2. Assessment parameters in Paediatrics .pdf

16/09/2024 Assessment parameters in Paediatrics Dr. Mshari Alghadier Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Prince Sattam b...

16/09/2024 Assessment parameters in Paediatrics Dr. Mshari Alghadier Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University PDIA 631 – Lecture two faculty.psau.edu.sa/m.alghadier [email protected] 1 Outline Normal growth and growth charts Assessment of growth starts in newborn Average weight, height, and head circumference Adiposity Developmental consideration Vital signs (Temperature; Pulse; Respirations; Oxygen saturation; Blood pressure; Pain) Physical assessment techniques (Inspection; Palpation; Percussion; Auscultation ) Dr. Mshari Alghadier, Ph.D. 15 September, 2024 | 2 2 Dr. Mshari Alghadier, PhD 1  16/09/2024 Normal growth Growth is the most dynamic aspect of childhood. Height and weight measurements are key indicators of health. Abnormal progression of weight gain and/or height parameters is often the first indicator to the health care provider of abnormalities in growth and maturation patterns. Dr. Mshari Alghadier, Ph.D. 15 September, 2024 | 3 3 Normal growth Growth normally proceeds in a predictable pattern during childhood, from cephalocaudal (head to tail) and proximodistal (near to far). Dr. Mshari Alghadier, Ph.D. 15 September, 2024 | 4 4 Dr. Mshari Alghadier, PhD 2  16/09/2024 Growth charts Use growth charts to compare and identify development and delay https://www.cdc.gov/growthcharts/cli nical_charts.htm Dr. Mshari Alghadier, Ph.D. 15 September, 2024 | 5 5 Assessment of growth starts in newborn Evaluating progress on the growth Gestational age curve and continues throughout childhood and adolescence by Term infant evaluating growth in relation to age. An accurate assessment of gestational Preterm infant age in the newborn begins with the prenatal and birth history. Postterm infant Dr. Mshari Alghadier, Ph.D. 15 September, 2024 | 6 6 Dr. Mshari Alghadier, PhD 3  16/09/2024 Average weight, height, head circumference Weight Height Head circumference Age Average weekly gain Average weekly gain Average weekly gain 0 – 3 months 210 g 3.5 cm 2.0 cm 3 – 6 months 140 g 2.0 cm 1.0 cm 6 – 12 months 85 – 105 g 1.2 – 1.5 cm 0.5 cm Average yearly gain Average yearly gain Average yearly gain 1 – 3 years 2 – 3 kg 12 cm 3.0 cm 3 – 6 years 2 kg 3 – 7 cm 1.0 cm 6 – 12 years 3 – 3.5 kg 6 – 7 cm 2 – 3 cm (middle childhood) Average total gain Average total gain Average total gain Girls 9.7 – 13.5 years 17.7 kg 8 – 14 cm/year - Boys 11.7 – 15.3 years 22.2 kg 8 – 14 cm/year - Dr. Mshari Alghadier, Ph.D. 15 September, 2024 | 7 7 Head circumference Head circumference is a routine part of growth assessment in the first 2 years of life. Tape placed around the head at the point of greatest circumference from the occipital protuberance above the base of the skull to the midforehead or point of greatest bossing of the frontal bone. Dr. Mshari Alghadier, Ph.D. 15 September, 2024 | 8 8 Dr. Mshari Alghadier, PhD 4  16/09/2024 Head circumference Circumference measurement is then plotted on the growth curve specific for sex and age at each well-child visit to determine if the growth pattern is normal. Dr. Mshari Alghadier, Ph.D. 15 September, 2024 | 9 9 Head circumference A head circumference that plots 1 to 2 SD above height and weight on the growth curve or >95th percentile or