1.Introduction to Computer System.pdf

Computer Fundamentals: Introduction to Computer System Learning Objectives…  Meaning of a Computer System  Basic description of the structure and functions of Computer  Computers are Everywhere  Advantage and limitations A Computer… A Computer… A Computer…  Takes input  Processes it acco...

Computer Fundamentals: Introduction to Computer System Learning Objectives…  Meaning of a Computer System  Basic description of the structure and functions of Computer  Computers are Everywhere  Advantage and limitations A Computer… A Computer… A Computer…  Takes input  Processes it according to stored instructions  Produces results as output A Computer (Cont.) The word computer was taken from the Latin – Computare – which means ‘calculate’ Computer is a machine (e -Device) that only can execute instructions that given by the user and operate the data based on the related instruction. The computer will process the data to produce information. A Computer (Cont.) A computer Accepts data Input Processes data Processing Produces output Output Stores results Storage Data Vs Information Data is a raw fact. There are 5 types of data: Text : alphabetic, numeric, special symbol Graphics : picture Audio: any kind of sound Video: a series of photograph frame which record the real Animation: A series of image which is displayed one by one to produce a movement illusion Data Vs Information Data - raw fact Information – data that has been processed and contains meaning.  Computer System All of the components of a computer system can be summarized with the simple equations. Computer System = HARDWARE + SOFTWARE+ USER Data Process Information (HW/SW) Computer System Computer System (Cont.) Hardware = Internal Devices + Peripheral Devices All physical parts of the computer (or everything that we can touch) are known as Hardware. Software = Programs, Software gives "intelligence" to the computer. User = Person, who operates computer. Structure and Functions  Structure :Is the way how each component/unit of computer communicates to each other.  Functions: Refers to the operation of each component which include in a structure. Structure and Functions Peripherals Communication Lines COMPUTER -Storage -Processing The Computer The Main Structure Central Main Processing Memory Unit Computer Systems Interconnection Input Output Computer Functions Four (4) main functions: Data processing Data storage Data Movement Control Computer Every where… Can you imagine one day without Computer??? Computer Every where… Bank Commercial Enterprise Industrial Enterprise Retailers Reservation Systems Offices Education & Research Health Home Marketing Simulation Library Entertainment News & information Social Networking Communications Military Government Various Appliances.. Advantages of Computers 1. High speed : Computers have the ability to perform routine tasks at a greater speed than human beings. They can perform millions of calculations in seconds. 2. Accuracy : Computers are used to perform tasks in a way that ensures accuracy. 3. Storage : Computers can store large amount of information. Any item of data or any instruction stored in the memory can be retrieved by the computer at lightning speeds. Advantages of Computers 4. Automation : Computers can be instructed to perform complex tasks automatically(which increases the productivity). 5. Diligence : Computers can perform the same task repeatedly & with the same accuracy without getting tired. 6. Versatility : Computers are flexible to perform both simple and complex tasks. 7. Cost effectiveness : Computers reduce the amount of paper work and human effort, thereby reducing costs. Limitations of Computers Computers need clear & complete instructions to perform a task accurately. So it is fully dependent. If the i n st r u c t i o n s a re n o t c l e a r & complete, the computer will not produce the required result. Computers cannot think. Computers cannot learn by experience.