Research Process PDF

Research Process  Research Process is a systematic and Definition structured approach that involves the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data or information to answer a specific research question or solve a particular pr...

Research Process  Research Process is a systematic and Definition structured approach that involves the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data or information to answer a specific research question or solve a particular problem.  1. Selecting the Research Topic 2. Defining the research Problem 3. Objectives of Research 4. Literature Survey 5. Formulation of research hypothesis Research 6. Selecting Research Design Process 7. Sample Design Steps 8. Collection of data 9. Execution of Project 10.Analysis of Data 11.Testing of Hypothesis 12.Generalization & Interpretation of Data 13.Preparation of Research Report  1. Selecting the Research Topic Neither Broad nor to narrow Clearly defined & Understood Require knowledge and significant time Most important foundation for research Ex. To study of customer satisfaction towards Electric Vehicle with special reference to Pune City.  2. Defining the research Problem Problem – Clearly & Precisely Based on that research design is decided Improper definition can cause failure of entire research study Improper – wastage of time, money and efforts Ex. Despite the growing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) in India, understanding customer satisfaction levels remains a challenge. In Pune, a rapidly urbanizing city, factors such as infrastructure availability, vehicle performance, and customer service play a crucial role in shaping consumer satisfaction.  3. Objectives of Research Provides Certain Direction Prevent Further Distraction Foundation of research Essential Ingredient Supports the completion of whole research  3. Objectives of Research Should be SMART Specific: Make sure your objectives aren’t overly vague Measurable: Know how you’ll measure whether your objectives have been achieved Achievable: Your objectives may be challenging, but they should be feasible Relevant: Make sure that they directly address the research problem, should focus current status of research Time-based: Set clear deadlines for objectives to ensure that the project stays on track  3. Objectives of Research To study Customer satisfaction levels towards EV To know the awareness level of the people towards EV To find the purchasing habits of people towards EV  Finding available research Idea about area of knowledge Summaries of sources 4. Literature Survey Review of important information Developing new interpretation Significant arguments & Discussion  To study customer satisfaction towards EV in India Books related to same News - https://indianexpress.com/article Articles Blogs/Vlogs - https://www.pluginindia.com/blogs , https://blog.feedspot.com/electric_vehicl e_blogs/ Magazine – https://evmagazine.com/ Official websites - https://evduniya.com/ 5. Formulation of Hypothesis Finding Potential Variables Relationship Statement Ex. To study the impact of violent content of TV on behavior of children Independent Variable - Violent content Dependent Variable – Behavior of children Relationship among the same – Positive/negative  Customer Satisfaction – Dependent Variable Cost /Price/ Service/ Quality/ Relations/ Behavior/ Waiting Time - Independent Behavior Ex. Customer are not satisfied with the EV Customer are aware about the EV More people are preferring EV over Petrol/Diesel Vehicles 6. Selecting Research Design Research design is the framework of research methods Techniques chosen by a researcher to conduct a study The design allows researchers to sharpen the research methods There are three main types of designs for research: Data collection Measurement Data Analysis  Process of Research Design: CONSIDER CHOOSE A IDENTIFY YOUR CHOOSE YOUR PLAN YOUR YOUR AIMS TYPE OF POPULATION DATA DATA AND RESEARCH AND SAMPLING COLLECTION COLLECTION APPROACHES DESIGN METHOD METHODS PROCEDURES  Elements of Research Desing Techniques to The method be Accurate applied for Type of implemented purpose analyzing research for collecting statement collected methodology and analyzing details research Probable Settings for Measurement objections to the research Timeline of analysis research study  Clarity of research objectives: Increased validity and reliability: Benefits of Improved data collection: Research Design Better data analysis: Improved communication: Efficient use of resources: 7. Sample Design A sampling design is definite plan for obtaining a sample from a given population. It refers to the technique or the procedures the researcher would adopt in selecting items for the sample. Sample design may as well lay down the number of items to be included in the sample i.e. the size of the sample 8. Collection of data The process of gathering and analyzing accurate data from various sources to find answers to research problems, trends and probabilities, etc., to evaluate possible outcomes is Known as Data Collection Primary Data Collection Secondary Data Collection  Tools Word Sentence Role- In-Person Associati Completi Playing Surveys on on Online/ Mobile Phone Observati Web Surveys Surveys on Surveys 9. Execution of Project Execution of the research project involves both conducting and monitoring the proposed activities, as well as updating and revising the project plan according to emerging lessons and/or conditions. The activities include assembling the research team(s), applying for the logistical needs and allocation of tasks. 10. Analysis of Data The data analysis process helps reduce a large chunk of data into smaller fragments, which makes sense 11. Testing of Hypothesis 12. Generalization & Interpretation of Data  Imagine a field visit to a manufacturing plant by BBA students. The report might include: Generalization: "Safety measures are a critical focus in all manufacturing plants to prevent workplace accidents." Interpretation: "The extensive use of automation and safety gear observed in this plant indicates the management's emphasis on minimizing human error and ensuring worker safety." This approach allows for both a broad understanding and a deeper analysis of the specific scenario Key Differences Feature Generalization Interpretation Creating broad Assigning meaning Focus rules or principles to information Inductive Deductive Process reasoning (specific reasoning (general to general) to specific) Simplifying Understanding the Goal complex significance of information information Example: Data: You have a set of data showing a correlation between ice cream sales and crime rates. Interpretation: You might interpret this data to mean that as ice cream sales increase, crime rates also increase. However, a more nuanced interpretation might consider other factors, such as increased outdoor activity during warmer months, which could influence both ice cream sales and crime rates 13. Preparation of Research Report Contents: Purpose of study Significance of his study or statement of the problem Review of literature Methodology Interpretation of data Conclusions and suggestions Bibliography Appendices Layout 1.Preliminary Page 2.Main Text 3.End Matter Applications of Research Process Scientific research: Includes fields such as biology, chemistry, physics, and environmental science. Social sciences: Includes fields such as sociology, psychology, anthropology, and economics. Education: Includes research on student achievement, teacher effectiveness, and educational policy. Healthcare: Includes fields such as medicine, nursing, and public health. Business and industry: Includes market research, product development, and customer satisfaction research. Government and policy: Includes research on social welfare, crime prevention, and environmental policy. Purpose of Research Process 1 2 3 4 5 Identify Collect Test Solve Generate gaps in and hypothes problems new existing analyze es knowledg knowledg data e: e  Tips for Research Process Start Start with a clear research question Conduct Conduct a thorough literature review Choose appropriate research Choose methods Be Be organized and systematic Analyze Analyze data rigorously Interpret Interpret results carefully Communicate Communicate effectively Collaborate and Collaborate and seek feedback seek  Case You are recruited as a research associate in World Health Organization (WHO). As your first assignment you are sent to India to research the reasons behind rise in two-wheeler accident cases in recent times. The research should be finished in one year with cost as less as possible without compromising the quality of the research. And to maintain the quality of research you have to mandatory focus on the primary data and take help of internet as less as possible. Questions: 1) What will be your research title? 2) How and from where in India you will start the research? 3) Will it be a primary research or secondary research?  1)Research title - Reason behind Mishaps in India pertaining to two-wheeler accidents 2) Should start from secondary data available online. And in India should start from New Delhi as Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation is in Delhi and it will help in further research 3) It will be mix of both secondary research will help to know the reasons behind the accident and primary research will help to know the awareness of manufacturer and two-wheeler owners about this accident Research Process  https://researchmethod.net/research-process/