Rehabilitation Nursing PDF

Rehabilitation Nursing Presented By: Mohammed H. Shamran Outlines Definition of Rehabilitation Purpose of Rehabilitation Type of Rehabilitation Rehabilitation Team Roles of Rehabilitation Nurses Preventing Complications and Deformities According to WHO...

Rehabilitation Nursing Presented By: Mohammed H. Shamran Outlines Definition of Rehabilitation Purpose of Rehabilitation Type of Rehabilitation Rehabilitation Team Roles of Rehabilitation Nurses Preventing Complications and Deformities According to WHO “ Rehabilitation is the combined and coordinated use of the medical, social, educational, and vocational measures for training and re-training the individual to the highest possible level of functional ability”. Terms definiton Activities of daily living (ADLs): Self-care activities including bathing, grooming, dressing, eating, toileting, and bowel and bladder care. Disability: Restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in a normal manner. Disabilities represent disturbances at the level of the person (eg, bathing, dressing, communication, walking, grooming).  LEVELS of DISABILITY A disability is often classified by level to determine its impact on an individual’s quality of life and appropriate levels of compensation: Level I: slight limitation in one or more ADL; usually able to work Level II: moderate limitation in one or more ADL; able to work but the workplace may need modifications Level III: severe limitation in one or more ADL; unable to work Level IV: total disability characterized by nearly complete dependence on others for assistance with ADL; unable to work  REHABILITATION The rehabilitation process helps the patient achieve an acceptable quality of life with dignity, self-respect, and independence and is designed for people with physical, mental, or emotional disabilities.  Purpose and Goals of Rehabilitation Restoration: Helping patients regain abilities they lost due to illness or injury. Maintenance: Ensuring that patients retain their current abilities and prevent any further deterioration. Promotion: Helping patients achieve their highest level of functionality and well-being. Rehabilitation nursing is a specialized area focused on helping patients regain their independence and improve their quality of life following illness, injury, or surgery. The ultimate goal of rehabilitation nursing To restore function, enhance mobility, and support emotional and social well-being Common Conditions Requiring Rehabilitation:  Stroke  Orthopedic Injuries  Amputations  Neurological Disorders (e.g., multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury).  Cardiac Rehabilitation  Burns Common Conditions Requiring Rehabilitation:  Stroke: Focus on regaining mobility and speech.  Orthopedic Injuries: Post-surgery rehabilitation to restore function. Neurological Rehabilitation  Neurological Disorders: Management of conditions like multiple sclerosis or Parkinson’s disease. Cardiac Rehabilitation Cardiac Rehabilitation: Support for patients recovering from heart surgery or attacks. Drug Rehabilitation  Drug rehabilitation programs involve programs that are designed to make an addict free from the addiction of alcohol, prescription drug and street drugs (cocaine, heroin etc )  The Rehabilitation Team Rehabilitation nursing is a collaborative effort involving a multidisciplinary team: Physicians Pharmacists Physical therapists Nurses (central to the team) Occupational therapists Speech therapists Social workers Psychologists Dietitians Rehabilitation Team Family Roles of Rehabilitation Nurses 1. Assessment: Perform initial and ongoing assessments to monitor progress. 2. Education: Teach patients and families about their conditions, treatment options, and self-care strategies. 3. Support: Provide emotional support and encouragement throughout the rehabilitation process. 4. Coordination: Facilitate communication between the healthcare team and the patient.. Common Rehabilitation Interventions:  Physical therapy: Exercises to improve strength, mobility, and coordination.  Occupational therapy: Activities to improve fine motor skills, self-care skills, and work or school skills.  Common Rehabilitation Interventions:  Speech-language therapy: Exercises to improve communication and swallowing.  Assistive devices: Devices that help patients with ADLs, such as walkers, wheelchairs, and prosthetics.  Patient education: Teaching patients about their condition, treatment, and how to manage their symptoms.  Challenges in Rehabilitation Nursing  Limited resources: There may not be enough rehabilitation nurses or other healthcare professionals to meet the needs of all patients.  Dealing with complex cases and patient frustrations  Patient motivation: Some patients may not be motivated to participate in rehabilitation.  Multidisciplinary team coordination  Keeping up with evolving practices and technologies Preventing Complications and Deformities  Common Complications and Deformities:  Contractures: Shortening and tightening of muscles, tendons, and ligaments, leading to limited range of motion.  Decubitus ulcers (pressure sores): Skin breakdown due to prolonged pressure on bony prominences.  Osteoporosis: Weakening of bones, increasing the risk of fractures.  Pain: Chronic pain can limit mobility and participation in rehabilitation activities.  Common Complications and Deformities:  Spasticity: Increased muscle tone and stiffness, leading to involuntary movements and difficulty with mobility.  Edema: Fluid retention in the tissues, leading to swelling and discomfort.  DVT (deep vein thrombosis): Blood clots in the deep veins, often in the legs, which can lead to pulmonary embolism.  Pneumonia: Inflammation of the lungs, often due to immobility and weakened respiratory muscles. Prevention Strategies:  Early mobilization and exercise: Promoting active and passive range of motion exercises, weight-bearing activities, and functional training.  Positioning and skin care: Regular turning and positioning to relieve pressure, use of pressure-relieving devices, and meticulous skin care.  Nutrition and hydration: Ensuring adequate intake of protein, calcium, and vitamin D to support bone health and wound healing. Prevention Strategies:  Pain management: Utilizing pharmacological and non- pharmacological pain management strategies to improve comfort and facilitate mobility.  Education and patient involvement: Teaching patients and families about self-management techniques, risk factors, and early signs of complications.  Collaboration with other healthcare professionals: Working closely with physicians, physical therapists, occupational therapists, and other specialists to provide comprehensive care.  Evidence-Based Practices:  Early mobilization: Studies have shown that early mobilization after injury or surgery can significantly reduce the risk of complications.  Pressure relief: Regular turning and positioning, along with the use of pressure-relieving devices, are essential for preventing pressure sores.  Pain management: Effective pain management improves patient comfort and allows for increased participation in rehabilitation activities. Conclusion  Rehabilitation nursing is a specialized and vital field.  Nurses play a central role in helping individuals regain independence and improve their quality of life.  Collaboration among healthcare professionals is key to success in rehabilitation. Thank you