IONA Catholic SS G.12 Earth and Space Science - Astronomy Quiz PDF

# IONA Catholic SS ## G.12 Earth and Space Science ### Unit 1 - Astronomy #### Part A: Multiple Choice (Knowledge and Understanding) **Instructions:** Circle the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which branch of astronomy involves the behavior and p...

# IONA Catholic SS ## G.12 Earth and Space Science ### Unit 1 - Astronomy #### Part A: Multiple Choice (Knowledge and Understanding) **Instructions:** Circle the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which branch of astronomy involves the behavior and physical properties of celestial objects using mathematical models? - a. astrophysics - b. cosmology - c. cosmetology - d. stellar astronomy 2. One astronomical unit is equal to: - a. the distance light travels in 1 year - b. the distance between the Earth and the Sun - c. the distance between Earth and Venus - d. the distance light travels light travels in our solar system 3. Which of the following is **NOT** a way to measure distances in space? - a. Stellar Parallax - b. Spectroscopy (measures composition, speed) - c. Absolute Magnitude - d. Cepheid Variables 4. The following are comparisons between emission and reflection nebulae: - i) Both are formed by clouds of dust and gas, but emission nebulae are clouds of ionized gas - ii) Emission nebulae emit light while reflection nebulae reflect light - iii) Emission nebulae are a form of bright nebulae while reflection nebulae are not Which of the above comparisons are true? - a. ii only - b. i and ii only - c. ii and iii only - d. all three are true 5. A star that has a blue-shifted spectrum is most likely moving: - a. toward the earth. - b. away from the sun. - c. around the Milky Way Galaxy. - d. toward a black hole. 6. A star that experiences regular changes in brightness over time is called a: - a. Cepheid variable. - b. supernova. - c. binary star. - d. quasar. 7. A cloud of gas and dust that is dense enough to block light is known as: - a. a planetary nebula - b. an emission nebulae - c. a reflection nebulae - d. a dark nebula 8. The most numerous type of galaxy in our local group is: - a. elliptical galaxy - b. irregular galaxy - c. spiral galaxy - d. smooth galaxy 9. The difference between dark matter and dark energy is: - a. dark matter has been found but dark energy has not - b. dark matter causes the universe to accelerate outward and dark energy allows stars to orbit quickly around galaxies - c. dark matter allows stars to orbit quickly around galaxies and dark energy causes the universe to accelerate outward - d. there is no difference as both are terms to describe the same phenomena 10. Which law is useful for estimating the surface temperature of a star once the peak wavelength of the spectrum has been found? - a. Hubble's Law - b. Newton's Law of Universal gravitation - c. Stefan-Boltzmann Law - d. Wien's Law 11. The Wein's Displacement law states that: - a. the wavelength at which the maximum amount of radiation occurs is a constant equal to 2900 times the product of its inverse temperature. - b. The total intensity of the EMR radiated is proportional to the fourth power of its temperature. - c. the force of attraction between two objects is directly proportional to the product of the masses and inversely proportional to the square of its distance. - d. galaxies are receding from us at speeds that are proportional to their distances. 12. The black lines across the spectrum of the sun or a star are caused by: - a. dark nebula - b. absorption of light by atoms in the star - c. emission of light by atoms in the star - d. planets getting in the way 13. Which stage of the Big Bang did galaxies form? - a. the very early universe - b. the early universe - c. during structure formation - d. atoms have always existed 14. The universe is said to be open if: - I - gravity is strong enough to stop the expansion in a finite time - II - the density of the universe is less than the critical density - a. I only - b. II only - c. I and II - d. neither I or II 15. The final stage for a star which is as massive as the sun is: - a. a black hole - b. red giant - c. white dwarf - d. neutron star 16. M class stars are the coolest in temperature, this means that their colour is: - a. blue - b. white - c. yellow - d. red 17. A main sequence star is stable because: - a. the outward pressure from heat is balanced by the inward pressure from gravity - b. the inward pressure from heat is balanced by the outward pressure from gravity - c. the inward pressure from both heat and gravity are balanced - d. the outward pressure from both heat and gravity are balanced #### Part B: Short Answer (Thinking) Instructions: Answer the following questions in the space provided. 1. With his improvement of the telescope, Galileo was able to see celestial objects with a much greater clarity. State two of these objects he was able to see and explain why they supported the Copernican view of the solar system. [4 T, 1 C] #### Part C: Application Instructions: Answer the following questions in the space provided. # IONA Catholic SS ## G.12 Earth and Space Science ### Unit 2 – Planetary Science #### Part A: Multiple Choice (Knowledge and Thinking) **Instructions:** Circle the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Note that Thinking questions are bolded. 1. Who is known for suggesting the geocentric model of the solar system? - a. Ptolemy - b. Copernicus - c. Brahe - d. Galileo 2. Small rocky objects that are found in the Earth's atmosphere are known as: - a. Meteors - b. Meteorites - c. Meteoroids - d. Asteroids 3. The eccentricity of Earth's orbit is 0.02 while the eccentricity of Eris' orbit is 0.4. This means: - a. Eris moves slower than Earth in its orbit - b. Earth moves slower than Eris in its orbit - c. Eris' orbit is more circular than Earth’s - d. Earth's orbit is more circular than Eris' 4. Kepler's law of velocities states that: - a. the path of each planet around the Sun is elliptical in shape. - b. each planet revolves around the Sun so that it sweeps over equal areas in equal times - c. each planet revolves around the Sun so that it moves at the same velocity - d. the orbital periods of the planets and their distance to the Sun are proportional 5. Which of the following is a statement of Kepler's first law? - a. planets move in perfect circles with the Sun at the center - b. planets move along an elliptical path with the Sun at the center - c. planets move along an elliptical path with the Sun at one of the foci - d. planets move along an elliptical path with the Earth at one of the foci 6. The inner planets are composed mostly of: - a. liquid metal. - b. ice. - c. solid rock. - d. gases. 7. When the Earth’s obliquity changes it means that: - a. the axial tilt changes - b. the perihelion changes - c. the orbit changes like a spirograph - d. the eccentricity changes 8. The asteroid belt exists in a region between the orbits of: - a. Mercury and Venus - b. the Earth and Mars - c. Venus and the Earth - d. Mars and Jupiter 9. The small bodies of matter that were present in the solar nebula while the sun was forming are called: - a. auroras. - b. planetesimals. - c. moons. - d. protoplanets. #### Part A: Multiple Choice (Knowledge and Thinking) **Instructions:** Circle the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Note that Thinking questions are bolded. 10. The diagram below shows a comet as it moves near the sun. A and C represent what respectively? - a. dust tail and ion tail - b. dust trail and ion trail - c. ion tail and dust tail - d. ion tail and dust trail 11. Which of the following correctly describes the position of the sun and the motion of the comet for the picture above? - a. Comet motion to the upper right corner - b. Comet motion to the lower left corner - c. Comet motion to the left - d. Comet motion to the right 12. Which graph best represents the relative periods of revolution of Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars? 13. The Giant Impact Hypothesis is the theory that describes how the moon was created. One piece of support for this theory is: - a. There are remnants of a Mars sized planetesimal on both earth and the moon. - b. Earth and the moon have identical composition of elements. - c. The moon is rounded unlike some satellites of other planets. - d. None of the above support the Giant Impact Hypothesis. 14. Which layer of the sun gives off the visible light normally seen from the earth? - a. core - b. magnetosphere - c. corona - d. photosphere 15. The outermost layer of the sun’s atmosphere is the: - a. aurora. - b. chromosphere. - c. corona. - d. radiative zone. 16. Which of the following is **NOT** a category of exoplanets? - a. gas giants - b. Neptunian - c. Earth sized - d. terrestrial # IONA Catholic SS ## G.12 Earth and Space Science ### Unit 3 - Earth’s History #### Part A: Multiple Choice (Knowledge and Understanding) **Instructions:** Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Answer all questions on the SCANTRON card. 1. The earliest eon in Earth’s history is the: - a. Archaen - b. Hadean - c. Cambrian - d. Proterozoic 2. The separation of Earth’s interior into different layers is known as: - a. chemical separation - b. chemical sedimentation - c. planetary sedimentation - d. planetary differentiation 3. It is believed that in the Proterozoic Eon large amounts of oxygen built up in the atmosphere because: - a. photosynthetic bacteria began to evolve and thus produce oxygen as a by-product - b. the iron ore in the earth’s crust absorbed oxygen until it was saturated - c. the aerobic bacteria that consumed the oxygen was killed off - d. two of the above are correct 4. The principle of uniformitarianism states that: - a. rocks can be dated by the radioactive elements they contain. - b. geologic processes that occurred in the past are still at work today. - c. rock layers that are buried are older than the layers above them. - d. the major geologic features of the earth all formed at the same time. 5. The Cambrian explosion is named this because of: - a. the rapid appearance of many different types of organisms in the Cambrian period - b. a huge volcanic explosion that caused a mass extinction at the end of the Cambrian - c. a giant meteorite that crashed into Earth and caused a mass extinction at the end of the Cambrian period - d. a giant meteorite that crashed into Earth and caused a mass extinction at the beginning of the Cambrian period 6. Which of the following periods is known as the Age of the Invertebrates? - a. Jurassic - b. Carboniferous - c. Ordovician - d. Permian 7. During the Silurian period, a common fauna was: - a. Amphibians - b. Jawed fishes - c. Graptolites - d. Cooksonia 8. Which period is known for ending in a catastrophe called “The Great Dying”? - a. Cretaceous - b. Cambrian - c. Carboniferous - d. Permain #### Part B: Short Answer (Thinking) Instructions: Answer the following questions in the space provided. 1. Explain how the process of plate tectonics works. 2. What is unique about Pangaea? 3. During which period did the first land plants and animals appear? # IONA Catholic SS ## G.12 Earth and Space Science ### Astronomy Quiz **Instructions:** Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. A branch of astronomy that deals with the study of the origin and structure of the universe is called: - a. astrophysics - b. cosmology - c. cosmetology - d. stellar astronomy 2. What was the Sumerians greatest contribution to the study of astronomy? - a. Introduction of the sexagesimal number system - b. Explained universe in terms of tribal gods of earth, sky and water - c. Influenced the Babylonians - d. First suggested a geocentric view of the Universe 3. Which of the following people was responsible for first determining the circumference of the Earth? - a. Aristotle - b. Anaximander - c. Eratosthenes - d. Ptolemy 4. When measuring distances within our solar system, which unit of measurement is best? - a. astronomical unit - b. kilometers - c. light year - d. parsec 5. The apparent magnitude of a star is a measure of: - a. brightness of a star compared to other stars - b. distance from the earth - c. actual brightness of a star - d. brightness of a star as it appears from earth 6. The Stephan Boltzmann law states that: - a. the colour of the maximum wavelength of light corresponds to its temperature - b. the total intensity of the emr radiated is proportional to the fourth power of its temperature. - c. the force of attraction between two objects is directly proportional to the product of the masses and inversely proportional to the square of its distance. - d. galaxies are receding from us at speeds that are proportional to their distances. 7. An absorption spectrum is produced by: - a. heated solids, liquids or dense gases - b. light passing through cool gases - c. hot gases - d. planets near hot stars 8. The spectrum that has bright lines running through it is known as a(n): - a. continuous spectrum - b. emission spectrum - c. absorption spectrum - d. dark-line spectrum 9. A dark-line spectrum tells us: - a. the temperature of a star - b. the composition of a star - c. the size of a star - d. all of the above 10. In the electromagnetic spectrum, which type of radiation contains the most amount of energy? - a. x-rays - b. Ultraviolet light - c. Gamma rays - d. Infrared light # IONA Catholic SS ## G.12 Earth and Space Science ### Solar System Quiz **Instructions:** Identify and circle the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Galileo made several discoveries with his telescope that helped support the heliocentric model of the Universe. Which of the following is **NOT** one if his discoveries? - a. Venus had phases just like the Moon - b. Jupiter had several moons of its own - c. Mars and other planets exhibit retrograde motion - d. The Moon is not smooth but has imperfections to its surface 2. Which of the following can be applied to an object that can be rounded by its own gravity? - i) planets - ii) dwarf planets - iii) moons - iv) asteroids - v) meteroids - a. i and ii only - b. i, ii and iii only - c. ii and iii only - d. all of the above 3. Small solid objects that are in the earth’s atmosphere are known as: - a. asteroids - b. meteoroids - c. meteorites - d. meteors 4. Which of the following components of the solar system extend the furthest from our sun? - a. Kuiper Belt - b. Oort cloud - c. Asteroid Belt - d. Eris 5. In simple language, Kepler’s second law means that: - a. a planet moves more rapidly when near the Sun than when farther away - b. planets close to the Sun have shorter periods than those farther away - c. the Sun is at the center of planetary orbits - d. slowly moving planets are close to the Sun 6. The eccentricity of Earth’s orbit is 0.02 while the eccentricity of Eris’ orbt is 0.4. This means: - a. Eris moves slower than Earth in its orbit - b. Earth moves slower than Eris in its orbit - c. Eris’ orbit is more circular than Earth’s - d. Earth’s orbit is more circular than Eris’ 7. Jupiter has an orbital period of 11.86 years. Use Kepler’s third law and your knowledge of Earth’s relationship to the Sun to determine Jupiter’s distance from the Sun in AU. - a. 1.04 AU - b. 5.2 AU - c. 40.8 AU - d. 140.6 AU 8. Which of the following refers to the change in the axial tilt of the earth? - a. axial precession - b. perihelion precession - c. change in obliquity - d. ecliptic variation 9. Any model of the formation of the solar system must be able to explain what we observe in our solar system. These observations are known as observables. Which of the following is **NOT** considered an observable? - a. All planets lie roughly on the same plane - b. The planets and the sun rotate in the same direction - c. Most satellites revolve in the same direction as their planets rotate - d. Planets mostly have the same composition 10. The condensation portion of the nebular theory explains which of the following? - a. How Uranus has an axis of rotation of 90 degrees to the other planets - b. How small particles accumulate to large rocks - c. How a cloud of gas can begin to flatten - d. How inner planets are mainly rock and outer planets are mainly gas