Fluid Balance and Imbalances PDF

Machine Translated by Google ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺘﺮﺷﻴﺢ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺘﺸﺎر واﻟ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﺎﺿﺢ واﻻﻧ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟ‬‫ﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ‬...

Machine Translated by Google ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺘﺮﺷﻴﺢ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺘﺸﺎر واﻟ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﺎﺿﺢ واﻻﻧ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟ‬‫ﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ وﻇﻴﻔ ﺔ اﻟﻤﺎء‬ ‫واﻟﻨﻘﻞ اﻟﻨﺸﻂ‬ ‫ﺘﻴﻦ واﻟﻐﺪد اﻟﺼﻤﺎء‬ ‫ﺋ‬‫وﺻﻒ دور اﻟﻜﲆ واﻟﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎمﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢﺳﻮاﺋﻞ اﻟﺠ ﺴﻢ‬ ‫وﺻﻒ‬ ‫ﺘﻼلﺗﻮازن اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺒﺎ ب اﺧ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ أﻧﻮاع وأﺳ‬ ‫ﺘﻼلﺗﻮازن اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻈﺎ ﻫﺮ اﺧ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ‬‫ﺻﻴﺎﻏ ﺔ ﺧﻄ ﺔ رﻋﺎﻳ ﺔﺗﻤﺮﻳﻀﻴ ﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻳﺾ اﻟﻤﺼﺎ ب‬ ‫ﺘﻮازن‬ ‫ﺘﻼل اﻟ‬ ‫اﺧ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ Machine Translated by Google ‫ﺳﻮاﺋﻞ اﻟﺠ ﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺒﺎدل‬ ‫ﺗ‬‫‪1 -‬ﻳﻮﻓﺮ وﺳﻴﻠ ﺔ ﻟﻨﻘﻞ و‬ ‫ﺜﻞ اﻷﻛ ﺴﺠﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐﺬﻳﺎ ت واﻟﻤﻮاد اﻷﺧﺮى ﻣ‬ ‫ﺘﻔﺎﻋﻼ ت اﻷﻳﻀﻴ ﺔ داﺧﻞ اﻟﺨﻼﻳﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻄﺎ ﻟﻠ‬ ‫‪2-‬ﻳﻮﻓﺮ و ً‬ ‫‪3-‬ﻳ ﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻓ ﻲﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ درﺟ ﺔ ﺣﺮارة اﻟﺠ ﺴﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل‬ ‫ﺒﺨﺮ اﻟﻌﺮق‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺒﻨﻴ ﺔ اﻟﺠ ﺴﻢ وﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﻛﺼﺪﻣ ﺔ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻼ ﻟ‬ ‫‪4-‬ﻳﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﺘﺺ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻤ‬ ‫‪5-‬ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﻛﻤﻮادﺗﺸﺤﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ Machine Translated by Google ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ Machine Translated by Google ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻎﻳﻮﻣ ًﻴﺎ ﺧﻼل ‪24‬ﺳﺎﻋ ﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺎ وﻳﻔﻘﺪ ﻫﺎ اﻟﺸﺨﺺ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺘﺴ‬‫ﺘ ﻲﻳﻜ‬ ‫ﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﻤﻴ ﺔ اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ اﻟ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺐاﻟاﻟ ﺴﻮا‬‫ﻓﻘﺪان‬ ‫)ﻣﻞ(‬ ‫)ﻣﻞ(‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﺳ‬ ‫‪1500‬اﻟﻔﻤﻮﻳ ﺔ‬ ‫‪1300‬‬ ‫ﺒﻮل‬ ‫ﺋﻞ‬‫اﻟﺴﻮا‬ ‫‪ 200‬ﺔ اﻟﺼﻠ‬ ‫ﺒﺔ‬ ‫‪1000‬‬ ‫ﺒﺮاز‬ ‫ﻷﻃﻌﻤ‬‫ااﻟ‬ ‫ﺘْ‬ ‫‪600‬ﻼ ب‬ ‫ِﻘ‬ ‫‪300‬‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫اﻻ ْ‬ ‫ﻋﺮق‬ ‫‪ 300‬ﻲﺲاﻟﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺢ‬ ‫‪2600‬‬ ‫إﺟﻤﺎﻟ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻔ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫إﺟﻤﺎﻟ ﻲ اﻟﺨ ﺴﺎﺋﺮ ‪2600‬‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺧ ﺴﺎرة ﻣﻌﻘﻮﻟ ﺔ‬ ‫ﺧ ﺴﺎرة ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺤ ﺴﻮﺳ ﺔ‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻓﻘﺪان اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ اﻟﺬيﻳﻤﻜﻦ أنﻳﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻫﻮ ﻓﻘﺪان اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ اﻟﺬيﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺜﻞ اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ ﻗﻴﺎﺳﻪ‪.‬ﻣ‬ ‫ﻻﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻗﻴﺎﺳﻪ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺒﻮل‪،‬‬ ‫ﺘ‬‫ﺿﺎﻋ ﺖ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ اﻟ‬ ‫ﻳﺸﻤﻞ اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ اﻟﻤﻔﻘﻮدة‬ ‫ﺘﻐﻮط‪ ،‬اﻟﻨﺰﻳﻒ‪،‬‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺠﻠﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﺠﺮوح‪ ،‬اﻟﻤﻌﺪة‬ ‫ﺋﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺮق( واﻟﺮ‬ ‫)اﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺮف واﻟﻘ ﻲء‪.‬‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻔ ﺲ(‪.‬‬ ‫)اﻟ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺋﻴ ﺴﻴﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻘ ﺴﻢﺳﻮاﺋﻞ اﻟﺠ ﺴﻢ إﱃ ﻗ ﺴﻤﻴﻦ ر‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮرا ت‬ ‫‪1-‬ﺣﺠﺮة اﻟ ﺴﺎﺋﻞ داﺧﻞ اﻟﺨﻼﻳﺎ )‪(ICF‬‬ ‫‪2-‬اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ ﺧﺎرج اﻟﺨﻼﻳﺎ ‪(ECF).‬‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺒﺮ ﺣﺠﺮة ﻓ ﻲ اﻟﺠ ﺴﻢ ﺗﻤ‬ ‫ﻫ ﻲ أﻛ‬ ‫ﺜﻞ اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ داﺧﻞ اﻟﺨﻼﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻤ‬ ‫ﺜ ﻲ )‪(2/3‬إﺟﻤﺎﻟ ﻲ‬ ‫ﺛﻠ‬‫ﺣﻮاﻟ ﻲ‬ ‫ﺳﻮاﺋﻞ اﻟﺠ ﺴﻢ ﺣﻮاﻟ ﻲ ‪65%‬ﻣﻦﺳﻮاﺋﻞ اﻟﺠ ﺴﻢ‬ ‫‪(40%‬ﻣﻦ وزن اﻟﺠ ﺴﻢ اﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟ ﻲ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫عقي ﺧﺎرج اﻟﺨﻼﻳﺎ‪ ،‬لك شي ﻣﺎﻳﻘﺮ ب ﻣﻦ ‪20%‬ﻣﻦ‬ ‫إﺟﻤﺎﻟ ﻲ اﻟﺠ ﺴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻮزن و‪ %53‬ﻣﻦ إﺟﻤﺎﻟ ﻲﺳﻮاﺋﻞ اﻟﺠ ﺴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ أﻏﻠ ﺐ‬‫‪1-‬اﻟ ﺴﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺨﻼﻟ ﻲﻳﻘﻊ ﻓ ﻲ اﻟﻔﺮاﻏﺎ ت‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻳﺎ اﻟﺠ ﺴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺒﻼزﻣﺎ داﺧﻞ‬ ‫‪2-‬ﻳﻮﺟﺪﺳﺎﺋﻞ داﺧﻞ اﻷوﻋﻴ ﺔ اﻟﺪﻣﻮﻳ ﺔﻳ ﺴﻤﻰ اﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺮاﻳﻴﻦ واﻷوردة واﻟﺸﻌﻴﺮا ت اﻟﺪﻣﻮﻳ ﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺒﻮل واﻟﺠﻬﺎز اﻟﻬﻀﻤ ﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺮ اﻟﺨﻼﻳﺎﻳﺸﻤﻞ اﻟ‬ ‫‪3-‬اﻟ ﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻋ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺮق؛ واﻟ ﺴﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻨﺨﺎﻋ ﻲ‪ ،‬وﻣﺎ إﱃ ذﻟﻚ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻹﻓﺮازا ت؛ واﻟ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫اﻟ ﺴﺎﺋﻞ داﺧﻞ اﻟﺨﻼﻳﺎ ‪(ICF):‬‬ ‫‪40%‬ﻣﻦ وزن اﻟﺠ ﺴﻢ‬ ‫اﻟ ﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺧﺎرج اﻟﺨﻼﻳﺎ ‪(ECF):‬‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻮن ﻣﻦ اﻟ ﺴﺎﺋﻞ داﺧﻞ اﻷوﻋﻴ ﺔ اﻟﺪﻣﻮﻳ ﺔ )‪(IVF‬‬ ‫ﻳ‬ ‫واﻟ ﺴﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺨﻼﻟ ﻲ )‪(ISF‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺪوق اﻟﻨﻘﺪ اﻟﺪوﻟ ﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫‪20%‬ﻣﻦ وزن اﻟﺠ ﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﺘﻠﻘﻴﺢ اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋ ﻲ‪4% :‬ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻗﻮا ت اﻷﻣﻦ اﻟﺪاﺧﻠ ﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫وزن اﻟﺠ ﺴﻢ‬ ‫‪16%‬‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ Machine Translated by Google ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺘﻨﺎﺿﺢ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺘﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺘ ﻲﻳ‬ ‫ﻫ ﻲ اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴ ﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺮك اﻟﻤﺎء ﻋ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺎﺋ ﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ اﻧ‬‫ﻧﻔﺎذة‬ ‫ﻏﺸﺎء ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘ ﺔ‬ ‫اﻧﺨﻔﺎضﺗﺮﻛﻴﺰ اﻟﻤﺬا ب‬ ‫ﺘﻮى أﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺎل إﱃ ﻣﻨﻄﻘ ﺔ ذا ت ﻣ ﺴ‬ ‫اﻻﻧ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺰ اﻟﻤﺬا ب‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺘﻨﺎﺿﺤﻴ ﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﻤﻮﻻﻟﻴ ﺔ واﻟ‬ ‫ﺘﺎﻟ ﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺮ ﻋﻦﺗﺮﻛﻴﺰ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻮل ﻋﲆ اﻟﻨﺤﻮ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺘﻌ‬‫ﺘﻢ اﻟ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﻤﻮﻟﻴ ﺔ أو اﻷﺳﻤﻮﻻﻟﻴ ﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻠﻮل‬ ‫ﺑ ﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻴﺮ اﻷﺳﻤﻮﻟﻴ ﺔ إﱃ ﻛﻤﻴ ﺔ اﻟﻤﻮاد اﻟﻤﺬا‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺠﻢ(‬ ‫ﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻮل )‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺑ ﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻴﺮ اﻷﺳﻤﻮﻻﻟﻴ ﺔ إﱃ ﻋﺪد اﻟﻤﻮاد اﻟﻤﺬا‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻮزن(‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﺟﺮام ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺎء )‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻻﺳﻤﻮزي‬ ‫ﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﻞ ﻗﻮة اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻮل ﻫ ﻲﺳﺤ ﺐ اﻟﻤﻴﺎه ﻋ‬ ‫ﻏﺸﺎء‬ ‫ﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺘﻮ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻫ ﻲ ﻗﺪرة اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻮل ﻋﲆﺳﺤ ﺐ اﻟﻤﺎء إﱃ‬ ‫أو ﺧﺎرج اﻟﺨﻼﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺑ ﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﲆ ﻧﻔﺎذﻳ ﺔ اﻟﻤﻮاد اﻟﻤﺬا‬ ‫ﻳﻌ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ Machine Translated by Google ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺘﺸﺎر‬ ‫اﻧ‬ ‫ﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻫ ﻲ اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴ ﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺑ ﺔ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺮك اﻟﻤﻮاد اﻟﻤﺬا‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺒ ﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻴ ﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺬا ب‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘ ﺔ ذا ت ﻧ ﺴ‬ ‫ﺘﺮﻛﻴﺰ ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘ ﺔ اﻟﻤﺬا ب اﻟ ﺴﻔﻠ ﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺘﺮﺷﻴﺢ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺑ ﺔ اﻟﻤﺎء‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎ إذا‬‫ﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺘ ﻲﻳ‬ ‫ﻫ ﻲ اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴ ﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺜﺎﻓ ﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻴ ﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ت( ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘ ﺔ ذا ت ﻛ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺮك اﻟﻤﻮاد )اﻟﻤﺬا‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﻜ ﻲ ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘ ﺔ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀ ﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺎ‬‫اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﻬﻴﺪروﺳ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﻜ ﻲ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺘﺎ‬‫اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﻬﻴﺪروﺳ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻘﻞ اﻟﻨﺸﻂ‬ ‫ﺒﺮ أﻏﺸﻴ ﺔ اﻟﺨﻼﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺮك ﻋ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟ‬‫ﻳ ﺴﻤﺢ ﻟﻠﺠﺰﻳﺌﺎ ت‬ ‫ﺘﺮﻛﻴﺰ‪.‬ﻫﺬه اﻟﺤﺮﻛ ﺔ‬ ‫ﺿﺪﺗﺪرج اﻟ‬ ‫ﺛ ﻲ اﻟﻔﻮﺳﻔﺎ ت‪ ،‬أو ‪ATP).‬‬ ‫ﺛﻼ‬‫ﺘﻄﻠ ﺐ ﻃﺎﻗ ﺔ )أدﻳﻨﻮﺳﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﺜﺎل ﻣﻬﻢ ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮم ﻫ ﻲ ﻣ‬ ‫ﺒﻮ‬‫ﻣﻀﺨ ﺔ اﻟﺼﻮدﻳﻮم واﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻘﻞ اﻟﻨﺸﻂ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮم‬ ‫ﺒﻮ‬‫ﻣﻀﺨ ﺔ اﻟﺼﻮدﻳﻮم واﻟ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬‫ﻧﻘﻞ اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ‬ ‫اﻷوﻋﻴ ﺔ اﻟﺪﻣﻮﻳ ﺔ واﻟﺨﻼﻟﻴ ﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﺎء‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺛﺮان ﻋﲆﺗﺪﻓﻖ اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺘﻠﻔﺎن ﻣﻦ اﻟﻀﻐﻂﻳﺆ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎك ﻧﻮﻋﺎن ﻣﺨ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻔﺮاغ اﻟﻮﻋﺎﺋ ﻲ واﻟﻔﺮاغ اﻟﺨﻼﻟ ﻲ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺞ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺪم‬ ‫ﺗﻴﻜ ﻲ ﻫﻮ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺎ‬‫‪1-‬اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﻬﻴﺪروﺳ‬ ‫اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﲆ ﺟﺪران اﻷوﻋﻴ ﺔ اﻟﺪﻣﻮﻳ ﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪2-‬اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻻﺳﻤﻮزي اﻟﻐﺮواﻧ ﻲ ﻫﻮ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﻼزم ﻟـ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﻨﺎ ت )اﻟﻐﺮواﻧ ﻲ(‪ ،‬وﺧﺎﺻ ﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺮو‬ ‫ﺑﻴ ﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺘﻐﻠ ﺐ ﻋﲆ ﺟﺎذ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﺰﻻل ﻓ ﻲ اﻟﺪم‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺛﺮ ﻋﲆﺳﻮاﺋﻞ اﻟﺠ ﺴﻢ ﻫ ﻲ‬ ‫ﺘ ﻲﺗﺆ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺒ ﺔﺳﻮاﺋﻞ أﻋﲆ ﻣﻦ اﻷﻧ ﺴﺠ ﺔ اﻟﺪ ﻫﻨﻴ ﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺘﻮي ﻋﲆ ﻧ ﺴ‬ ‫ﻧﻮع اﻷﻧ ﺴﺠ ﺔ ‪-‬اﻷﻧ ﺴﺠ ﺔ اﻟﺨﺎﻟﻴ ﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪ ﻫﻮنﺗﺤ‬ ‫ﺘﺎﻟ ﻲ اﻟﻤﺰﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠ ﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻨ ﺲ ‪-‬ﻟﺪى اﻟﺬﻛﻮر اﻟﻤﺰﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻷﻧ ﺴﺠ ﺔ اﻟﻬﺰﻳﻠ ﺔ و‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺋﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺪم ﻓ ﻲ اﻟ ﺴﻦ وﺳﻮاﺋﻞ اﻟﺠ ﺴﻢ ﻣﻌﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺘﻢ ﻓﻘﺪان اﻷﻧ ﺴﺠ ﺔ اﻟﻬﺰﻳﻠ ﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮ ‪-‬ﻳ‬ ‫ﺒ ﺔ د ﻫﻮن أﻋﲆ ﻓ ﻲ اﻟﺠ ﺴﻢ وﻛﻤﻴ ﺔ أﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻀﻼ ت اﻟﻬﻴﻜﻠﻴ ﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪى اﻹﻧﺎ ث ﻧ ﺴ‬ ‫ﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺎء‪.‬‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻮن ﺟ ﺴﻤﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ‪73%‬أو أﻛ‬ ‫ﺘﻠ ﺔ ﻋﻈﺎم ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀ ﺔ‪ ،‬وﻳ‬ ‫ﺒ ﺔ د ﻫﻮن ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀ ﺔ ﻓ ﻲ اﻟﺠ ﺴﻢ‪ ،‬وﻛ‬ ‫ﻟﺪى اﻷﻃﻔﺎل ﻧ ﺴ‬ ‫ﻓ ﻲ ﻣﺮﺣﻠ ﺔ اﻟﺸﻴﺨﻮﺧ ﺔ‪،‬ﻳﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﻤﺎء ﺣﻮاﻟ ﻲ ‪45%‬ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻦ وزن اﻟﺠ ﺴﻢ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢﺳﻮاﺋﻞ اﻟﺠ ﺴﻢ‬ ‫‪1-‬اﻟﻌﻄ ﺶ‬ ‫‪2-‬اﻟﻜﲆ‬ ‫ﺘﺮون‬ ‫ﺗﻨ ﺴﻴﻦ‪-‬اﻻﻟﺪﺳ‬ ‫‪3-‬اﻟﺮﻳﻨﻴﻦ اﻻﻧﺠﻴﻮ‬ ‫آﻟﻴ ﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻮل‬ ‫‪ 4-‬ﻫﺮﻣﻮن ﻣﻀﺎد ﻹدرار اﻟ‬ ‫ﺘﻴﺪ ‪5-‬اﻷذﻳﻨ ﻲ اﻟﻤﺪر ﻟﻠﺼﻮدﻳﻮم‬ ‫ﺒ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺒﻼ ت اﻟﻀﻐﻂ‬ ‫ﺘﻘ‬‫‪6-‬ﻣ ﺴ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ Machine Translated by Google ‫اﻟﻌﻄ ﺶ‬1- ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫‪2-‬اﻟﻜﲆ‬ ‫إﻧﻬﺎﺗﻨﻈﻢ ﺣﺠﻢ وﺿﻐﻂ اﻟﺪم ﻓ ﻲ اﻟﺠ ﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓ ﻲ إﺧﺮاج اﻟﻤﺎء و‬ ‫اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ اﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻮارد‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ Machine Translated by Google ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺘﻴﺪ اﻷذﻳﻦ اﻟﻤﺪر ﻟﻠﺼﻮدﻳﻮم )‪(ANP‬‬ ‫ﺒ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺑﻮاﺳﻄ ﺔ ﺧﻼﻳﺎ اﻟﻌﻀﻼ ت اﻷذﻳﻨﻴ ﺔ ﻓ ﻲ‬‫ﺘﻢ إﻓﺮازه‬ ‫ﻫﻮ ﻫﺮﻣﻮنﻳ‬ ‫ﺛﺮ ‪ANP‬ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺑ ﺔ ﻟﺰﻳﺎدةﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ‪.‬ﻳﺆ‬ ‫ﺘﺠﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻠ ﺐ اﺳ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻂ‬ ‫ﺜ‬‫ﺘﻴﺮون‪ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖﺗ‬ ‫ﺗﻨ ﺴﻴﻦ واﻷﻟﺪوﺳ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﺮﻳﻨﻴﻦ واﻷﻧﺠﻴﻮ‬ ‫إﻓﺮاز اﻟﺮﻳﻨﻴﻦ وﺣﺠ ﺐ اﻹﻓﺮاز و‬ ‫ﺘﻴﺠ ﺔ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺒﺎس اﻟﺼﻮدﻳﻮم‪.‬وﻧ‬ ‫ﺘ‬‫ﺘﻴﺮون ﻓ ﻲ اﺣ‬ ‫ﺛﻴﺮا ت اﻷﻟﺪوﺳ‬ ‫ﺗﺄ‬ ‫ﺒﻮل‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ‪ANP‬ﻋﲆﺗﻌﺰﻳﺰ إ ﻫﺪار اﻟﺼﻮدﻳﻮم وإدرار اﻟ‬ ‫ﺒ ﺐﺗﻮﺳﻊ اﻷوﻋﻴ ﺔ اﻟﺪﻣﻮﻳ ﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺒﻮل( وﻳ ﺴ‬ ‫ﺘﺎج اﻟ‬ ‫)زﻳﺎدة إﻧ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺘﻴﺪ اﻷذﻳﻦ اﻟﻤﺪر ﻟﻠﺼﻮدﻳﻮم )‪(ANP‬‬ ‫ﺒ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺘﻼلﺗﻮازن اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ‬ ‫اﺧ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺺ ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﺪم‬ ‫ﻓﺮط ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﺪم‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺘﻼلﺗﻮازن اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ‬ ‫اﺧ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺺ اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺋﺾ اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺮ ‪-‬اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ و‬ ‫ﺘﻮ‬‫ﺘ ﺴﺎوي اﻟ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺘﻢﺗﻮﺳﻴﻊ ‪ECF‬‬ ‫ﺗﺮ ‪(CHF) -‬ﻳ‬ ‫ﺘﻮ‬‫ﺘ ﺴﺎوي اﻟ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺘﺮوﻟﻴ ﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺪان اﻹﻟﻜ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﺘ ﺴﺎوي؛ اﻧﺨﻔﺎض ﻓ ﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟ‬ ‫ﺗﺮ –ﻧﺎدر –ﻣﻔﺮط‬ ‫ﺘﻮ‬‫ﻓﺮط اﻟ‬ ‫ﺘﺪاول‬ ‫اﻟﺪم اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺎل اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ ﻣﻦ ‪ICF‬‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺎول اﻟﺼﻮدﻳﻮم؛ اﻧ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪار‬ ‫إﱃ ‪ECF‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎء؛ﻳﻬﺪد اﻟﺤﻴﺎة؛‬‫ﺗ ﺴﻤﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺮ ‪-‬‬ ‫ﺘﻮ‬‫ﻧﻘﺺ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺗﺮ –ﻓﻘﺪان اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ‬‫ﺘﻮ‬ ‫ﻓﺮط اﻟ‬ ‫ﺘﺠﺎوز اﻟﺨ ﺴﺎرة‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺮك اﻟ ﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻓ ﻲ اﻟﺠ ﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﺑﺎء‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻬﺮ‬‫اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌ ﺔ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮرا ت‬ ‫‪ICF‬و‬ ‫ﺘﺮوﻟﻴ ﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﺮ –إﻟﻜ‬ ‫ﺘﻮ‬‫ﻧﻘﺺ اﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﺨ ﺴﺎرةﺗﻔﻮق ﺧ ﺴﺎرة اﻟﻤﺎء‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺒﺎ ب زﻳﺎدة ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ‬ ‫أﺳ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺺ‪/‬ﺟﻔﺎف‪/‬ﻧﻘﺺ ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﺪم‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺪﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺞ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺒﺎ ب ﻧﻘﺺ ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ )زﻳﺎدة اﻟﺨ ﺴﺎﺋﺮ(‬ ‫أﺳ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺒﺎ ب ﻧﻘﺺ ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ )زﻳﺎدة اﻟﺨ ﺴﺎﺋﺮ(‬ ‫أﺳ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺒﺎ ب ﻧﻘﺺ ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ )زﻳﺎدة اﻟﺨ ﺴﺎﺋﺮ(‬ ‫أﺳ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺒﺎ ب ﻧﻘﺺ ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ )زﻳﺎدة اﻟﺨ ﺴﺎﺋﺮ(‬ ‫أﺳ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ Machine Translated by Google ‫ﻣﻈﺎ ﻫﺮ ﻧﻘﺺ ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﺪم‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ Machine Translated by Google ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ Machine Translated by Google ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺠﺰ ﻓ ﻲ ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ ‪- FVD‬‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺺ ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﺪم‪ :‬اﻟﺠﻔﺎف‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺗ ﺴﺮع اﻟﻘﻠ ﺐ"‪.‬‬ ‫ﺒﺾ "‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻠ ﺐ واﻷوﻋﻴ ﺔ اﻟﺪﻣﻮﻳ ﺔ ‪-‬ﺧﻔﻘﺎن‪ ،‬زﻳﺎدة ﻣﻌﺪل اﻟﻨ‬ ‫ﺑ ﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺘﺼﺎ‬ ‫‪-‬اﻧﺨﻔﺎض ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟﺪم و اﻧﺨﻔﺎض ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟﺪم اﻻﻧ‬ ‫ﺑﻄ ﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺘﺮا‬ ‫ﺒ ﺔ واﻟﻴﺪ ﻓ ﻲ أوﺿﺎع ﻣ‬ ‫ﺗ ﺴﻄﺢ أوردة اﻟﺮﻗ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫ﺒﻀﺎ ت اﻟﻄﺮﻓﻴ ﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬اﻧﺨﻔﺎض اﻟﻨ‬ ‫‪-‬اﻧﺨﻔﺎض اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﻮرﻳﺪي اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰي‪.‬‬ ‫ﺘﻴﻦ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴ‬‫ﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺒﺌ ﺔ اﻟﺸﻌﻴﺮا ت اﻟﺪﻣﻮﻳ ﺔ )أﻛ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺿﻌﻒﺗﻌ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ت اﻟﻘﻠ ﺐ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ت ﻓ ﻲ ﺿﺮ‬ ‫‪-‬اﺿﻄﺮا‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻛﺮﻳ ﺖ ‪(Hct).‬‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺎع اﻟﻬﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫‪-‬ار‬ ‫ﺑ ﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺒﻮ‬‫ﺒ ﻲ اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰي ﻣﻦ اﻟﺨﻤﻮل إﱃ اﻟﻐﻴ‬ ‫اﻧﺨﻔﺎض ﻧﺸﺎط اﻟﺠﻬﺎز اﻟﻌﺼ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻔ ﺲ‪.‬‬‫ﺿﻴﻖﻲ‪:‬اﻟ ‪-‬‬ ‫ﺲ‪،‬اﻟﻌﻀﻠ‬ ‫ﺒﻲ‬‫ﺘﻨﻔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺼ‬ ‫وﻋﻤﻖ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻔ ﺴ ﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪل‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻬﺎز اﻟ‬ ‫‪-‬زﻳﺎدة‬ ‫ﺘﻤﺎدًا ﻋﲆ ﻛﻤﻴ ﺔ ﻓﻘﺪان اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬اﻟﺤﻤﻰ‪ ،‬اﻋ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻨﺠﺎ ت اﻟﻌﻀﻼ ت اﻟﻬﻴﻜﻠﻴ ﺔ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺿﻌﻒ و‬ ‫ﺒ ﻲ اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰي‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻬﺎز اﻟﻌﺼ‬ ‫ﺒﺎك واﻟﺪوﺧ ﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗ‬‫ﺘﻬﻴﺞ واﻻر‬ ‫‪-‬اﻟ‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺠﺰ ﻓ ﻲ ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ ‪- FVD‬‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺺ ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﺪم‪ :‬اﻟﺠﻔﺎف‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻮي‪:‬‬ ‫ﺒﻮل"‪.‬‬ ‫ﺒﻮل "ﻗﻠ ﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫‪-‬اﻧﺨﻔﺎض ﻛﻤﻴ ﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫‪-‬زﻳﺎدة اﻟﻮزن اﻟﻨﻮﻋ ﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺘﻮى اﻟﺼﻮدﻳﻮم ﻓ ﻲ اﻟﺪم "ﻓﺮط ﺻﻮدﻳﻮم اﻟﺪم"‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺎع ﻣ ﺴ‬ ‫‪-‬ار‬ ‫ﺘﻮى ‪BUN.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺎع ﻣ ﺴ‬ ‫‪-‬ار‬ ‫ﺟﻴ ﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺜﻴﺎن‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬اﻟﻌﻄ ﺶ اﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪ وﻓﻘﺪان اﻟﺸﻬﻴ ﺔ واﻟﻐ‬ ‫‪-‬إﻣ ﺴﺎك‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬اﻧﺨﻔﺎض اﻟﺤﺮﻛ ﺔ وأﺻﻮا ت اﻷﻣﻌﺎء‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬اﻧﺨﻔﺎض وزن اﻟﺠ ﺴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬ﻗﻠ ﺔ إﻓﺮاز اﻟﻠﻌﺎ ب‪.‬‬ ‫ﻏﻼﻓ ﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺒ ﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎردة ورﻃ‬ ‫ﺒﺔ و‬ ‫ﺑﺸﺮة ﺷﺎﺣ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻘﻖ اﻟﺸﻔﺎه‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬ﺟﻔﺎف اﻟﺠﻠﺪ واﻷﻏﺸﻴ ﺔ اﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﻴ ﺔ‪/‬اﻟﻔﻢ‪ ،‬ﺟﻔﺎف و‬ ‫ﺑﻂ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑ ﺔ ﻓ ﻲ اﻟﻔﺨﺬ واﻹ‬ ‫ﺘﺨﻴﻴﻢ‪ ،‬وﻧﻘﺺ اﻟﺮﻃﻮ‬ ‫ﺘﻮرج‪ ،‬واﻟ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺿﻌﻒ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻤ ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻗﻠ ﺔ اﻟﺪﻣﻮع‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬ﻏﺎﺋﺮة اﻟﻌﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺟﻔﺎف اﻟﻤﻠ‬ ‫ﺒﺮ ‪-‬زﻳﺎدةﺗﺮﻛﻴﺰ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻮل ﻓ ﻲ اﻟﻤﺼﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺘ‬‫ﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻤﺨ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ Machine Translated by Google ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ Machine Translated by Google ‫إدارة‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺒﺎ ب زﻳﺎدة ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ‪/‬ﻓﺮط ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﺪم‬ ‫أﺳ‬ ‫لوان تلا‬ ‫إﺧﺮاج‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺒﺎ ب زﻳﺎدة ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ‬ ‫أﺳ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ Machine Translated by Google ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ Machine Translated by Google ‫ﻓﺮط ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﺪم‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ Machine Translated by Google ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ Machine Translated by Google ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫اﻟﻮذﻣ ﺔ ﻫ ﻲﺗﺮاﻛﻢ اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞ داﺧﻞ اﻟﻔﺮاﻏﺎ ت اﻟﺨﻼﻟﻴ ﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻴﻜ ﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﺎ‬‫ﺒﺎ ب‪ :‬زﻳﺎدة اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﻬﻴﺪروﺳ‬ ‫اﻷﺳ‬ ‫ﺒﻼزﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻧﺨﻔﺎض اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻻﺳﻤﻮزي ﻟﻠ‬ ‫زﻳﺎدة ﻧﻔﺎذﻳ ﺔ اﻟﻐﺸﺎء اﻟﺸﻌﺮي‬ ‫اﻧ ﺴﺪاد اﻟﻘﻨﺎة اﻟﻠﻴﻤﻔﺎوﻳ ﺔ‬ ‫‪52‬‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ Machine Translated by Google ‫ﺘﻤﺮﻳﻀ ﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺿﻰ اﻟﺬﻳﻦﻳﻌﺎﻧﻮن ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺘﺪﺧﻞ اﻟ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺑﻂ اﻟﻤﺮﻓﻖ‬ ‫ﺘﻼلﺗﻮازن اﻟ ﺴﻮاﺋﻞﻳﺮﺟﻰ زﻳﺎرة اﻟﺮا‬ ‫اﺧ‬ ch15fluids.T.inter ventions_for_imbalance/ books /NBK591820/table/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺒ ﺐ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺑﺴ‬‫ﺗﻴﻜ ﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﺎ‬‫ﻳﺰداد اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﻬﻴﺪروﺳ‬ ‫اﻧ ﺴﺪاد ورﻳﺪي‪:‬‬ ‫ﺗﺪاء‬ ‫ﺒﺪ ار‬ ‫ﺘﻬﺎ ب اﻷوردة( اﻧ ﺴﺪاد اﻟﻜ‬ ‫ﺜﺎري )اﻟ‬ ‫ﺘﻬﺎ ب اﻟﻮرﻳﺪ اﻟﺨ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺘﺮا ت ﻃﻮﻳﻠ ﺔ‬ ‫ﺑ ﺲ ﺿﻴﻘ ﺔ ﻋﲆ اﻷﻃﺮاف اﻟﻮﻗﻮف ﻟﻔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼ‬ ‫ﺒﺎس اﻟﻤﻠﺢ أو اﻟﻤﺎء‬ ‫ﺘ‬‫اﺣ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺎﻧ ﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﻮر اﻟﻘﻠ ﺐ اﻻﺣ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺸﻞ اﻟﻜﻠﻮي‬ ‫‪54‬‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫ﺒﻼزﻣ ﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫اﻧﺨﻔﺎض اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻻﺳﻤﻮزي اﻟ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﻨﻴ ﺔ(‬ ‫ﺒﺮو‬ ‫ﺘﻐﺬﻳ ﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺒﺪ أوﺳﻮء اﻟ‬ ‫ﺒﻼزﻣﺎ )ﻣﺮض اﻟﻜ‬ ‫ﺒﻮﻣﻴﻦ اﻟ‬ ‫أﻟ‬ ‫ﺒﻼزﻣﻴ ﺔ اﻟﻤﻔﻘﻮدة ﻓ ﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺗﻴﻨﺎ ت اﻟ‬ ‫ﺒﺮو‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺒﺎ ت اﻟﻜﲆ‬ ‫ﺒﻴ‬‫أﻣﺮاض ﻛ‬ ‫ﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻴﻒ اﻟﻜ‬ ‫ﺘﻮﺣ ﺔ و‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺰﻳﻒ واﻟﺤﺮوق واﻟﺠﺮوح اﻟﻤﻔ‬ ‫‪55‬‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ ‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫زﻳﺎدة ﻧﻔﺎذﻳ ﺔ اﻟﺸﻌﻴﺮا ت اﻟﺪﻣﻮﻳ ﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺎل‬ ‫اﺷ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ت اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻋﻴ ﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺠﺎ‬ ‫اﻻﺳ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻨﻮا ت اﻟﻠﻴﻤﻔﺎوﻳ ﺔ ﻣ ﺴﺪودة‪:‬‬ ‫ﺘ ﻲﺗﺼﻴ ﺐ اﻷوﻋﻴ ﺔ‬ ‫إزاﻟ ﺔ ﺟﺮاﺣﻴ ﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﺪوى اﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﻴﻤﻔﺎوﻳ ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮذﻣ ﺔ اﻟﻠﻤﻔﻴ ﺔ‬ ‫‪56‬‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬ Machine Translated by Google ‫ﺳﻤﺎح زﻳﺪان‬