pesticides, fertilizers, etc (iii) industry. Hydrochloric acid, sodium chloride, ethanol, ammonia, nitric aced, etc (c) (i) Define the term soil profile. [2 marks] It is the vertical section of the land showing the various horizons / layers and their composition (ii) State two ways in which soil profile is important in crop production. [2 marks]  helps to know the type of tools to choose  helps to select good soil for the crop  to determine depth at which tillage implements must be set  to know soil management practices to adopt  helps to determine fertility of soil  helps to determine type of crop to grow  helps to know the water holding capacity of the soil.  helps to determine the type of fertilizer to use / apply (d) (i) State two steps used by scientists in doing their work. [2 marks]   Identifying the problem  Observation  Experimenting  Analyzing data  Drawing conclusions  Hypothesis  Collection of data (ii) Give two subjects that may be considered as applied sciences. [2 marks]  Engineering  Medicine  Agriculture  Pharmacy  Electronics  ICT  etc 6. (a) (i) What is an alloy? [2 marks] It is a uniform mixture of a metal and another metal or non-metal or two or more metals (ii) State two causes of corrosion of metals. [2 marks]  Presence of oxygen / air  Presence of moisture / water  Presence of alkali  Presence of salt  Presence of acid (b) (i) What is a planet? [2 marks] It is a heavenly body that moves round the sun / star (ii) Name two planets between the Sun and the Earth. [2 marks]  Mercury  Venus (c) State four functions of the circulatory system in humans. [4 marks]  Transports blood  Transports hormones / drugs / chemical  Transports oxygen to cells / tissues / organs of the body  Transports nutrients / glucose to organs   Carries away excretory products / CO2 / waste materials / urea.  Regulates body temperatures / transport  Consists of / transports white blood cells / antibodies / attack foreign bodies.  Transports blood platelets to clot blood  responsible for pumping blood / erection of penis / clitoris (d) (i) Define the term crop rotation. [2 marks] It is a system of farming where different types of crops are grown on the same piece of land but on different plots in a definite order / cycle / sequence from season to season. OR It is a system of farming where variety of crops are grown on the same piece of land in a repeated cycle (ii) Give one example of a chemical method of controlling pests on crop farms. [1 mark]  spraying of recommended / appropriate pesticides  placement of recommended / appropriate pesticides JUNE 2016 INTEGRATED SCIENCE 1 OBJECTIVE TEST 45 minutes 1. An example of a third class lever is A. wheelbarrow B. sugar tongs C. pair of scissors D. crowbar 2. The release of a mature egg from an ovary into the fallopian tube in humans is called A. copulation B. ejaculation C. menstruation D. ovulation 3. The blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart is known as A. pulmonary artery B. pulmonary vein C. vena cava D. aorta 4. An example of a plant micro-nutrient is A. calcium B. copper C. magnesium D. potassium 5. What is the colour of the neutral wire in a three-pin plug? A. Blue B. Brown C. Green D. Yellow 6. In the pin-hole camera, the image formed is always A. erect and bright B. erect and blurred C. inverted and real D. inverted and virtual 7. The part of the flower that develops into a fruit is the A. ovary  B. ovule C. stamen D. style 8. The number of elements in the compound Ca(OH)2 is A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 9. The reason why alum is added to water during treatment is to A. kill germs B. give taste to water C. make water colourless D. make suspended particles settle 10. Which of the following animal parasites could be controlled by hand picking? A. Liver fluke B. Tapeworm C. Tick D. Roundworm 11. A stick which is partially immersed in water appeared to be bent due to A. absorption B. reflection C. refraction D. transmission 12. One difference between metals and non-metals is that metals A. have low density B. are not malleable C. have luster D. have low melting points. 13. The cultivation of different crops on different plots of a farmland in a definite cycle is called A. land rotation B. shifting cultivation C. crop rotation D. mixed cropping 14. Iodine deficiency in humans could result in a disorder known as A. diabetes B. goiter C. kwashiorkor D. scurvy 15. A substance is termed combustible if it  A. easily catches fire B. dissolves common salt C. sublimes at room temperature D. boils at 100°C. 16. Micro-organisms that cause diseases are collectively called A. bacteria B. infections C. pathogens D. viruses 17. Which type of energy is lost when sweat evaporates from the human body? A. Sound energy B. Mechanical energy C. Chemical energy D. Heat energy 18. Which of the following gases is involved in the rusting of iron? A. Hydrogen B. Oxygen C. Nitrogen D. Carbon dioxide 19. The feeling of soil between fingers is used to determine the A. texture of the soil B. drainage of the soil C. capillarity of the soil D. water holding capacity of the soil. 20. Sodium hydroxide is an example of a base because it A. has sour taste B. has a pH less than 7 C. turns wet blue litmus paper red D. turns wet red litmus paper blue 21. Which of the following plants has its leaves modified for storing food? A. Ginger B. Onion C. Pineapple D. Tomato 22. Gases enter and leave the leaf of a plant through the A. mesophyll cells B. stomata C. pith D. palisade cells 23. Which of the following vegetable crops is cultivated for its leaves? A. Carrrot B. Lettuce C. Okro D. Pepper 24. An example of a body that does not produce its own light is the A. moon B. sun C. star D. fire fly 25. Which of the following devices converts electrical energy into sound energy? A. Electric heater B. Electric fan C. Washing machine D. Loudspeaker 26. Transplanting of young seedlings is usually done in the evening because A. darkness promotes rapid growth B. seedlings require less nutrients C. pest attack is minimal D. transpiration is minimal 27. A mixture of sugar and water could be separated by A. decantation B. evaporation C. filtration D. sublimation 28. Which of the following processes results in the formation of new substances? A. Cooling water to form ice B. Adding saliva to cooked yam C. Dissolving sugar in water D. Mixing iron dust and sand 29. Photosynthesis is important to living organisms because it produces A. glucose and oxygen B. glucose and carbon dioxide C. oxygen and carbon dioxide D. water and carbon dioxide 30. Global warming is caused by the A. circulation of oxygen in the atmosphere B. excessive release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere C. release of hydrogen into the atmosphere D. circulation of nitrogen in the atmosphere 31. The warning and safety signs on chemical containers are usually represented by a symbol placed within a A. circle B. rectangle C. square D. triangle 32. In which of the following structures in a living cell is cellulose found? A. Chloroplast B. Mitochondrion C. Cell membrane D. Cell wall 33. Elements that could easily lose electrons to form cations are A. metals B. non-metals C. semi-metals D. noble gases 34. The conversion of agricultural produce from its original form to other desirable forms is termed A. preservation B. processing C. recycling D. storage 35. The function of the hair in the nose of humans is to A. make breathing easier B. keep nose moist C. filter dust from the air breathed in D. keep the nose warm 36. A metal that is used as a thermometric liquid is A. aluminium B. copper C. mercury D. silver 37. The joule is the S.I unit for A. energy B. force C. power D. pressure 38. Which of the following gases supports combustion? A. Hydrogen B. Oxygen  C. Carbon dioxide D. Carbon monoxide 39. The form of energy which flows from one point to another due to temperature differences is known as A. mechanical energy B. heat energy C. solar energy D. nuclear energy 40. Which of the following resources does not produce energy? A. Coal B. Sand C. Water D. Wind JUNE 2016 INTEGRATED SCIENCE 1 OBJECTIVE TEST SOLUTIONS 1. B. sugar tongs 2. D. ovulation 3. B. pulmonary vein 4. B. copper 5. A. Blue 6. C. inverted and real 7. A. ovary 8. B. 3 9. D. make suspended particles settle 10. C. Tick 11. C. refraction 12. C. have luster 13. C. crop rotation 14. B. goiter 15. A. easily catches fire 16. C. pathogens 17. D. Heat energy 18. B. Oxygen 19. A. texture of the soil 20. D. turns wet red litmus paper blue 21. B. Onion 22. B. stomata 23. B. Lettuce 24. A. moon 25. D. Loudspeaker 26. D. transpiration is minimal 27. B. evaporation 28. B. Adding saliva to cooked yam 29. A. glucose and oxygen 30. B. excessive release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere 31. D. triangle 32. D. Cell wall 33. A. metals 34. B. processing 35. C. filter dust from the air breathed in 36. C. mercury 37. A. energy 38. B. Oxygen 39. B. heat energy 40. B. Sand JUNE 2016 INTEGRATED SCIENCE 2 ESSAY 1 ¼ hours This paper is in two parts: I and II. Answer Question 1 in part I and any other four questions in part II PART I [40 marks] Answer all of Question 1 1. (a) The funnels in the diagram below contain equal amounts of different types of soils labelled K, L and M. Equal volumes of water were poured onto each soil at the same time and allowed to drain for 20 minutes. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow (i) What is the aim of the experiment? [2 marks] (ii) Which soil has the highest rate of drainage? [1 mark] (iii) Which soil has the highest water retention capacity? [1 mark] (iv) Which soil is most likely to lose water and dry faster after rainfall? [1 mark] (v) Which soil is most likely to be waterlogged after rainfall? [1 mark] (vi) Which of the soil types would be suitable for maize cultivation? [1 mark] (b) The diagram below illustrates hazard symbols labelled I, II, III and IV. Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow. (i) What does each of the symbols labelled I, II, III and IV represent? (ii) Name one substance each that is associated with: (α) I; (β) II; (γ) III. [3 marks] (iii) Name a place where the hazard symbol labelled IV is often displayed [1 mark] (iv) Which of the symbol(s) is / are found on chemical containers? [3 marks] The diagrams below are illustrations of devices used to do work easily Study the diagrams and answer the questions that follow (i) Give a general name for the devices. [1 mark] (ii) Identify each of the devices labelled A, B, C and D. [4 marks] (iii) Name the parts labelled I, II and III of device A when it is considered as a lever. [3 marks] (iv) What does the arrow represent in the device labelled B? [1 mark] (v) Name the type of work done with each of the devices labelled:  (α) C; (β) D; [2 marks] (d) The diagram below illustrates the digestive system in humans. Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow (i) Name each of the parts labelled I, II, III, IV and V [5 marks] (ii) Name the part(s) of the digestive system where (α) digestion of food substances occur (β) digested food is absorbed into the bloodstream [3 marks] (iii) Name the end-products of the digestion that is absorbed into the bloodstream [3 marks]  PART II [60 marks] Answer four questions only from this section 2. (a) Name four weather measuring instruments. [4 marks] (b) Name the stages in the life cycle of a mosquito. [4 marks] (c) (i) List two properties of water (ii) Explain why it is advisable to wash clothes with soft water [4 marks] (d) State three ways in which soil profile is important. [3 marks] 3. (a) List three modes of heat transfer. [3 marks] (b) (i) What is a deficiency disease? (ii) Name three deficiency diseases in humans. [5 marks] (c) State two ways in which each of the following factors cause depletion of soil resources: (i) burning (ii) leaching [4 marks] (d) List three processes that can change matter from one state to another. [3 marks] 4. (a) (i) What is a satellite? (ii) Give three uses of artificial satellites. [5 marks] (b) State the composition of each of the following alloys: (i) brass (ii) steel (iv) bronze [3 marks] (c) Name three cultural practices used in vegetable production. [3 marks] (d) List four parts of the respiratory system in humans. [4 marks] 5. (a) (i) What is a force? (ii) State two ways in which forces could affect a body [4 marks]  (b) (i) What is a chemical change? (ii) State three differences between chemical change and physical change. [5 marks] (c) Name three physical properties of soil. [3 marks] (d) Mention three diseases of the circulatory system in humans. [3 marks] 6. (a) Write the systematic name for each of the following compounds: (i) H2O (ii) MgO (iii) CaO (iv) CaCl2 [4 marks] (b) Name the instrument used in measuring the following: (i) length of a rope (ii) mass of a stone (iii) temperature of a liquid (iv) volume of a liquid [4 marks] (c) List three factors that influence vegetable crop production. [3 marks] (d) Name four stages in the life cycle of a flowering plant. [4 marks] JUNE 2016 INTEGRATED SCIENCE 2 ESSAY SOLUTIONS 1. (a) (i) The aim of the experiment [2 marks] To determine the drainage ability / water-holding capacity of the soils (ii) Soil with the highest rate of drainage [1 mark] Soil K (iii) Soil with the highest water retention capacity [1 mark] Soil M (iv) The soil most likely to lose water and dry faster after rainfall [1 mark] Soil K (v) The soil most likely to be waterlogged after rainfall [1 mark] Soil M (vi) Which of the soil types would be suitable for maize cultivation? [1 mark] Soil L (b) (i) What each of the symbols labelled I, II, III and IV represent I - Danger II - Corrosive III - Highly inflammable / highly flammable IV - No naked flame (ii) One substance each that is associated with: (α) I; DDT, Hydrogen cyanide, Salicylic acid (β) II; Concentrated Inorganic acids, such as HCl, H2SO4, HNO3, Concentrated inorganic bases, such as NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)2 Household bleach (γ) III. Petrol, Kerosene, LPG, Perfume, Insecticides, Alcohol [3 marks] (iii) A place where the hazard symbol labelled IV is often displayed [1 mark] Gas Filling stations, Storage places of combustible substances  (iv) Symbol(s) found on chemical containers [3 marks] I, II and III (c) (i) General name for the devices. [1 mark] Simple machines (ii) Identification of each of the devices labelled A, B, C and D. [4 marks] A - Wheel barrow B - Inclined plane C - Pulley D - Gear (iii) The parts labelled I, II and III of device A when it is considered as a lever. [3 marks] I - Effort II - Load III - Pivot (iv) What the arrow represents in the device labelled B [1 mark] Direction of effort / effort distance (v) The type of work done with each of the devices labelled: (α) C; Lifting objects (β) D; moving a vehicle or parts of an engine efficiently [2 marks] (d) (i) Names of the parts labelled I, II, III, IV and V [5 marks] I - Stomach II - Small intestines III - Large intestines IV - Rectum V - Oesophagus / gullet (ii) The part(s) of the digestive system where (α) digestion of food substances occur I and II (β) digested food is absorbed into the bloodstream [3 marks] II (iii) The end-products of the digestion that is absorbed into the bloodstream [3 marks] Amino acids, glucose, fatty acids and glycerol 2. (a) Four weather measuring instruments. [4 marks] Barometer, rain gauge, anemometer, wind vane, hygrometer, sun dial / lightmeter (b) The stages in the life cycle of a mosquito. [4 marks] Egg stage, larva stage, pupa stage and adult stage (c) (i) Two properties of water  Colourless  Odourless  Tasteless  Boils at 100°C  Freezes at 0°C (ii) Why it is advisable to wash clothes with soft water [4 marks] It lathers better with soap, since it does not contain dissolved salts such as calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide and calcium sulphate. There is no production of scum, therefore it makes washing easier and faster. (d) Three ways in which soil profile is important. [3 marks]  to determine the type of crop to grow  to determine the most suitable farming system to use  to determine the type / amount of fertilizer needed  to determine the cultural practices to use  to determine the type of tools / equipment to use  to determine the cost of production 3. (a) Three modes of heat transfer. [3 marks] Conduction, convection and radiation (b) (i) What a deficiency disease is A disease that results from the lack or shortage of certain nutrients in the body of an organism (ii) Three deficiency diseases in humans. [5 marks] Kwashiorkor, goiter, rickets, anaemia, scurvy, night blindness (c) Two ways in which each of the following factors cause depletion of soil resources: (i) burning  kills soil micro organism, such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria  makes the land bare, which results in soil erosion  causes faster evaporation of soil water   destroys soil nutrients (ii) leaching [4 marks]  washes away water-soluble plant nutrients, especially nitrates and sulphur.  leads to soil acidity  affects the texture of the topsoil. (d) Three processes that can change matter from one state to another. [3 marks]  Freezing  Condensation  Sublimation  Melting  Evaporation  Deposition 4. (a) (i) What a satellite is. A body that moves around / orbits a planet (ii) Three uses of artificial satellites. [5 marks]  weather forecasting  communication  scientific exploration  Navigation – using GPS, etc.  television/ radio broadcast  military purposes (b) The composition of each of the following alloys: (i) brass copper and zinc (ii) steel iron and carbon (iii) bronze [3 marks] copper and tin (c) Three cultural practices used in vegetable production. [3 marks]  Weeding  Pruning  Mulching  Watering  Thinning out  Staking (d) Four parts of the respiratory system in humans. [4 marks]  Nostril, bronchus, bronchioles, alveoli, trachea, pharynx, blood capillaries 5. (a) (i) What a force is A push or pull on an object (ii) Two ways in which forces could affect a body [4 marks] A force can:  cause a stationery body to move  cause a moving body to stop  increase the speed of a moving body (acceleration)  decrease the speed of a moving body (deceleration)  change the shape of a body (b) (i) What a chemical change is A change in which a new substance is formed and is irreversible, eg, the neutralization reaction between HCl and NaOH (ii) Three differences between chemical change and physical change. CHEMICAL CHANGE PHYSICAL CHANGE A new substance is formed No new substance is formed It is irreversible (not reversible) It is usually reversible Heat energy is given off or No heat energy given off or absorbed absorbed Chemical bonds are broken and Chemical bonds are not broken new ones form and no new ones are formed [5 marks] (c) Three physical properties of soil. [3 marks]  Soil Texture,  Soil Structure,  Water-holding capacity/ permeability / porosity  Soil colour  Bulk density  Soil temperature  Soil Consistency / Soil strength (d) Three diseases of the circulatory system in humans. [3 marks]  Anaemia  Haemophilia  Coronary artery disease  Arteriosclerosis  Leukemia  stroke  hypertension  heart failure   heart attack  Aortic dissection  Cardiomyopathy, etc 6. (a) The systematic name for each of the following compounds: (i) H2O - Dihydrogen monoxide or hydrogen oxide (ii) MgO - Magnesium oxide (iii) CaO - Calcium oxide (iv) CaCl2 - Calcium chloride [4 marks] (b) The instrument used in measuring the following: (i) length of a rope - Metre rule or tape measure (ii) mass of a stone - Beam balance, triple beam balance, (iii) temperature of a liquid- Mercury-in-glass thermometer, alcohol thermometer (iv) volume of a liquid - Measuring/graduated cylinder, beaker, pipette, volumetric flask, measuring cup/jug [4 marks] (c) Three factors that influence vegetable crop production. [3 marks]  Site selection  Quality of crop variety /planting material  Nature of soil  Climate / weather conditions  Cultural practices  Harvesting  Storage  Marketing (d) Four stages in the life cycle of a flowering plant. [4 marks]  Germination  Seedling  Mature plant  Flowering  Pollination  Fertilization  Formation of seeds and fruits  Dispersal of seeds and fruits JUNE 2015 INTEGRATED SCIENCE 1 OBJECTIVE TEST 45 minutes 1. Brass is an alloy of A. iron and carbon B. zinc and copper C. iron and copper D. copper and tin 2. An example of inorganic fertilizer is A. ammonium nitrate B. cow dung C. farmyard manure D. poultry dropping 3. The component of the human blood which transports oxygen to all parts of the body is A. plasma B. platelets C. red blood cells D. white blood cells 4. The importance of the fuse in an electrical circuit is to A. regulate the voltage B. prevent damage to electrical appliances C. alter the flow of current in the circuit D. minimize the use of current 5. Which of the following step(s) is/are required in the scientific method? I. Formulation of hypothesis II. Identification of the problem III. Experimentation A. I only B. II only C. II and III only D. I, II and III 6. Which of the following food items produces amino acids as end product of digestion? A. Cabbage B. Fish C. Margarine  D. Rice 7. The process of increasing the strength of a signal using a transistor is known as A. amplification B. biasing C. doping D. switching 8. The physical arrangement of soil particles into aggregates is termed A. soil porosity B. soil profile C. soil structure D. soil texture 9. The solvent which is most effective in washing bitumen from the hand is A. acid B. alcohol C. kerosene D. water 10. A piece of stone could be classified as an opaque material because it A. absorbs all the light incident on it B. does not absorb light incident on it C. allows all the light incident on it to pass through it D. does not allow light incident on it to pass through it 11. Fish swims in water with little resistance because it possesses A. gills B. scales C. caudal fins D. streamlined body 12. Which of the following conditions promote(s) rusting of iron? I. Air II. Moisture III. Oil A. I only B. II only C. I and II only D. II and III only 13. The change in the volume of water when a piece of stone is dropped into it is equal to the A. density of the stone B. mass of the stone C. volume of the stone D. weight of the stone 14. The second stage in the life cycle of a mosquito is the A. egg B. imago C. larva D. pupa 15. Which of the following objects could be attracted by a magnet? A. Copper chain B. Gold chain C. Steel blade D. Aluminium spoon 16. The knowledge of soil texture is important because it A. influences plant population B. determines the planting distance C. determines the type of crop to be grown D. influences the method of pest control 17. How many atoms are present in CaCl2? A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 18. The transfer of heat from the bottom to the top of a beaker containing water is by A. absorption B. conduction C. convection D. radiation 19. An example of a chemical compound is A. aluminium B. ammonia C. oxygen D. phosphorus 20. The type of the human teeth used for biting food substances is A. canines B. incisors C. molars D. premolars 21. Which of the following heavenly bodies is a star? A. Jupiter B. Moon C. Sun  D. Venus 22. Which of the following organisms is an endoparasite? A. Fleas B. Louse C. Tapeworm D. Tick 23. The part of the plant where pollination occurs is the A. flowers B. leaves C. roots D. stems 24. Which of the following substances is capable of neutralizing an acid? A. Vinegar B. Water C. Sodium chloride D. Sodium hydroxide 25. Droplet infection is the method by which A. diseases are transmitted from animals to plants B. infected animals are processed C. human beings protect themselves from diseases D. diseases are spread through the air 26. An example of a derived quantity is A. length B. mass C. time D. velocity 27. A structure in the human reproductive system which stores sperms temporarily is the A. epididymis B. penis C. scrotum D. vulva 28. Which of the following statements about diffusion is/are correct? I. It involves the movement of water molecules only II. It occurs in both gases and liquids III. It involves a semi-permeable membrane A. I only B. II only C. I and II only D. I, II and III 29. A farming system which requires at least three years programme is A. mixed cropping B. crop rotation C. organic farming D. mixed farming 30. The component of a living cell responsible for respiration is A. chloroplast B. mitochondria C. nucleus D. vacuole 31. Which of the following statements about a second class lever is correct? The A. pivot is between the load and the effort B. pivot and the load are at the same position C. load is between the effort and the pivot D. effort is between the load and the pivot 32. One advantage of soft water over hard water is that soft water A. has a pleasant taste B. can prevent heart diseases C. does not waste soap D. forms scales in kettles 33. The gas produced when glucose is oxidized during aerobic respiration is A. hydrogen B. nitrogen C. oxygen D. carbon dioxide 34. The systematic name for N2O is A. nitrogen (I) oxide B. nitrogen (II) oxide C. nitrogen (III) oxide D. nitrogen (IV) oxide 35. A husbandry practice which involves the removal of unwanted plant parts is known as A. mulching B. pruning C. thinning D. pricking out 36. The number of p-n junctions in a transistor is A. 1 B. 2 C. 3  D. 4 37. Fruits dispersed by wind A. have hairs B. are sticky C. are succulent D. have hooks 38. Substances that burn living tissues when they come into contact with these tissues are considered A. corrosive B. flammable C. irritant D. toxic 39. The function of the platelets in the circulatory system of humans is to A. transport oxygen B. transport carbon dioxide C. clot the blood D. defend the body 40. Energy is the A. force to move an object B. weight to do work C. ability to do work D. power to carry an object JUNE 2015 INTEGRATED SCIENCE 1 OBJECTIVE TEST SOLUTIONS 1. B. zinc and copper 2. A. ammonium nitrate 3. C. red blood cells 4. B. prevent damage to electrical appliances 5. D. I, II and III 6. B. Fish 7. A. amplification 8. B. soil structure 9. C. kerosene 10. D. does not allow light incident on it to pass through it 11. D. streamlined body 12. C. I and II only 13. C. volume of the stone 14. C. larva 15. C. Steel blade 16. C. determines the type of crop to be grown 17. B. 3 18. C. convection 19. B. ammonia 20. B. incisors 21. C. Sun 22. C. Tapeworm 23. A. flowers 24. D. Sodium hydroxide 25. D. diseases are spread through the air 26. D. velocity 27. A. epididymis 28. B. II only 29. B. crop rotation 30. B. mitochondria 31. C. load is between the effort and the pivot 32. C. does not waste soap 33. D. carbon dioxide 34. D. nitrogen (I) oxide 35. B. pruning 36. B. 2 37. A. have hairs 38. A. corrosive 39. C. clot the blood 40. C. ability to do work JUNE 2015 (FIRST SITTING) INTEGRATED SCIENCE 2 ESSAY 1 ¼ hours This paper is in two parts: I and II. Answer Question 1 in part I and any other four questions in part II PART I [40 marks] Answer all of Question 1 1. (a) The diagrams below are illustrations of three different organisms harmful to farm animals Study the diagrams carefully and answer the questions that follow (i) Identify each of the organisms labelled I, II and III [3 marks] (ii) Which of the organisms is/are: (α) parasite(s) (β) pest(s) [3 marks] (iii) State one effect each of the following organism on farm animals (α) I; (β) II; (γ) III. [3 marks] (iv) State three methods of controlling the organism labelled III [3 marks] (b) The diagram below illustrates a burning candle placed in front of a plane mirror MM′ and an image of the candle formed in the mirror. Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow  (i) Name the parts labelled I, II, III and IV [4 marks] (ii) State the relationship between angles θ1 and θ2 [1 mark] (iii) Give three characteristics of IV in the diagram [3 marks] (iv) Explain why IV is represented in broken lines [2 marks] (c) In an experiment to investigate the reactivity of sodium, a piece of sodium metal was dropped in a beaker containing water. The experimental set-up is as illustrated below. Study the set-up carefully and answer the questions that follow (i) State what would happen if a glowing splint was held at the mouth of the beaker [2 marks] (ii) Name the gas evolved [1 mark] (iii) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction that occurred [3 marks] (iv) Name two other metals that can react in a similar ways as the sodium [2 marks] (d) An experiment to investigate the conditions for germination of viable bean seeds was carried out. The diagrams below are illustrations of the different conditions in which the seeds were kept. The beakers labelled A, B and C containing the seeds were kept at room temperature. Study the diagrams carefully and answer the questions that follow  (i) State what would happen to the seeds in each of the beakers labelled A, B and C when the experiment was observed after five days. [3 marks] (ii) Give reasons for each of your answers in (i) [4 marks] (iii) Why was oil spread on the surface of the water in the beaker labelled C? [2 marks] PART II [60 marks] Answer four questions only from this section 2. (a) (i) What is weather? (ii) State two differences between weather and season [4 marks] (b) State the composition of each of the following alloys; (i) steel; (ii) stainless steel [3 marks] (c) List four benefits of vegetables to humans [4 marks] (d) The diagram below is an illustration of life-cycle of a flowering plant. Name each of the stages labelled I, II, III and IV [4 marks] 3. (a) Explain how (i) lithium atom becomes positively charged (ii) oxygen atom becomes negatively charged [2 marks] (b) (i) What is potential energy? (ii) A coconut of mass 2 kg is on a tree 5 m tall. Determine the potential energy of the coconut at this height [Take g = 10 ms–2] [5 marks] (c) State four causes of teenage pregnancy [4 marks] (c) State four uses of soil in agriculture. [4 marks] 4. (a) Give four health benefits of water to humans [4 marks] (b) (i) State two ways in which crop rotation is important in crop production (ii) Distinguish between mixed cropping and mixed farming [4 marks] (c) (i) What is a fuse? (ii) Name the colour code of the wire on which a fuse is placed in a three-pin plug[3 marks] (d) (i) In a tabular form, state three differences between osmosis and diffusion (ii) State one way in which osmosis is similar to diffusion [4 marks] 5. (a) (i) What is a balanced ration in animal nutrition? (ii) State two benefits of balanced ration to poultry [4 marks] (b) List four hazards that may be encountered in teaching and learning of science [4 marks] (c) Name the parts of the circulatory system of humans [3 marks] (d) (i) What is a simple machine? (ii) State two methods of overcoming friction in everyday activities [4 marks] 6. (a) (i) What is a magnetic field? (ii) To which class of mixture does each of the following belong? (α) Smoke (β) Air (γ) Bronze [5 marks] (b) (i) What is plaque in human dentition?  (ii) State the function of chlorophyll in photosynthesis [3 marks] (c) Identify the scientific principle underlying the operation of each of the following industries (i) kenkey production (ii) salt smoking (iii) fish smoking (iv) biogas production [4 marks] (d) (i) What is plant parasite? (ii) Give one example of a plant parasite [3 marks] JUNE 2015 (FIRST SITTING) INTEGRATED SCIENCE 2 ESSAY SOLUTIONS PART I [40 marks] 1. (a) (i) Identify each of the organisms labelled I, II and III [3 marks] I. - Louse II. - Tsetse fly III. - Tapeworm (ii) Which of the organisms is/are: (α) parasite(s) Louse and tapeworm (β) pest(s) [3 marks] tsetsefly (iii) State one effect each of the following organism on farm animals (α) I: Sucks blood of animals, resulting in anaemia (β) II: Infects animals with sleeping sickness, which can lead to death (γ) III. feeds on the digested food nutrients in the body of animal, which affects the immune system and leads to weakness and ill-health [3 marks] (iv) State three methods of controlling the organism labelled III [3 marks]  Deworming,  regualar checks by veterinary personnel  Proper disposal of sewage  clean grazing on low risk pasture (b) (i) Name the parts labelled I, II, III and IV [4 marks] I. - Incident ray II. - Normal III. - Reflected ray IV. - Image (ii) State the relationship between angles θ1 and θ2 [1 mark]  Angles θ1 and θ2 are equal (iii) Give three characteristics of IV in the diagram [3 marks]  it is erect (upright)  it is virtual  It has the same size as the object  Its distance to the mirror equals the distance of the object from the mirror  It is formed behind the mirror (iv) Explain why IV is represented in broken lines [2 marks] IV is represented in broken lines because it is a virtual (not a real) image (cannot be captured on a screen) (c) (i) State what would happen if a glowing splint was held at the mouth of the beaker [2 marks] The glowing splint would be ignited (become aflame / catch fire) (ii) Name the gas evolved [1 mark] Hydrogen (iii) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction that occurred [3 marks] 2 Na + 2 H2O → 2 NaOH + H2 (iv) Name two other metals that can react in a similar ways as the sodium [2 marks] Lithium, Potassium (d) (i) State what would happen to the seeds in each of the beakers labelled A, B and C when the experiment was observed after five days. [3 marks] Beaker A - Seeds do not germinate Beaker B - Seeds germinate Beaker C - Seeds do not germinate (ii) Give reasons for each of your answers in (i) [4 marks]  Seeds in beaker A do not germinate because there is no water / moisture present  Seeds in beaker B germinate because all the conditions necessary for germination, namely, moisture, air, optimum temperature and viable seed are present.  Seeds in beaker C do not germinate because there is no air present (due to layer of oil on water surface) (iii) Why was oil spread on the surface of the water in the beaker labelled C?[2 marks] To prevent air (atmospheric oxygen) from getting dissolved in the water and reaching the seeds  PART II [60 marks] Answer four questions only from this section 2. (a) (i) What is weather? The atmospheric condition of a place at a particular time. or The state of the atmosphere at a particular place and time or The condition of the atmosphere of a place over a short period of time (ii) State two differences between weather and season [4 marks] WEATHER SEASON Atmospheric condition of a place over The average atmospheric condition of a short period of time a place over a longer period of time within a year Changes relatively quickly (lasts for a Changes relatively slowly (lasts for a short time, usually about a day) longer time, usually 3 or more months) It is less predictable It is more predictable (b) State the composition of each of the following alloys; (i) steel; iron and carbon (ii) stainless steel [3 marks] iron, carbon and chromium (c) List four benefits of vegetables to humans [4 marks] Provide mineral salts, which supports metabolic activities for proper functioning of the body Provide vitamins for protection against diseases Provide dietary fibre for easy bowel movement Provide antioxidants, which fights stress and strengthen immune system Makes our food tastier / more enjoyable (d) Name each of the stages labelled I, II, III and IV [4 marks] I. - Pollination II. - Fertilization III. - Dispersion / dispersal IV. - Germination 3. (a) Explain how (i) lithium atom becomes positively charged Lithium has 1 electron in its outermost shell, making it unstable. In order to become stable, it loses the electron on its outermost shell. As a result, the atom becomes positively charged, since there is now 1 more positive charge (proton) than negative charge (electron) (ii) oxygen atom becomes negatively charged [2 marks] Oxygen has 6 electrons in its outermost shell, making it unstable. In order to become stable, it gains 2 more electrons on its outermost shell to make it completely filled. As a result, the negative charges (electrons) become 2 more than the positive charges (protons), making the atom negatively charged. (b) (i) What is potential energy? The energy possessed by a body as a result of its position or state. (ii) A coconut of mass 2 kg is on a tree 5 m tall. Determine the potential energy of the coconut at this height [Take g = 10 ms–2] [5 marks] Potential energy = mass(m) × height(h) × acceleration due to gravity(g) = 2 kg × 5 m × 10ms-2 = 100kgm2s-2 = 100 J (c) State four causes of teenage pregnancy [4 marks] (i) Indiscriminate / Casual sex (ii) Irresponsible parenting (iii) Lack of sex education in schools (iv) Illiteracy (v) Negative peer pressure (vi) Lack of contraceptive use / rejection of family planning methods (vii) Wrong application of birth control measures (viii) Unemployment (ix) Poverty (x) Streetism (d) State four uses of soil in agriculture. [4 marks]  It serves as a support to agricultural crops  It serves as a habitat (home) for several micro-organisms, which are important for plant growth.  It holds water for the use of agricultural crops and animals.  It contains mineral salts which are used by crops for healthy growth.  It supports grass and other plants, which farm animals feed on for their sustenance  It helps maintain suitable temperature for the development of plant roots and micro- organisms. 4. (a) Give four health benefits of water to humans [4 marks]  It helps with easy bowel movement (Prevents constipation)  It helps with the metabolic activities of the body  It can relieve stress  It can relieve headaches  It promotes healthy and radiant skin  It helps to maintain optimum blood pressure  It helps to maintain suitable body temperature.  It supports the proper functioning of the cells/ tissues/ organs of the body. (b) (i) State two ways in which crop rotation is important in crop production  It helps in maintaining soil fertility  The legumes included in crop rotation fix atmospheric nitrogen in the soil,  The growing of cover crops helps check soil erosion  The system of rotation helps check pests and diseases  There is a reduced risk of losing yield, in case of pest or disease attack. (ii) Distinguish between mixed cropping and mixed farming [4 marks] Mixed cropping – Different types of crops are grown on the same piece of land Mixed farming – Crops are grown and farm animals are reared at different sections of the same piece of land. (c) (i) What is a fuse? An electrical safety device containing a piece of a metal that melts if the current running through it exceeds a particular level, thereby breaking the circuit or a safety device consisting of a strip of wire that melts and breaks an electric circuit if the current exceeds a safe level (ii) Name the colour code of the wire on which a fuse is placed in a three-pin plug Red/ brown [3 marks] (d) (i) In a tabular form, state three differences between osmosis and diffusion OSMOSIS DIFFUSION It involves the movement of only It involves movement of solute solvent or water molecules molecules /particles Semi-permeable membrane No semi-permeable membrane present Applies in only liquids (solvent Applies in solids, liquids and molecules) gases Movement of solvent molecules Movement of solute particles from lower to higher from a higher concentration to a  concentration lower concentration (ii) State one way in which osmosis is similar to diffusion [4 marks]  They both involve the movement of molecules  The particles / molecules move to cause equality in the concentrations of the regions  presence of a concentration gradient 5. (a) (i) What is a balanced ration in animal nutrition? The feed allowed for a given animal during a 24-hour period which contains all the essential nutrients to the animal in the right proportion and amount. (ii) State two benefits of balanced ration to poultry [4 marks] It ensures healthy and strong birds It increase the quality of the eggs produced It increases the quantity of eggs produced It increases the rate of growth (b) List four hazards that may be encountered in teaching and learning of science [4 marks]  Corrosion of one’s skin by corrosive chemicals  Burns from open flame or explosives  Injuries sustained from falling as a result of slippery floor  Health risk from inhaling of poisonous gases  Health risk from ingestion of toxic chemicals  Skin irritation from contact with irritants  Health risks from Electrical shocks  Eye irritation from strong light or radiation or irritants (c) Name the parts of the circulatory system of humans [3 marks]  Heart,  blood  Blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries ) (d) (i) What is a simple machine? A mechanical device that makes work easier and/ or faster (ii) State two methods of overcoming friction in everyday activities [4 marks] Applying lubricants such as grease / oil Smoothening the contact surfaces Using wheels / rollers Using ball bearings 6. (a) (i) What is a magnetic field?  A region of space surrounding a magnet or current-carrying circuit in which the resulting magnetic force can be detected (ii) To which class of mixture does each of the following belong? (α) Smoke - solid-gas mixure (β) Air - gas-gas mixture (γ) Bronze - solid-solid mixture [5 marks] (b) (i) What is plaque in human dentition? A sticky, colorless deposit of bacteria that is constantly forming on the tooth surface OR A sticky, colorless film of bacteria that constantly forms on our teeth and along the gum line (ii) State the function of chlorophyll in photosynthesis [3 marks] It traps/absorbs sunlight, which provides energy for the manufacture of food (c) Identify the scientific principle underlying the operation of each of the following industries (i) kenkey production - fermentation (ii) salt making - evaporation (iii) fish smoking - food preservation (iv) biogas production - fermentation [4 marks] (d) (i) What is plant parasite? A plant that derives some or all of nutrients and water from another living organism (ii) Give one example of a plant parasite [3 marks] dodder, mistletoe, the corpse flower, cactus mistletoe JUNE 2015 (SECOND SITTING) INTEGRATED SCIENCE 2 ESSAY 1 ¼ hours This paper is in two parts: I and II. Answer Question 1 in part I and any other four questions in part II PART I [40 marks] Answer all of Question 1 1. (a) The diagram below is an illustration of a cocoa pod infected by a disease. Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow (i) Name the disease illustrated on the pod [1 mark] (ii) Mention the causative organism of the disease [1 mark] (iii) Describe one symptom of the disease [2 mark] (iv) State one farm practice that promotes the spread of the disease [1 mark] (v) Give two practices farmers could adopt to control the disease [2 mark] (b) The diagram below is an illustration of a cuboid with faces A, B and C shown and sides a, b and c indicated. Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow  (i) Measure and record the length of each of the sides labelled a, b and c, in centimetres. [3 marks] (ii) Determine the area of each of the faces A and B [4 marks] (iii) If the weight of the cuboid is 100 N, determine the pressure exerted by the cuboid in N/cm2 when it lies on (α) face A (β) face B. [4 marks] (iv) From your results in (iii), explain how pressure exerted by a body changes with the area on which it lies [2 marks] (c) The diagrams below are illustrations of three different types of teeth, labelled A, B and C, in humans Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow (i) Name each type of teeth labelled A, B and C. [3 marks] (ii) State one function of each type of teeth labelled A, B and C. [3 marks] (iii) State two observable differences between the tooth labelled A and that labelled B [2 marks] (iv) Mention two ways of ensuring proper dental care. [2 marks] (d) The diagram below is an illustration of an experimental set-up used to separate water and salt from salt solution. Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow  (i) Name each of the pa