Microbiology Exam Tests PDF

Which is not a toxemic infection? +relapsing fever tetanus gas gangrene botulism diphtheria Which is not a toxemic infection? +psittacosis tetanus gas gangrene botulism diphtheria Which is a toxemic infection? +botulism psittacosis typhus tuberculosis Which is a toxemic infection? +diphtheria psi...

Which is not a toxemic infection? +relapsing fever tetanus gas gangrene botulism diphtheria Which is not a toxemic infection? +psittacosis tetanus gas gangrene botulism diphtheria Which is a toxemic infection? +botulism psittacosis typhus tuberculosis Which is a toxemic infection? +diphtheria psittacosis typhus tuberculosis Which is a toxemic infection? +tetanus relapsing fever gonorrhea syphilis Which genus does not have coiled bacteria? +Francisella Treponema Borellia Campylobacter Leptospira Which genus does not have coiled bacteria? +Streptococcus Treponema Borrelia Campylobacter Leptospira Which genus does not have coiled bacteria? +Neisseria Treponema Borellia Campylobacter Leptospira The bacteria of this genus are coiled: +Treponema Streptococcus Staphylococcus Shigella Neisseria The bacteria of this genus are coiled: +Leptospira Streptococcus Staphylococcus Shigella Neisseria Gram-positive rods are the bacteria of the genus: +Clostridium Esherichia Salmonella Shigella Francisella Gram-positive rods are the bacteria of the genus: +Corynebacterium Esherichia Salmonella Shigella Francisella Gram-positive rods are the bacteria of the genus: +Mycobacterium Esherichia Salmonella Shigella Francisella Gram-positive rods are the bacteria of the genus: +Bacillus Treponema Salmonella Shigella Neisseria Gram-negative rods are the bacteria of the genus: +Esherichia Clostridium Mycobacterium Corynebacterium Gram-negative rods are the bacteria of the genus: +Salmonella Clostridium Corynebacterium Bacillus Gram-negative rods are the bacteria of the genus: +Bordetella Mycobacterium Corynebacterium Bacillus Gram-negative rods are the bacteria of the genus: +Francisella Mycobacterium Corynebacterium Bacillus Vaccination is administered in case of: +anthrax relapsing fever gonorrhea psittacosis syphilis Vaccination is administered in case of: +pertussis relapsing fever gonorrhea psittacosis syphilis Vaccination is administered in case of: +diphtheria paratyphoid fever gonorrhea mycoplasmosis candidiasis Vaccination is administered in case of: +tetanus listeriosis scarlet fever syphilis Vaccination is administered in case of: +cholera gonorrhea Lyme disease Legionnaires’ disease Vaccination is not administered in case of: +relapsing fever tularemia typhus anthrax typhoid fever Vaccination is not administered in case of: +syphilis diphtheria typhus pertussis typhoid fever Vaccination is not administered in case of: +gonorrhea brucellosis plague tuberculosis Vaccination is not administered in case of: +scarlet fever anthrax typhus tetanus Vaccination is not administered in case of: +borreliosis brucellosis typhoid fever diphteria Vaccination is not administered in case of: +colibacillosis (E.coli infection) brucellosis typhoid fever diphtheria Gram-negative cocci are the bacteria of the genus: +Veilonella Treponema Salmonella Shigella Corynebacterium Gram-negative cocci are the bacteria of the genus: +Neisseria Treponema Salmonella Shigella Corynebacterium Gram-positive cocci are the bacteria of the genus: +Streptococcus Treponema Shigella Corynebacterium Neisseria Gram-positive cocci are the bacteria of the genus: +Staphylococcus Salmonella Shigella Corynebacterium Neisseria Which genus of bacteria has H-antigen? +Salmonella Staphylococcus Shigella Corynebacterium Neisseria Which genus of bacteria has H-antigen? +Esherichia Staphylococcus Shigella Corynebacterium Neisseria Which genus of bacteria has H-antigen? +Vibrio Streptococcus Shigella Mycobacterium Which genus of bacteria does not have H-antigen? +Shigella Vibrio Salmonella Esherichia Which genus of bacteria does not have H-antigen? +Streptococcus Vibrio Salmonella Esherichia Which genus of bacteria has K-antigen? +Esherichia Corynebacterium Treponema Leptospira Which genus of bacteria has K-antigen? +Salmonella Corynebacterium Treponema Leptospira The bacteria of this genus are aerobes: +Neisseria Shigella Salmonella Esherichia The bacteria of this genus are aerobes: +Mycobacterium Shigella Salmonella Esherichia The bacteria of this genus are not facultative anaerobes: +Neisseria Shigella Salmonella Esherichia The bacteria of this genus grow as R-colonies (rough): +Mycobacterium Shigella Salmonella Esherichia The bacteria of this genus grow as R-colonies (rough): +Yersinia Vibrio Streptococcus Salmonella The bacteria of this genus grow as R-colonies (rough): +Bacillus Bordetella Brucella Salmonella The bacteria of this genus grow as S-colonies (smooth): +Brucella Bacillus Mycobacterium Yersinia The bacteria of this genus grow as S-colonies (smooth): +Esherichia Bacillus Mycobacterium Yersinia Bacterioscopy is used in the diagnosing procedure of: +gonorrhea Legionnaires’ disease colibacillosis (E.coli infection) brucellosis Bacterioscopy is used in the diagnosing procedure of: +syphilis Legionnaires’ disease listeriosis brucellosis Bacterioscopy is used in the diagnosing procedure of: +anthrax Legionnaires’ disease E.coli infection (escherichiosis) typhus Bacterioscopy is not used in the diagnosing procedure of: +Legionnaires’ disease anthrax tuberculosis gas gangrene Bacterioscopy is not used in the diagnosing procedure of: +typhus relapsing fever meningococcal meningitis cholera Bacterioscopy is not used in the diagnosing procedure of: +brucellosis anthrax plague cholera A therapeutic serum is used to treat: +diphtheria typhus relapsing fever cholera A therapeutic serum is used to treat: +tetanus tuberculosis plague E.coli infection (escherichiosis) A therapeutic serum is used to treat: +botulism syphilis Lyme disease E.coli infection (escherichiosis) A skin test is used in the diagnosing procedure of: +tuberculosis typhus relapsing fever meningococcal meningitis cholera A skin test is used in the diagnosing procedure of: +anthrax syphilis listeriosis leptospirosis A therapeutic vaccine is used to treat: +gonorrhea tuberculosis plague E.coli infection (escherichiosis) A therapeutic serum is used to treat: +brucellosis syphilis cholera paratyphoid fever Which infectious agent causes a highly hazardous infectious disease? +Yersinia pestis Neisseria gonorrhoeae Leptospira interrogans Haemophilus influenzae Which infectious agent causes a highly hazardous infectious disease? +Vibrio cholerae Shigella flexneri Clostridium perfringens Bacteroides fragilis All these infectious agents except one cause atypical pneumonia. Which one does not? +Streptococcus pneumoniae Coxiella burnetii Legionella pneumophila Chlamydiophila pneumonia Dark-field microscopy is used to study: +Treponema pallidum Escherichia coli Rickettsia Staphylococcus Chlamydia The spore-forming bacteria are: +Clostridia Streptococci Neisseria Salmonella Corynebacteria Which infectious agent causes relapsing fever? +Borrelia recurrentis Bordetella pertussis Salmonella typhi Rickettsia prowazekii Yersinia pestis Which infectious agent causes anthrax? +Bacillus anthracis Corynebacterium diphtheriae Bacteroides fragilis Klebsiella pneumoniae Pseudomonas aeruginosa The first-choice medicinal drug to treat a chlamydia infection is: +azithromycin ampicillin nystatin gentamicin clindamycin Which bacterium produces an enterotoxin? +Vibrio cholerae Clostridium tetani Corynebacterium diphtheriae Bacillus anthracis According to its mechanism of action related to a target cell the Botulinum toxin is: +a blocker of a nerve signal transmission an inhibitor of protein synthesis an activator of the adenylate cyclase system exfoliatin hemolysin The diphtheria toxin is: +a histotoxin an endotoxin a neurotoxin an enterotoxin a leukocidin What is a characteristic feature of both chlamydia and rickettsia? +obligate intracellular parasitism disjunctive reproduction ability to accumulate glycogen the presence of elementary bodies The bacteria of this genus are gram-negative rods: +Shigella Clostridium Treponema Corynebacterium Neisseria Vaccination is performed in case of: +tularemia relapsing fever gonorrhea psittacosis syphilis The bacteria of this genus are gram-positive rods: +Corynebacterium Treponema Salmonella Shigella Neisseria The bacteria of this genus are gram-positive rods: +Mycobacterium Esherichia Salmonella Shigella Francisella Which of the following vaccines is divergent: +tuberculosis pertussis plague cholera brucellosis The causative agent of whooping cough is: +Bordetella pertussis Yersinia pestis Staphylococcus аureus Bacillus anthracis The bacteria of this genus are not gram-negative rods: +Corynebacterium Esherichia Salmonella Shigella Francisella Escherichia coli is grown on the following culture medium: +Endo agar bismuth sulfite agar egg-yolk salt agar Rappaport broth alkaline agar The cultural property of salmonella typhi growth on bismuth sulfite agar is: +black-coloured bacterial colonies with metallic lustre yellow-coloured smooth bacterial colonies green-coloured rough bacterial colonies transparent convex bacterial colonies The Salmonella genus bacteria are: +gram-negative motile rods gram-positive motile rods spore-forming gram-negative cocci The following is used in case of typhoid post-exposure (emergency) prevention for exposed humans: +bacteriophage split vaccine toxoid penicillin multivalent immunoglobulin The vaccine for specific prevention of typhoid is: +inactivated whole-cell vaccine chemical vaccine combination vaccine multivalent vaccine The Escherichia genus bacteria are: +gram-negative motile rods gram-positive motile rods spore forming gram-negative cocci The feature characteristic of E.coli growth on Endo agar is: +red-coloured bacterial colonies with metallic lustre semi-transparent bacterial colonies with uneven edges colorless smooth bacterial colonies blue-coloured matte bacterial colonies with even edges Salmonella pathogenicity factors are: +endotoxin and microcapsule capsule and hyaluronidase plasma coagulase and erythrogenin permeases The following property helps to differentiate between pathogenic diarrhea-causing Escherichia coli and potentially pathogenic Escherichia coli: +antigenic structure the ability to produce endotoxin the ability to utilize lactose the ability to produce Н2S (hydrogen sulfide) The property which helps to single out pathogenic diarrhea-causing Escherichia coli is: +a set of pathogenicity factors being lactose negative the structure of the cell wall production of H2S (hydrogen sulfide) The conditions for the cultivation of Enterobacteriaceae family bacteria are: +at temperature +37˚С microaerophilic conditions anaerobic conditions at room temperature in the organisms of sensitive animals The properties of Salmonella genus bacteria are: +lactose negative, produce hydrogen sulfide immotile, lactose positive motile, do not produce hydrogen sulfide; gram-positive, motile This enrichment growth medium is used to culture salmonellas: +selenite broth peptone water sugar broth salt broth The properties of the Escherichia genus bacteria are: +motile, do not produce hydrogen sulfide lactose negative, produce hydrogen sulfide immotile, lactose positive gram-positive, motile The following medications are used to treat bacterial intestinal infections: +eubiotics and bacteriophages bacteriophages and vitamins antibiotics and immunoglobulins immunoglobulins and interferons The growth medium for salmonella pure culture isolation is: +bismuth sulfite agar meat peptone agar egg-yolk salt agar blood agar alkaline agar This sugar is fermented to acid by salmonellas: +glucose sucrose lactose maltose mannitol Escherichia coli pathogenicity factors are: +endotoxin and microcapsule capsule and hyaluronidase plasma coagulase and erythrogenin permeases Shigellae pathogenicity factors are: +invasive proteins and exotoxin Vi-antigen and endotoxin exotoxin and flagella hemolysin and endotoxin The colonies of shigellae on Endo agar are: +colorless, semi-transparent blue-coloured with the smooth edge red-coloured, convex green-coloured with a metallic sheen All the following are the serotypes of vibrio cholerae except: +Choleraesuis Ogawa Inaba Hikojima Vibrio cholerae forms: +flagella spores capsules cysts The selective growth medium for vibrio cholerae is: +alkaline agar sugar agar saline agar serum agar The morphology of shigellae is: +gram (-) immotile rods gram (+) rods gram (-) motile rods gram (-) immotile cocci gram (+) cocci The following sugar is fermented to acid by shigellae: +glucose lactose maltose sucrose The serogroups of vibrio cholerae are differentiated according to the structure of: +somatic antigens capsule antigens flagellar antigens exotoxins The growth media for vibrio cholerae is: +peptone water selenite broth meat peptone broth salt broth Vibrio cholerae pathogenicity factors are: +enterotoxin and neuraminidase invasive proteins and capsule Vi-antigen and endotoxin leukocidin and endotoxin The properties of the Shigella genus bacteria are: +lactose negative, immotile motile, lactose positive microaerophilic produce hydrogen sulfide The growth medium used for shigella pure culture isolation is: +Endo agar Olkenitsky’s medium Rappaport broth Kligler medium Vibrio cholerae on liquid growth media forms: +a membrane in 6 hours diffuse opacity in 12 hours a membrane in 18 hours precipitate in 3 hours What is a characteristic of Vibrio cholerae growth in a liquid growth media: +forms a film, the broth remains transparent diffuse cloudiness of the broth forms a film, the broth becomes cloudy The test which is used to differentiate between classical and El-Tor biotypes of vibrio cholera is: +chicken erythrocytes agglutination hemadsorption test precipitation reaction complement fixation test This reaction is used to define the antigenic structure of shigella: +agglutination neutralization flocculation precipitation This helps to differentiate between classical and El-Tor biotypes of vibrio cholerae: +sensitivity to specific bacteriophages agglutination of sheep’s erythrocytes sensitivity to penicillin their relation to Inaba serum The Vibrio cholerae bacteria are: +gram-negative curved motile rods gram-positive motile rods gram-positive immotile rods gram-negative motile cocci The selective growth medium for Vibrio cholerae is: +thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose agar (TCBS) egg-yolk salt agar bismuth sulfite agar meat peptone agar The growth medium for Corynebacteria pure culture isolation is: +blood tellurite agar alkaline agar bismuth-sulfite agar egg-yolk salt agar serum agar The property of a pertussis infectious agent (Bordetella pertussis) is: +it needs special growth media it is biochemically active it is resistant to environmental conditions it grows on only simple culture media The vaccine for specific prevention of tuberculosis is: +live molecular whole-cell chemical The staining method used for a tuberculosis infectious agent (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) is: +Ziehl-Neelsen stain Aujeszky stain Gram stain Neisser stain The property of Bordetella pertussis is: +gram-negative small rods large rods gram-positive small rods gram-negative curved rods diplobacilli The volutin granules in Corynebacterium are detected with the help of this staining method: +Neisser stain Ziehl-Neelsen stain Burri-Gin’s stain Aujeszky stain The medication for pre-exposure specific prevention of diphtheria contains: +toxoid antitoxin antibiotic substance aciclovir The colonies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are: +gray with the irregular margin, non-transparent black convex colorless, semi-transparent gray with a metallic sheen The growth medium for Bordetella cultivation is: +Bordet-Gengou agar Wilson and Blair medium Kitt-Tarozzi medium Shkolnikova medium The property of Corynebacterium diphtheriae is: +it is biochemically active it does not need special growth media it is sensitive to environmental conditions it grows on only simple culture media The staining method for Bordetella pertussis is: +Gram stain Ziehl-Neelsen stain Aujeszky stain Neisser stain The growth medium for Corynebacterium culturing is: +Clauberg medium Kligler medium Hottinger medium Rappaport medium The culture medium for culturing Bordetella is: +Bordet-Gengou medium Endo medium Clauberg medium Ploskirev medium The property characteristic of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is: +gram-positive large rods gram-positive small rods gram-negative curved rods gram-negative small ovoid rods The property of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is: +it needs special growth media it is sensitive to environmental conditions it grows on only simple culture media The properties characteristic of Corynebacterium diphtheriae are: +gram-positive large rods gram-positive small rods gram-negative curved rods gram-negative small ovoid rods The medication for specific treatment of diphtheria contains: +antitoxin toxoid eubiotic interferon The optimum growth medium for mycobacteria culturing is: +Löwenstein-Jensen medium Wilson and Blair medium Kitt-Tarozzi medium Bordet-Gengou agar Staphylococci can affect: +any tissue in human body skin and mucous membranes internal organs ears, nasopharynx, sinuses Pneumonia streptococci are: +elongated diplococci surrounded by capsule spherical, assembled in grapes spherical, assembled in chains diplococci in the shape of coffee beans, Gram-negative Meningococci are divided into serogroups according to the differences in: +capsular antigens somatic antigens flagellar antigens cell wall antigens Gonorrhea causing bacteria are: +Gram-negative diplococci Gram-positive diplococci Gram-negative streptobacilli Gram-positive streptobacteria Gram-negative coccobacilli What colonies do pathogenic streptococci form on blood agar? +small greyish with hemolysis small yellow with hemolysis large yellow without hemolysis large white with hemolysis Scarlet fever causing bacteria are: +hemolytic streptococci of serogroup A streptococci of serogroup B streptococci of serogroup C streptococci of serogroup D Gonococcal vaccine is used for: +vaccine treatment creating stable antitoxic immunity creating passive immunity Meningococcal bacteria are: +Gram-negative ovoid diplococci Gram-positive ovoid diplococci Gram-negative rods Gram-positive rods with volutin granules Gram-negative coccobacilli The property of Staphylococcus aureus is the following: +it needs special growth media it is biochemically non-active it has an H-antigen it has a Vi-antigen The bacteria which cause scarlet fever are: +gram-positive, round, arranged in a chain gram-positive diplococci of elongated shape surrounded by a capsule gram-negative, round, arranged as grapes bunches gram-negative diplococci of coffee beans shape The property of Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the following: +it needs special growth media it is biochemically active it has an H-antigen it grows on simple culture media Which diagnostic method is not used for diagnosing cholera? +skin allergy test Bacteriological serological bacterioscopic Which assay is used to determine Vibrio cholerae serovars? +agglutination precipitation complement fixation neutralization Which assay is used to evaluate the toxigenicity of Corynebacterium diphtheria? +precipitation test immonofluorescence assay indirect hemagglutination assay hemagglutination assay The test sample for the microbiological diagnosis of scarlet fever is: +pharynx swabs blood serum urine wound discharge feces The 2-nd stage of colibacillosis bacteriological diagnosis includes: +agglutination assay with the material from 10 colonies precipitation test with the material from 1 colony flocculation test with the material from 5 colonies What do typical Corynebacterium mitis colonies look like? +black small rough-surfaced large black flat glossy grey small glossy black small grayish small rough-surfaced What do typical Corynebacterium gravis colonies look like? +greyish large rough-surfaced large black flat glossy grey small glossy black small black small rough-surfaced Specify the assay which is used to detect antibodies in case of gonorrhea: +complement fixation test; immunofluorescence assay; indirect hemagglutination assay; precipitation test; neutralization test. Choose the serodiagnostic test which is used to diagnose typhoid fever: +Widal’s Bordet-Gengou’s Wright’s Hedelson’s The growth medium for shigella bacteria isolation is: +Ploskirev’s; Olkenitsky’s; Rappaport’s; Klauberg’s. The inoculation of gonorrhea test sample is done on: +serum agar alkaline agar egg-yolk agar liver agar The production of corynebacteria toxin is related to: +lysogenization cord factor volutin granules glucose fermentation microcapsule Streptococci pneumonia in sputum are: +diplococci of elongated shape surrounded by a capsule; round-shaped, arranged as grapes bunches; round-shaped, arranged in a chain; diplococci of coffee bean shape. The pigment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterial colonies is: +green brown black red The immunity after diphtheria is: +antitoxic long-term antibacterial short-term The growth medium for culturing Pseudomonas aeruginosa is: +meat-peptone agar egg-yolk salt agar potato charcoal agar blood-tellurite agar Which diagnosticum is used in Widal test: +suspended dead bacteria sera with antibodies against O- and H-antigens phages preparations animal RBCs The following assay is used to define the antigenic structure of Escherichia: +agglutination assay hemagglutination assay complement fixation test precipitation reaction The Shigella bacteria: +are lactose negative form spores have H-antigen What is the culture medium used for accumulating Vibrio cholerae when isolating it from the pathogenic material: +alkaline peptone water sugar broth saline broth selenite broth What is the growth medium for culturing streptococci? +blood agar beef-extract agar egg-yolk salt agar casein-charcoal agar hepatic agar In case of typhoid fever the source of infection is: +sick people domestic animals the environment Which bacterium does not belong to the main representatives of genus Staphylococcus: +pyogenes аureus еpidermidis saprophyticus All these mycobacteria cause tuberculosis in humans except: +М. kansasii M. tuberculosis M. avium M. bovis M. africanum Staphylococci phage typing is aimed at: +detecting the source and the transmission ways of the infection isolating a pure culture identifying staphylococci detecting antibiotic sensitivity Which medium is not used to detect the saccharolytic activity of microorganisms? +Muller Kliegler Levin Endo Which material for microbiological study should be taken from a patient with suspected diphtheria? +mucus from the oropharynx rectal swabs urine cerebrospinal fluid The pathogenicity of Mycobacterium tuberculоsis is related to: +proteins of the cell wall hemolysin flagella neuraminidase The 3-rd stage of cholera diagnosis includes: +serotypes differentiation inoculation on specific growth media evaluation of the growth features on MacConkey’s medium detection of motility The 1-st stage of tuberculosis diagnosis includes: +inoculation on specific growth media phage typing biochemical properties evaluation electron microscopy The morphological characteristic of Pseudomonаs aeruginosa is: +they are motile they are immotile they are large gram-positive rods they are spore-producing The morphological characteristic of Pseudomonаs aeruginosa is: +they are gram-negative rods of a medium size they are immotile they are large gram-positive rods they are spore-producing Point out the characteristic property of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: +it ferments glucose it ferments sucrose it is resistant in the environment it produces hydrogen sulfide The study material for the bacteriological diagnosis of shigellosis is: +rectal swabs blood urine wound discharge sputum The study material for the bacteriological diagnosis of shigellosis is: +feces blood urine wound discharge sputum Which preparation is used for the serological diagnosis of typhoid fever: +Vi-diagnosticum bacteriophages adsorbed monoreceptor serum non-adsorbed serum The rapid test for cholera diagnosis is: +immunofluorescence assay compliment fixation test indirect hemagglutination assay precipitation test hemagglutination assay The rapid test for cholera diagnosis is: +polymerase chain reaction compliment fixation test indirect hemagglutination assay precipitation test hemagglutination assay This preparation is used for pertussis prevention: +combination vaccine attenuated vaccine divergen vaccine bacteriophages eubiotics The morphological characteristic of Yersinia pseudotuberculоsis is: +they are gram-negative rods of a medium size they produce spores they are gram-negative cocci they are gram-positive rods The antigen of Esherichia coli is: +somatic ribosomes proteins of the cell wall polypeptides of the capsule mycolic acids The antigen of Esherichia coli is: +polysaccharides of the capsule ribosomes proteins of the cell wall polypeptides of the capsule mycolic acids Point out the pathogenicity factor of Legionella pneumophila: +superoxide dismutase enterotoxin capsule lecithinase peroxidase Point out the pathogenicity factor of Legionella pneumophila: +endotoxin enterotoxin capsule lecithinase peroxidase The material for bacteriological diagnosis of listeriosis is: +cerebrospinal fluid urine bile wound discharge The material for bacteriological diagnosis of listeriosis is: +blood urine bile wound discharge The following assay is used for typhoid fever serodiagnosis: +enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay complement fixation test precipitation test hemagglutination assay neutralization test The following feature is studied during the 2-nd stage of the bacteriological diagnosis for scarlet fever: +the properties of hemolysis motility sensitivity to bacteriophages saccharolytic properties Point out Streptococcus pneumoniae pathogenicity factor: +M protein flagella enterotoxin endotoxin Point out Streptococcus pneumoniae pathogenicity factor: +capsule flagella enterotoxin endotoxin This feature is studied during the 3-rd stage of the staphylococcal infection diagnosis: +saccharolytic properties the smears of the study material the properties of hemolysis the growth features on egg-yolk salt agar the catalase test results This feature is studied during the 3-rd stage of the staphylococcal infection diagnosis: +phage types (phagovars) the smears of the study material the properties of hemolysis the growth features on egg-yolk salt agar the catalase test results The growth media for Yersinia enterocolitica culturing is: +MacConkey agar Wilson and Blair’s Kitt-Tarozzi’s Mueller-Hinton agar Point out the antigen of Salmonella genus bacteria: +polysaccharides of the capsule ribosomes proteins of the cell wall polypeptides of the capsule mycolic acids Point out the antigen of Salmonella genus bacteria: +somatic ribosomes proteins of the cell wall polypeptides of the capsule mycolic acids The study material for pertussis bacteriological diagnosis is: +nasopharyngeal swabs rectal swabs wound discharge cerebrospinal fluid The study material for pertussis bacteriological diagnosis is: +sputum rectal swabs wound discharge cerebrospinal fluid The preparation used for the staphylococcal infection treatment is: +antibiotics genetically engineered vaccine antiseptics toxoids eubiotics The preparation used for the post-exposure (urgent) prevention of diphtheria is: +immunoglobulin combination vaccine attenuated vaccine bacteriophages eubiotics Point out the property characteristic of Yersinia pseudotuberculоsis: +it is a psychrophile it needs only special growth media it is resistant to heating it has mycolic acids Point out the property characteristic of Yersinia pseudotuberculоsis: +it has H-antigen it needs only special growth media it is resistant to heating it has mycolic acids The following is not the antigen of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: +flagella lipopolysaccharides of the outer membrane proteins of the outer membrane pili capsules The following feature is studied at the 2-nd stage of listeriosis bacteriological diagnosis: +hemolysis characteristics sensitivity to bacteriophages saccharolytic properties the catalase test results The following feature is studied at the 2-nd stage of listeriosis bacteriological diagnosis: +pure culture smear sensitivity to bacteriophages saccharolytic properties the catalase test results The preparation for the staphylococcal infection prevention is: +immunoglobulins combination vaccine eubiotics divergent vaccine The preparation for the staphylococcal infection prevention is: +toxoids combination vaccine eubiotics divergent vaccine The study materials for the bacteriological diagnosis of typhoid fever are all the following except: +saliva blood urine bile feces The study materials for the bacteriological diagnosis of typhoid fever are all the following except: +wound discharge blood urine bile feces The assay for the serodiagnosis of Legionnaires’ disease is: +immunofluorescence assay precipitation test hemadsorption assay hemagglutination assay neutralization test The assay for the serodiagnosis of Legionnaires’ disease is: +enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay precipitation test hemadsorption assay hemagglutination assay neutralization test The following feature is studied at the 2-nd stage of pertussis bacteriological diagnosis: +the pure culture smear motility sensitivity to bacteriophages saccharolytic properties the results of the neutralization test The following feature is studied at the 2-nd stage of pertussis bacteriological diagnosis: +the results of the agglutination test motility sensitivity to bacteriophages saccharolytic properties the results of the neutralization test The following feature is evaluated at the 3-rd stage of colibacillosis diagnosis: +antigenic properties the smears of the study material the growth features on bismuth sulfite agar the growth features on Endo agar the pure culture smear The following feature is evaluated at the 3-rd stage of colibacillosis diagnosis: +biochemical properties the smears of the study material the growth features on bismuth sulfite agar the growth features on Endo agar the pure culture smear Point out the preparation which is used for the treatment of the meningococcal infection: +antibiotics antiseptics toxoids eubiotics bacteriophages Point out the characteristic property of Bordetella pertussis: +they form S–colonies in 3-5 days psychrophiles they form R–colonies in 48 hours it is resistant to heating thermophiles Point out the antigen of Yersinia enterocolitica: +somatic proteins of the capsule proteins of the pili mycolic acids The 1-st stage of Legionnaires’ disease diagnosis includes: +infecting chicken embryos inoculation on chocolate agar inoculation on meat-peptone agar neutralization test The following feature is studied at the 3-rd stage of shigellosis diagnosis: +the growth features on Kligler’s medium the smear of the study material the growth features on MacConkey’s medium the pure culture smear the results of the precipitation test The following feature is studied at the 3-rd stage of shigellosis diagnosis: +the results of the agglutination test the smear of the study material the growth features on MacConkey’s medium the pure culture smear the results of the precipitation test The growth media for the culturing of Salmonella genus bacteria is: +Rappaport’s medium Monsur’s medium Korthof’s medium Kitt-Tarozzi’s medium Which growth medium is used to isolate Typhoid fever blood culture? +Rappaport medium beef-extract agar egg-yolk salt agar Endo medium Point out the biological properties of Staphylococcus aureus: +ferments mannitol it is a strict anaerobe microaerophile psychrophile catalase-negative The following procedure is held at the 2-nd stage of typhoid fever bacteriological diagnosis: +agglutination assay precipitation test flocculation test detection of phage types The following procedure is held at the 2-nd stage of typhoid fever bacteriological diagnosis: +microscopy of the pure culture smear precipitation test flocculation test detection of phage types The 3-rd stage of cholera diagnosis includes: +serotypes differentiation evaluation of the growth features on Monsur’s medium evaluation of the growth features on MacConkey’s medium detection of motility detection of bacteria’s shape The 3-rd stage of cholera diagnosis includes: +biotypes differentiation evaluation of the growth features on Monsur’s medium evaluation of the growth features on MacConkey’s medium detection of motility detection of bacteria’s shape Point out the preparation which is used for shigellosis treatment: +antibiotics antiseptics antitoxins toxoids vaccines Point out the preparation which is used for shigellosis treatment: +bacteriophages antiseptics antitoxins toxoids vaccines Point out the characteristic property of Escherichia coli: +it forms S-colonies in 24 hours psychrophile it does not grow on simple culture media it forms R-colonies in 72 hours The material for Legionnaires’ disease diagnosis is: +sputum vaginal swab wound discharge rectal swab ear swab The 1-st stage of the staphylococcal infection diagnosis includes: +inoculation on blood agar infecting chicken embryos inoculation on meat-peptone agar agglutination assay dark-field microscopy The 1-st stage of the staphylococcal infection diagnosis includes: +inoculation on egg-yolk salt agar infecting chicken embryos inoculation on meat-peptone agar agglutination assay dark-field microscopy This feature is considered at the 2-nd stage of tuberculosis bacteriological diagnosis: +the speed of the culture growth sensitivity to bacteriophages saccharolytic properties hemolysis features sensitivity to antibiotics This feature is considered at the 2-nd stage of tuberculosis bacteriological diagnosis: +morphological characteristics of the culture sensitivity to bacteriophages saccharolytic properties hemolysis features sensitivity to antibiotics Which microbiological method is not used to diagnose tuberculosis? +biological bacterioscopic bacteriological skin allergy tests serological Point out the preparation which is used for the treatment of the salmonella-caused infection: +antibiotics antiseptics antitoxins toxoids antifungal (antimycotic) medications Point out the biological properties of Corynebacterium diphtheria: +it produces cystinase psychrophile it have 5 serotypes it is aerotolerant The study material for tuberculosis diagnosis is: +sputum vaginal swab wound discharge rectal swab ear swab The preparation for meningococcal meningitis prevention is: +molecular vaccine attenuated vaccine divergent (closely-related, cross-protective) vaccine toxoid antibiotics The following features are studied at the 3-rd stage of salmonellosis diagnosis: +antigenic properties the growth features on bismuth-sulfite agar the smears of the study materials the growth features on Endo agar Point out the pathogenicity factor of Yersinia enterocolitica: +cytotoxin invasion/ aggression enzymes neuraminidase erythrogenin Point out the pathogenicity factor of Yersinia enterocolitica: +enterotoxin invasion/ aggression enzymes neuraminidase erythrogenin Meningococci are cultured on: +serum agar egg-yolk agar blood agar alkaline agar Bacillus anthracis is: +gram+ rod-shaped gram+ coccus gram- rod-shaped gram- coccus gram+ coccibacterium The pathogenicity factors of Yersinia pestis are: +exotoxin and hemolysins hyaluronidase and endotoxin endotoxin and flagella capsule and fibrinolysin The property of Francisella tularensis is: +it needs special growth media it is biochemically active it has H-antigen it grows on only simple culture media The peculiarity of Bacillus anthracis pure culture grown on meat-peptone agar is: +the absence of capsule the absence of flagella formation of flagella the absence of peptidoglycan Pathogenicity factors of Bacillus anthracis are: +exotoxin and capsule hyaluronidase and endotoxin endotoxin and flagella capsule and fibrinolysin Brucella bacteria are: +gram- rods; gram+ cocci; gram+ rods; gram- cocci. Yersinia pestis forms the following structures in a sick person’s body: +capsules spores flagella cysts druses The growth medium for Francisella tularensis pure culture isolation is: +egg-yolk agar liver agar serum agar potato agar The growth medium for Bacillus anthracis cultivation is: +meat-peptone agar egg-yolk salt agar alkaline agar chocolate agar serum agar Brucella pathogenicity factors are: +capsule and endotoxin exotoxin and hemolysins endotoxin and flagella neuraminidase and exotoxin Yersinia pestis is: +gram- rod of ovoid shape gram+ rod with blunt ends gram+ coccus gram- coccus gram+ coccibacterium The property of Bacillus anthracis is: +it ferments gelatin it doesn’t ferment glucose it doesn’t ferment starch it is motile The property of Yersinia pestis is: +it forms rough colonies it is aerobic it grows only at 37С it is aerotolerant Brucella species are all the following except: +В. saprophyticus В. melitensis В. abortus В. suis The growth medium for Yersinia pestis pure culture isolation is: +meat-peptone agar egg-yolk salt agar potato charcoal agar blood-tellurite agar Francisella tularensis is: +gram- rod gram+ coccus gram+ rod gram- coccus Lyme disease is transmitted through the bites of: +Ixodidae (hard) ticks fleas Argasidae (soft) ticks mosquitoes Treponema pallidum (causing syphilis) has this property: +it stains pale-pink with Romanovsky-Giemsa stain it is gram+ it has 20-40 primary coils it has 5-6 primary coils Leptospira bacteria: +are thin light-coloured spiral filaments with hook-like bent ends have 8-12 coils stain pale-pink with Romanovsky-Giemsa stain form spores Borrelia bacteria: +are spiral-shaped with 3-8 coils are thin light-coloured spiral filaments with hook-like bent ends stain red with Ziehl-Neelsen stain are gram+ microorganisms Leptospira bacteria have the following peculiarities on liquid growth media: +no visible changes diffuse opacity membrane and precipitate membrane, transparent broth precipitate, transparent broth Treponema pallidum has the following type of motion: +all mentioned here bending motion forward linear motion pendulum-like motion corkscrew motion Treponema pallidum resistance in the environment: +they are rather resistant to low temperature in humid conditions they are not sensitive to heating they are resistant to sunlight they are not sensitive to drying The serotypes of Leptospira are differentiated according to the specificity of: +lipopolysaccharide antigen protein antigen flagellar antigen Vi-antigen This microscopy technique is used to detect relapsing fever causative agents: +dark field electron fluorescence light (optical) The growth media for Leptospira cultivation is: +Korthof’s Clauberg’s Kligler’s Rappaport’s The differential staining method for Spirochaete bacteria is: +Romanovsky-Giemsa Burri-Gin’s Ziehl-Neelsen Neisser Borrelia in the environment are: +sensitive to drying not sensitive to heating not sensitive to disinfectants persistent in soil for a long time Treponema pallidum pathogenicity factors are: +outer membrane proteins and endotoxin erythrogenic toxin and hemolysins endotoxin and spores capsule and endotoxin The causative agent of epidemic relapsing fever is: +B. recurrentis B. burgdorferi В. melitensis В. pertussis The property of leptospirosis pathogen is: +they form secondary coils they have “seagull wing” bends they grow on simple culture media they form capsules What assay is used as a screening test for syphilis: +compliment fixation test immunofluorescence assay hemadsorption assay hemagglutination assay neutralization test Ascoli thermal precipitation test is used to diagnose: +anthrax plague tularaemia brucellosis The following procedure is held during the rapid test of leptospirosis: +detection of antibodies with the help of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detection of antigens in blood with the help of the hemagglutination inhibition assay detection of antigens in blood with the help of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detection of antibodies with the help of the precipitation test All these methods are used to diagnose relapsing fever except: +bacteriological bacterioscopic bioassay serological The causative agent of endemic relapsing fever is: +B. duttonii B. burgdorferi В. melitensis B. recurrentis В. pertussis The 2-nd stage of anthrax diagnosis includes: +the evaluation of the sensitivity to bacteriophages the microscopy of the “hanging drop” preparation saccharolytic properties evaluation inoculation on meat-peptone agar flocculation test The 1-st stage of brucellosis diagnosis includes: +infecting laboratory animals inoculation on chocolate agar inoculation on meat-peptone agar neutralization test The preparation for anthrax prevention is: +immunoglobulins toxoid molecular vaccine bacteriophages eubiotics The preparation for anthrax prevention is: +live vaccine toxoid molecular vaccine bacteriophages eubiotics Which reaction is used for the serological diagnosis of brucellosis: +Wright test Widal test Ascoli test Wassermann test How is the disease caused by Treponema palladium transmitted: +vertically (from mother to child) through food through water Anthrax bacteria are: +large blunt-pointed rods ovoid rods, exhibiting bipolar staining small Gram-positive rods Which microscopy method is used to detect the causative agent of syphilis: +darkfield microscopy electron microscopy Ziehl-Neelsen staining Romanowsky-Giemsa staining Which arthropods transmit plague: +fleas ticks bedbugs lice What is used for Burnet test: +brucellin pestin anthraxin tularin What morphological properties do spirochetes have: +they are curved they are diplobacteria they are branching bacteria they form of spores What is used for specific prevention of plague: +live vaccine inactivated vaccine toxoid multipartial vaccine specific prevention is not performed This assay is used for Lyme disease serodiagnosis: +indirect immonofluorescence assay complement fixation test indirect hemagglutination assay neutralization test This assay is used for Lyme disease serodiagnosis: +enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay complement fixation test indirect hemagglutination assay neutralization test Which assay is used as a screening test for syphilis: +microprecipitation agglutination hemagglutination inhibition neutralization Which assay is used for the serological diagnosis of anthrax: +Ascoli test Wright test Widal test Wassermann test Which serologic assay is used to diagnose brucellosis: +Heddelson test Bordet-Gengou test Wassermann test Widal reaction Treponema pallidum forms the following structures in a sick person’s body: +cysts spores flagella capsules The property of leptospirosis pathogen is: +it needs special growth media it is biochemically active it has Vi-antigen it grows on simple culture media Point out the antigen of Brucella melitensis: +somatic antigen ribosomal antigen cell wall antigen flagellar antigen Point out the antigen of Brucella melitensis: +capsule antigen ribosomal antigen cell wall antigen flagellar antigen The following procedure is performed at the 3-rd stage of plague diagnosis: +biochemical properties evaluation bacterioscopy of study material smears toxigenicity evaluation antibodies detection electron microscopy The following procedure is performed at the 3-rd stage of plague diagnosis: +phage typing bacterioscopy of study material smears toxigenicity evaluation antibodies detection electron microscopy This preparation is used for anthrax treatment: +antibiotics genetically engineered vaccine toxoids antiseptics bacteriophages This preparation is used for anthrax treatment: +immunoglobulin genetically engineered vaccine toxoids antiseptics bacteriophages The preparation for plague prevention is: +antibiotics combination vaccine divergent vaccine bacteriophages eubiotics The preparation for plague prevention is: +atennuated vaccine combination vaccine divergent vaccine bacteriophages eubiotics This preparation is used for leptospirosis treatment: +immunoglobulin genetically engineered vaccine toxoids eubiotics bacteriophages This preparation is used for leptospirosis treatment: +antibiotics genetically engineered vaccine toxoids eubiotics bacteriophages Point out the pathogenicity factor of Francisella tularensis: +endotoxin erythrogenin enterotoxin superoxide dismutase M protein Point out the assay which is not used for syphilis serodiagnosis: +hemagglutination assay immonofluorescence assay complement fixation test indirect hemagglutination assay enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay The morphological characteristic of Leptospira genus bacteria is: +they are gram-negative they form capsules they produce spores they are branched The morphological characteristic of Leptospira genus bacteria is: +they form cysts they form capsules they produce spores they are branched Point out the antigens of Yersinia pestis: +somatic ribosomal lipoteichoic flagellar The study material for syphilis diagnosis is: +blood serum pleural cavity fluid wound discharge feces The study material for syphilis diagnosis is: +lymph node aspirate pleural cavity fluid wound discharge feces The rapid test for leptospirosis diagnosis is: +enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay immunofluorescence assay compliment fixation test indirect hemagglutination assay precipitation test hemagglutination assay The rapid test for leptospirosis diagnosis is: +polymerase chain reaction immunofluorescence assay compliment fixation test indirect hemagglutination assay precipitation test hemagglutination assay The study material for brucellosis diagnosis is: +blood serum lymph node aspirate pleural cavity fluid wound discharge feces The rapid test for plague diagnosis is: +polymerase chain reaction compliment fixation test indirect hemagglutination assay precipitation test hemagglutination assay The rapid test for plague diagnosis is: +immunofluorescence assay compliment fixation test indirect hemagglutination assay precipitation test hemagglutination assay The 1-st stage of anthrax diagnosis includes: +inoculation on meat-peptone agar inoculation on chocolate agar infecting chicken embryos infecting monkeys This assay is used to detect antibodies in case of relapsing fever: +enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay complement fixation test indirect hemagglutination assay hemagglutination inhibition assay This assay is used to detect antibodies in case of relapsing fever: +indirect immunofluorescence assay complement fixation test indirect hemagglutination assay hemagglutination inhibition assay Point out the preparation which is used for leptospirosis prevention: +vaccines bacteriophages antiseptics eubiotics antitoxins All these are the components of a spirochete cell except: +spores cytoplasmic cylinder cell wall fibrillar motility apparatus The cultural property of Brucella genus bacteria is: +they form smooth colonies they form rough colonies they grow on simple culture media they are psychrophiles The 1-st stage of plague diagnosis includes: +inoculation on meat-peptone agar inoculation on egg-yolk salt agar infecting chicken embryos dark-field microscopy This feature is considered at the 3-rd stage of anthrax diagnosis: +sensitivity to antibiotics the growth features on blood agar the results of the dark-field microscopy spores position Brill-Zinsser disease is: +endogenous relapse reinfection superinfection secondary infection Rickettsia differ from the majority of bacteria by: +the ability to multiply only in living cells the absence of the membrane which surrounds the nucleoid the presence of mesosomes the presence of the internal axial filament Chlamydia have the following property: +they are gram– they have a branched shape they are eukaryotes they cause opacity on liquid growth media. Mycoplasma have the following property: +they are able to grow on culture media they form reticular bodies they have a cell wall they belong to eukaryotes Rickettsia are: +gram– immotile rods gram+ motile rods gram– branched bacteria gram– cocci The property of rickettsia is: +they are obligate intracellular parasites they are gram+ they have cocci shape they are eukaryotes The property of chlamydia is: +they form elementary bodies they have a thick cell wall they are able to grow on solid culture media they have a coiled shape Mycoplasma differ from the majority of bacteria by: +the absence of the cell wall the absence of the membrane which surrounds the nucleoid the presence of mesosomes the ability to multiply only in living cells the presence of the internal axial filament Chlamydia psittaci is a causative agent of: +ornithosis trachoma respiratory chlamydia infection urogenital chlamydia infection Chlamydia trachomatis is a causative agent of: +urogenital infection ornithosis relapsing fever endemic typhus fever Mycoplasma resistance in the environment: +they are sensitive to disinfectants they are not sensitive to ultraviolet radiation they are not sensitive to heating they persist in the environment for a long time The staining method to detect rickettsia is: +Zdrodovsky stain Loeffler stain Neisser stain Aujeszky stain The property of mycoplasma is: +they have cocci shape they are gram+ they are eukaryotes they are obligate intracellular parasites Rickettsia are cultured: +in chicken embryos on blood agar in the anaerobic culture apparatus on serum media The morphology of mycoplasma is examined with the help of: +phase-contrast microscopy light microscopy fluorescence microscopy Chlamydia differ from the majority of bacteria by: +the ability to multiply only in living cells the absence of the cell wall the absence of the membrane which surrounds the nucleoid the presence of mesosomes the presence of the internal axial filament The basic diagnostic method of chlamydia-caused urogenital infection is: +serodiagnostic method bacteriological method allergy skin test Which insects do not transmit rickettsia infection? +mosquitoes lice ticks fleas How are chlamydiae cultured? +on cell cultures on special culture media on blood media The property of Rickettsia is: +thin cell wall coiled shape eukaryotes they are gram+ What is the causative agent of endemic typhus? +Rickettsia typhi Rickettsia prowazekii Leptospira interrogans Serratia marcessens The morphological characteristic of Mycoplasma genus bacteria is: +they are gram-negative they form a capsule they form flagella they are gram-positive Point out the pathogenicity factor of Rickettsia prowazekii: +adhesins flagella neuraminidase spores plasmids Point out the pathogenicity factor of Rickettsia prowazekii: +microcapsule flagella neuraminidase spores plasmids The morphological feature of Chlamydia trachomatis is: +they are gram-negative cocci they produce spores they are gram-positive rods they form flagella Point out the pathogenicity factors of Rickettsia typhi: +microcapsule flagella neuraminidase spores plasmids Point out the pathogenicity factors of Rickettsia typhi: +adhesins flagella neuraminidase spores plasmids The assay used for psittacosis serodiagnosis is: +enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay precipitation test complement fixation test neutralization test The assay used for psittacosis serodiagnosis is: +immunofluorescence assay precipitation test complement fixation test neutralization test These features are considered at the 2-nd stage of the bacteriological diagnosis of the mycoplasma infection: +cultural properties sensitivity to bacteriophages saccharolytic properties sensitivity to antibiotics The conditions for Mycoplasma pneumoniae culturing are: +3 days at37◦ С 1-2 weeks at 25◦С 24 hours at 37◦ С 5 days at 43◦ С 2-3 weeks at 8◦С The cultural property of Mycoplasma genus bacteria growth on a nutrient agar is: +colonies with a raised center black-coloured bacterial colonies with a metallic sheen yellow-coloured smooth bacterial colonies green-coloured rough bacterial colonies The vaccine for specific prevention of epidemic typhus is: +live molecular whole-cell chemical What is used for specific prevention of endemic typhus? +specific prevention is not performed live vaccine inactivated vaccine toxoid multipartial vaccine What is used for specific prevention of psittacosis? +specific prevention is not performed live vaccine inactivated vaccine toxoid multipartial vaccine What is used for specific prevention of mycoplasma infection? +specific prevention is not performed live vaccine inactivated vaccine toxoid multipartial vaccine The morphological characteristic of Mycoplasma pneumoniae is: +they are polymorphic (multiform) they form a capsule they form flagella they are gram-positive they produce spores The study material for psittacosis microbiological diagnosis is: +blood serum urine wound discharge feces The assay used for a chlamydia infection serodiagnosis is: +enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay precipitation test complement fixation test neutralization test The property of Mycoplasma pneumonia is: +the absence of peptidoglycan formation of flagella formation of spores the absence of ribosomes The following procedure is held during the rapid test of Mycoplasma pneumonia infection: +detection of antigens in sputum with the help of the immunofluorescence assay detection of antibodies with the help of the hemagglutination inhibition assay detection of antigens in blood with the help of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detection of antibodies with the help of the precipitation test Chlamydia trachomatis forms: +reticular bodies flagella spores capsules The property of Chlamydia is: +it is not sensitive to environmental conditions it is biochemically active it does not need special growth media it grows on only simple culture media Which diagnostic method is not used to diagnose mycoplasma infection? +skin allergy test bacteriological serological polymerase chain reaction The preparation used for chlamydia infection treatment is: +antibiotics genetically engineered vaccine antiseptics toxoids eubiotics The preparation used for mycoplasma infection treatment is: +antibiotics genetically engineered vaccine antiseptics toxoids eubiotics Clostridia are: +Gram-positive spore-forming rods Gram-negative spore-forming rods Gram-positive spore-forming cocci Gram-negative spore-forming cocci Gram-positive non-sporeforming rods The preparation used for botulism treatment is: +antitoxic serum killed vaccine toxoid antimicrobial serum. Which assay is used to detect clostridia toxigenicity? +neutralization agglutination precipitation complement fixation immunofluorescence Transmission route of tetanus is: +contact airborne fecal-oral through blood Clostridia isolation from the intact material is conducted on: +bismuth sulfite agar alkaline agar egg-yolk salt agar serum agar What is typical of botulism bacteria: +look like tennis rackets small rods large thick rods thin curved rods look like drumsticks The test material in case of gas gangrene is: +wound discharge cerebrospinal fluid feces urine The basic microbiological diagnostic method of botulism is: +serological bacterioscopic bacteriological skin allergy test Cl. botulinum serotypes are differentiated according to the structure of: +exotoxins flagellar antigens somatic antigens capsular antigens Clostridia isolation from the biomaterial is performed on: +Kitt-Tarozzi medium Olkenitsky’s medium Clauberg medium Kligler medium What is a pathogenicity factor of tetanus bacteria: +exotoxin capsule endotoxin pili Choose a rapid test which is used for botulism diagnosis: +enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay immonofluorescence assay complement fixation test hemagglutination assay precipitation test This staining method is used to detect the spores of Clostridium bacteria: +Aujeszky stain Neisser stain Burri-Gin’s stain Gram stain Pre-exposure (scheduled) mass immunization is held in case of this clostridia-caused infection: +tetanus botulism gas gangrene Clostridium difficile infection Transmission route of botulism is: +fecal-oral airborne vector-borne parenteral What is used for specific prevention of botulism? +toxoid live vaccine multipartial vaccine antiseptics bacteriophages What is the toxin of tetanus bacteria? +tetanolysin fibrinolysin erythrolysin plasma coagulase Cl. perfringens serovars are distinguished according to the structure of: +exotoxins flagellar Ag somatic Ag capsular Ag Which growth medium is used for the culturing of anaerobes: +thioglycolate medium egg-yolk salt agar peptone water serum agar What conditions are necessary for the culturing of anaerobic bacteria: +the absence of oxygen in the air the presence of 10% carbon dioxide in the air the presence of nitrogen the presence of 5% oxygen in the air This feature is considered at the 3-rd stage of botulism diagnosis: +the results of the neutralization test the results of the agglutination test inoculation on blood broth inoculation on liver agar The following preparation is used for tetanus treatment: +antitoxins vaccines toxoids antiseptics bacteriophages The following preparation is used for tetanus treatment: +antibiotics vaccines toxoids antiseptics bacteriophages Choose a rapid test which is used for tetanus diagnosis: +enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay complement fixation test hemagglutination assay precipitation test Point out the preparation which is used for botulism treatment: +polyvalent sera antiseptics toxoids eubiotics bacteriophages Point out the biological property of Clostridium tetani: +resistance to the environmental factors the ability to form cysts high biochemical activity they are gram-negative the temperature of culturing is 20°С Point out the biological property of Clostridium tetani: +anaerobes the ability to form cysts high biochemical activity they are gram-negative the temperature of culturing is 20°С The morphological characteristic of Clostridium tetani pathogens is: +they produce spores they are branched they form cysts they are gram-negative cocci they are gram-negative rods Point out the pathogenicity factors of Clostridium perfringens: +exotoxins endotoxins pili cysts The preparations for tetanus prevention is: +toxoids bacteriophages antibiotics antiseptics This feature is considered at the 3-rd stage of botulism diagnosis: +the results of the neutralization test; the results of the agglutination test; the growth features on blood agar; the growth features on Kitt-Tarozzi;s medium; spores position The morphological characteristic of Clostridium perfringens bacteria is: +they are gram-positive rods they are gram-positive cocci they are gram-negative cocci they are gram-negative rods The preparation used for gas gangrene treatment is: +antibiotics vaccines toxoids antiseptics bacteriophages antifungal (antimycotic) medications eubiotics The preparation used for gas gangrene treatment is: +antitoxins vaccines toxoids antiseptics bacteriophages antifungal (antimycotic) medications eubiotics Which epidemiological feature is not typical of leprosy? +the source is rodents the source is a sick person it is transmitted by contact airborne Which biological models can be used for culturing leprosy pathogen? +armadillos guinea pigs rabbits golden hamsters The class of higher fungi is: +Ascomycetes Chitridiomycetes Oomycetes Hyphochitridiomycetes The class of imperfect fungi is: +Deuteromycetes Basicliomycetes Ascomycetes Zigomycetes The morphological (structural) property characteristic of higher fungi is: +septate mycelium they produce zygospores nonseptate mycelium they form mesosomes The pathogenic agents of dermatophytoses belong to the following genus: +Microsporum Aspergillus Candida Histoplasma Mucor The class of lower fungi is: +Zigomycetes Basicliomycetes Ascomycetes Deuteromycetes The free spores formed during asexual reproduction of fungi are called: +conidia sterigmata oospores teleomorphs The property characteristic of fungi is: +they are gram-positive they are prokaryotes they have no Golgi apparatus they are gram-negative they have axostyle The pathogenic agents of dermatophytoses belong to the following genus: +Trichophyton Aspergillus Candida Histoplasma Mucor The growth medium for fungi culturing is: +Czapek medium Klauberg’s medium Kligler medium Ploskirev’s medium Olkenitsky’s medium The class of fungi which does not cause human diseases is: +Hyphochitridiomycetes Basicliomycetes Ascomycetes Zigomycetes The structures which are formed during sexual reproduction of fungi are called: +teleomorphs sterigmata sporangia conidia The morphological (structural) property characteristic of lower fungi is: +nonseptate mycelium septate mycelium they produce ascospores they form mesosomes. The growth medium for fungi culturing is: +Sabouraud agar Klauberg’s medium Ploskirev’s medium Shkolnikova medium Olkenitsky’s medium The conditions for dermatophytes culturing are: +1-2 weeks at 25◦С 24 hours at 37◦ С 5 days at 43◦ С 2-3 weeks at 8◦С Typhoid fever is caused by: +S. typhi S. paratyphi S. schottmuelleri S. typhimurium Scarlet fever is caused by: +Streptococcus pyogenes Chlamydia trachomatis Mycoplasma pneumonia Streptococcus pneumonia Q fever is caused by: +Coxiella burnetii Escherichia coli Leptospira interrogans Shigella flexneri Gas gangrene is caused by: +Clostridium perfringens Bacteroides fragilis Legionella pneumophila Clostridium botulinum The taxonomic status of the epidemic meningitis bacterium is: +genus Neisseria, species N. meningitidis genus Streptococcus, species S. meningitidis genus Neisseria, species N.perflava genus Streptococcus, species S. flexneri The causative agent of botulism forms: +flagella capsules cysts druses The causative agent of scarlet fever forms: +capsules flagella cysts druses The causative agent of Lyme disease forms: +fibrils cysts capsules druses Which diagnostic preparation is used in the Wright test? +suspended dead bacteria sera with anti-O and anti-H antibodies phages preparations animal RBCs Which diagnostic preparation is used in the Ascoli test? +sera with antibodies suspended dead bacteria phages preparations animal RBCs Which diagnostic preparation is used in the Wassermann test? +treponemal antigen sera with antibodies suspended dead bacteria phages preparations human RBCs What is a characteristic feature of Escherichia coli growth in liquid culture media? +diffuse cloudiness of the broth forms a film, the broth remains transparent forms a film, the broth becomes cloudy forms a precipitate without clouding the broth What is a characteristic feature of Shigella flexneri growth in liquid culture media? +diffuse cloudiness of the broth forms a film, the broth remains transparent forms a film, the broth becomes cloudy forms a precipitate without clouding the broth What is a characteristic feature of Salmonella typhi growth in liquid culture media? +diffuse cloudiness of the broth forms a film, the broth remains transparent forms a film, the broth becomes cloudy forms a precipitate without clouding the broth Which preparation is used for the Mantoux test? +tuberculin pestin anthraxin tularin brucellin The preparation used for the Diaskintest contains: +antigens of mycobacteria treponemal antigen sera with antibodies suspended dead bacteria The conditions for the culturing of Streptococcus bacteria are: +microaerophilic conditions anaerobic conditions at room temperature at temperature +4˚С in the organisms of sensitive animals The conditions for the culturing of Clostridium bacteria are: +anaerobic conditions microaerophilic conditions at room temperature at temperature +4˚С in the organisms of sensitive animals The conditions for the culturing of Yersinia bacteria are: +at temperature +28˚С microaerophilic conditions anaerobic conditions at room temperature in the organisms of sensitive animals The conditions for the culturing of Neisseria bacteria are: +microaerophilic conditions anaerobic conditions at room temperature at temperature +4˚С in the organisms of sensitive animals The conditions for the culturing of Mycobacterium bacteria are: +aerobic conditions microaerophilic conditions anaerobic conditions at room temperature at temperature +4˚С The conditions for the culturing of Staphylococcus bacteria are: +aerobic conditions anaerobic conditions at room temperature at temperature +4˚С The conditions for the culturing of Chlamydia bacteria are: +in the organisms of sensitive animals microaerophilic conditions anaerobic conditions at room temperature at temperature +4˚С Neisseria pathogenicity factors are: +an endotoxin and a polysaccharide capsule a polypeptide capsule and an exotoxin plasma coagulase and erythrogenin permeases The pathogenicity factors of the scarlet fever causative agent are: +leucocidin and erythrogenin an endotoxin and a microcapsule a capsule and hyaluronidase permeases Corynebacterium diphtheria pathogenicity factors are: +an exotoxin and a microcapsule an endotoxin and spores plasma coagulase and erythrogenin permeases end leucocidin Bordetella pertussis pathogenicity factors are: +an endotoxin and an exotoxin plasma coagulase and hyaluronidase leucocidin and erythrogenin permeases Leptospira pathogenicity factors are: +plasma coagulase and fibrinolysin spores and a capsule leucocidin and erythrogenin permeases The pathogenicity factors of the epidemic meningitis causative agent are: +hyaluronidase and pili plasma coagulase and erythrogenin permeases and an exotoxin spores and leucocidin Cl. botulinum pathogenicity factors are: +an exotoxin and hemolysins an endotoxin and a microcapsule a capsule and hyaluronidase plasma coagulase and erythrogenin The antigen of Streptococcus pyogenes is: +a polysaccharide of the cell wall proteins of the outer membrane ribosomes polypeptides of the capsule mycolic acids The antigen of Streptococcus pneumonia is: +a polysaccharide of the capsule ribosomes lipopolysaccharides of the outer membrane mycolic acids The antigen of Bordetella pertussis is: +somatic ribosomes proteins of the cell wall mycolic acids The antigen of Bacillus anthracis is: +polypeptides of the capsule ribosomes lipopolysaccharides of the outer membrane mycolic acids The antigen of Francisella tularensis is: +somatic ribosomes proteins of the cell wall mycolic acids The antigen of Clostridium tetani is: +flagella ribosomes lipopolysaccharides of the outer membrane mycolic acids The study material for the microbiological diagnosis of gonorrhea is: +urine sediment cerebrospinal fluid wound discharge feces The study material for the microbiological diagnosis of leptospirosis is: +urine pharyngeal swabs rectal swabs wound discharge feces The study material for the microbiological diagnosis of salmonellosis is: +feces pharyngeal swabs cerebrospinal fluid urine wound discharge The study material for the microbiological diagnosis of epidemic meningitis is: +cerebrospinal fluid rectal swabs urine wound discharge feces The study materials for the microbiological diagnosis of anthrax are all the following ones except: +cerebrospinal fluid blood urine sputum wound discharge feces The study material for the microbiological diagnosis of cholera is: +feces pharyngeal swabs cerebrospinal fluid sputum wound discharge The study material for the microbiological diagnosis of tetanus is: +blood serum pharyngeal swabs urine sputum feces The rapid test for scarlet fever diagnosis is: +enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) compliment fixation test indirect hemagglutination assay precipitation test hemagglutination assay The rapid test for tuberculosis diagnosis is: +polymerase chain reaction compliment fixation test indirect hemagglutination assay precipitation test hemagglutination assay The rapid test for epidemic meningitis diagnosis is: +latex agglutination assay immunofluorescence assay compliment fixation test indirect hemagglutination assay precipitation test The rapid test for tularemia diagnosis is: +immunofluorescence assay compliment fixation test indirect hemagglutination assay precipitation test hemagglutination assay The rapid test for typhus diagnosis is: +enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) precipitation test hemagglutination assay hemadsorption assay neutralization test The assay for the serodiagnosis of pertussis is: +agglutination assay immunofluorescence assay precipitation test hemadsorption assay neutralization test The assay for the serodiagnosis of epidemic meningitis is: +indirect hemagglutination assay precipitation test hemadsorption assay hemagglutination assay neutralization test The assay for the serodiagnosis of tularemia is: +indirect hemagglutination assay precipitation test hemadsorption assay hemagglutination assay neutralization test The assays for the serodiagnosis of typhus are all the ones mentioned below except: +precipitation test indirect hemagglutination assay agglutination assay compliment fixation test enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) The preparation for gonorrhea prevention is: +specific prevention is not performed a combination vaccine eubiotics a divergent vaccine toxoids The preparation for scarlet fever prevention is: +specific prevention is not performed a combination vaccine eubiotics a divergent vaccine toxoids The preparation for the pneumococcal infection prevention is: +an inactivated vaccine immunoglobulins eubiotics a divergent vaccine toxoids The preparation for pertussis prevention is: +an inactivated vaccine immunoglobulins eubiotics a divergent vaccine specific prevention is not performed The preparation for syphilis prevention is: +specific prevention is not performed a combination vaccine eubiotics a divergent vaccine toxoids The preparation for salmonellosis prevention is: +bacteriophages an inactivated vaccine a multipartial vaccine immunoglobulins The preparation for shigellosis prevention is: +bacteriophages immunoglobulins toxoids antiseptics a divergent vaccine The preparation for brucellosis prevention is: +a live vaccine specific prevention is not performed toxoids antiseptics The preparation for tularemia prevention is: +a live vaccine specific prevention is not performed toxoids eubiotics antiseptics The preparation for cholera prevention is: +an inactivated vaccine eubiotics a divergent vaccine specific prevention is not performed a toxoid (anatoxin) The preparation for relapsing fever prevention is: +specific prevention is not performed a combination vaccine eubiotics a divergent vaccine toxoids Point out the preparation which is used for scarlet fever treatment: +antibiotics antiseptics toxoids vaccines Point out the preparation which is used for pertussis treatment: +antibiotics antiseptics eubiotics toxoids vaccines Point out the preparation which is used for tuberculosis treatment: +antibiotics antiseptics eubiotics toxoids vaccines Point out the preparation which is used for shigellosis treatment: +bacteriophages immunoglobulins toxoids antiseptics a divergent vaccine Which is not a toxemic infection? +relapsing fever tetanus gas gangrene botulism diphtheria Which is not a toxemic infection? +psittacosis tetanus gas gangrene botulism diphtheria Which is a toxemic infection? +botulism psittacosis typhus tuberculosis Which is a toxemic infection? +diphtheria psittacosis typhus tuberculosis Which is a toxemic infection? +tetanus relapsing fever gonorrhea syphilis Which genus does not have coiled bacteria? +Francisella Treponema Borellia Campylobacter Leptospira Which genus does not have coiled bacteria? +Streptococcus Treponema Borrelia Campylobacter Leptospira Which genus does not have coiled bacteria? +Neisseria Treponema Borellia Campylobacter Leptospira The bacteria of this genus are coiled: +Treponema Streptococcus Staphylococcus Shigella Neisseria The bacteria of this genus are coiled: +Leptospira Streptococcus Staphylococcus Shigella Neisseria Which is a bacterial infection? +scarlet fever rabies yellow fever chickenpox tick-borne encephalitis Which is a bacterial infection? +pertussis rabies hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome chickenpox tick-borne encephalitis Which is a bacterial infection? +relapsing fever rabies yellow fever measles tick-borne encephalitis Which is a bacterial infection? +anthrax influenza yellow fever chicken pox tick-borne encephalitis Which is a bacterial infection? +syphilis infectious mononucleosis yellow fever chicken pox tick-borne encephalitis Which is a bacterial infection? +typhoid fever rabies yellow fever chicken pox rubella Which is a bacterial infection? +Q-fever poliomyelitis yellow fever Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever tick-borne encephalitis Which is a bacterial infection? +Lyme disease AIDS yellow fever smallpox tick-borne encephalitis Which is a bacterial infection? +tularemia rubella measles chickenpox rabies Which is a bacterial infection? +parapertussis rabies yellow fever chickenpox tick-borne encephalitis Which is not a bacterial infection? +rabies scarlet fever pertussis typhus relapsing fever Which is not a bacterial infection? +chickenpox typhoid fever pertussis typhus Which is not a bacterial infection? +yellow fever Boutonneuse fever parapertussis relapsing fever Which is not a bacterial infection? +tick-borne encephalitis meningococcal meningitis tuberculosis anthrax Which is not a bacterial infection? +rubella pertussis listeriosis Legionnaires’ disease Which is not a bacterial infection? +poliomyelitis syphilis gonorrhea typhus relapsing fever Which is not a bacterial infection? +influenza tuberculosis diphtheria pertussis Which is not a bacterial infection? +infectious mononucleosis meningococcal meningitis botulism gas gangrene Which is not a bacterial infection? +mumps meningococcal meningitis relapsing fever tick-borne rickettsial disease Gram-positive rods are the bacteria of the genus: +Clostridium Esherichia Salmonella Shigella Francisella Gram-positive rods are the bacteria of the genus: +Corynebacterium Esherichia Salmonella Shigella Francisella Gram-positive rods are the bacteria of the genus: +Mycobacterium Esherichia Salmonella Shigella Francisella Gram-positive rods are the bacteria of the genus: +Bacillus Treponema Salmonella Shigella Neisseria Gram-negative rods are the bacteria of the genus: +Esherichia Clostridium Mycobacterium Corynebacterium Gram-negative rods are the bacteria of the genus: +Salmonella Clostridium Corynebacterium Bacillus Gram-negative rods are the bacteria of the genus: +Bordetella Mycobacterium Corynebacterium Bacillus Gram-negative rods are the bacteria of the genus: +Francisella Mycobacterium Corynebacterium Bacillus Vaccination is administered in case of: +anthrax relapsing fever gonorrhea psittacosis syphilis Vaccination is administered in case of: +pertussis relapsing fever gonorrhea psittacosis syphilis Vaccination is administered in case of: +diphtheria paratyphoid fever gonorrhea mycoplasmosis candidiasis Vaccination is administered in case of: +tetanus listeriosis scarlet fever syphilis Vaccination is administered in case of: +cholera gonorrhea Lyme disease Legionnaires’ disease Vaccination is not administered in case of: +relapsing fever tularemia typhus anthrax typhoid fever Vaccination is not administered in case of: +syphilis diphtheria typhus pertussis typhoid fever Vaccination is not administered in case of: +gonorrhea brucellosis plague tuberculosis Vaccination is not administered in case of: +scarlet fever anthrax typhus tetanus Vaccination is not administered in case of: +borreliosis brucellosis typhoid fever diphteria Vaccination is not administered in case of: +colibacillosis (E.coli infection) brucellosis typhoid fever diphtheria Gram-negative cocci are the bacteria of the genus: +Veilonella Treponema Salmonella Shigella Corynebacterium Gram-negative cocci are the bacteria of the genus: +Neisseria Treponema Salmonella Shigella Corynebacterium Gram-positive cocci are the bacteria of the genus: +Streptococcus Treponema Shigella Corynebacterium Neisseria Gram-positive cocci are the bacteria of the genus: +Staphylococcus Salmonella Shigella Corynebacterium Neisseria Which genus of bacteria has H-antigen? +Salmonella Staphylococcus Shigella Corynebacterium Neisseria Which genus of bacteria has H-antigen? +Esherichia Staphylococcus Shigella Corynebacterium Neisseria Which genus of bacteria has H-antigen? +Vibrio Streptococcus Shigella Mycobacterium Which genus of bacteria does not have H-antigen? +Shigella Vibrio Salmonella Esherichia Which genus of bacteria does not have H-antigen? +Streptococcus Vibrio Salmonella Esherichia Which genus of bacteria has K-antigen? +Esherichia Corynebacterium Treponema Leptospira Which genus of bacteria has K-antigen? +Salmonella Corynebacterium Treponema Leptospira The bacteria of this genus are aerobes: +Neisseria Shigella Salmonella Esherichia The bacteria of this genus are aerobes: +Mycobacterium Shigella Salmonella Esherichia The bacteria of this genus are not facultative anaerobes: +Neisseria Shigella Salmonella Esherichia The bacteria of this genus grow as R-colonies (rough): +Mycobacterium Shigella Salmonella Esherichia The bacteria of this genus grow as R-colonies (rough): +Yersinia Vibrio Streptococcus Salmonella The bacteria of this genus grow as R-colonies (rough): +Bacillus Bordetella Brucella Salmonella The bacteria of this genus grow as S-colonies (smooth): +Brucella Bacillus Mycobacterium Yersinia The bacteria of this genus grow as S-colonies (smooth): +Esherichia Bacillus Mycobacterium Yersinia Bacterioscopy is used in the diagnosing procedure of: +gonorrhea Legionnaires’ disease colibacillosis (E.coli infection) brucellosis Bacterioscopy is used in the diagnosing procedure of: +syphilis Legionnaires’ disease listeriosis brucellosis Bacterioscopy is used in the diagnosing procedure of: +anthrax Legionnaires’ disease E.coli infection (escherichiosis) typhus Bacterioscopy is not used in the diagnosing procedure of: +Legionnaires’ disease anthrax tuberculosis gas gangrene Bacterioscopy is not used in the diagnosing procedure of: +typhus relapsing fever meningococcal meningitis cholera Bacterioscopy is not used in the diagnosing procedure of: +brucellosis anthrax plague cholera A therapeutic serum is used to treat: +diphtheria typhus relapsing fever cholera A therapeutic serum is used to treat: +tetanus tuberculosis plague E.coli infection (escherichiosis) A therapeutic serum is used to treat: +botulism brucellosis Lyme disease E.coli infection (escherichiosis) A skin test is used in the diagnosing procedure of: +tuberculosis typhus relapsing fever meningococcal meningitis cholera A skin test is used in the diagnosing procedure of: +anthrax syphilis listeriosis leptospirosis A therapeutic vaccine is used to treat: +gonorrhea tuberculosis plague E.coli infection (escherichiosis) A therapeutic serum is used to treat: +brucellosis diphtheria cholera paratyphoid fever Which infectious agent causes a highly hazardous infectious disease? +Yersinia pestis Neisseria gonorrhoeae Leptospira interrogans Haemophilus influenzae Which infectious agent causes a highly hazardous infectious disease? +Vibrio cholerae Shigella flexneri Clostridium perfringens Bacteroides fragilis All these infectious agents except one cause atypical pneumonia. Which one does not? +Streptococcus pneumoniae Coxiella burnetii Legionella pneumophila Chlamydiophila pneumonia Dark-field microscopy is used to study: +Treponema pallidum Escherichia coli Rickettsia Staphylococcus Chlamydia The spore-forming bacteria are: +Clostridia Streptococci Neisseria Salmonella Corynebacteria Which infectious agent causes relapsing fever? +Borrelia recurrentis Bordetella pertussis Salmonella typhi Rickettsia prowazekii Yersinia pestis Which infectious agent causes anthrax? +Bacillus anthracis Corynebacterium diphtheriae Bacteroides fragilis Klebsiella pneumoniae Pseudomonas aeruginosa The first-choice medicinal drug to treat a chlamydia infection is: +azithromycin ampicillin nystatin gentamicin clindamycin Which bacterium produces an enterotoxin? +Vibrio cholerae Clostridium tetani Corynebacterium diphtheriae Bacillus anthracis According to its mechanism of action related to a target cell the Botulinum toxin is: +a blocker of a nerve signal transmission an inhibitor of protein synthesis an activator of the adenylate cyclase system exfoliatin hemolysin The diphtheria toxin is: +a histotoxin an endotoxin a neurotoxin an enterotoxin a leukocidin Which are viral infections? +yellow fever and tick-borne encephalitis Lyme disease and scarlet fever pertussis and meningococcal meningitis psittacosis and typhus Which are not viral infections? +Lyme disease and scarlet fever mumps and measles rabies and poliomyelitis yellow fever and tick-borne encephalitis What is a characteristic feature of both chlamydia and rickettsia? +obligate intracellular parasitism disjunctive reproduction ability to accumulate glycogen the presence of elementary bodies Which scientist is the founder of the physiological approach in microbiology? +L. Pasteur A. van Leeuwenhoek L.A. Zilber P. Ehrlich D. I. Ivanovsky Which scientist is the founder of the physiological approach in microbiology? +R.Koch I. I. Mechnikov P. Ehrlich A.A. Smorodintsev N.A. Krasilnikov Which scientist is the founder of immunology? +I.I. Mechnikov L. Pasteur L.A. Zilber R.Koch D. I. Ivanovsky Which scientist is the founder of immunology? +P. Ehrlich E. Jenner H.M. Temin A. van Leeuwenhoek N.A. Krasilnikov Who discovered microbes? +A. van Leeuwenhoek Hippocrates Lucretius L. Pasteur R.Koch Who developed the bacteriological method (the technique of growing bacteria) and introduced it into the field of microbiology? +R.Koch A. van Leeuwenhoek L. Pasteur Z.V. Yermolyeva I.I. Mechnikov A. van Leeuwenhoek is known for: +the invention of the first microscope the discovery of viruses the discovery of fermentation the discovery of phagocytosis producing a rabies vaccine Preventive vaccines against the smallpox were firstly invented by: +E. Jenner L. Pasteur A. van Leeuwenhoek Hippocrates R. Koch. Who discovered Vibrio cholerae? +Koch Hansen Loeffler Pasteur Eberth Who discovered the typhoid bacillus? +Eberth Hansen Loeffler Koch Pasteur Who discovered the tuberculosis pathogen? +R. Koch I.I. Mechnikov F. Loeffler L. Pasteur N.A. Krasilnikov Who introduced heating up to 120 °С in a steam generator as a sterilization technique? +L. Pasteur R. Koch Sh. Kitasato J. Lister N.I. Pirogov Fermentation was discovered by: +L. Pasteur A. van Leeuwenhoek I.I. Mechnikov R.Koch D.I. Ivanovsky Which scientist is known for developing vaccine production techniques as well as prevention methods against anthrax and rabies? +L. Pasteur A. van Leeuwenhoek I.I. Mechnikov R.Koch D.I. Ivanovsky Who introduced the theory of normal microflora? +I.I. Mechnikov P.V. Tsiklinskaya L.G. Peretz R. Koch D.I. Ivanovsky D.I. Ivanovsky is known for: +the discovery of viruses the discovery of fermentation the invention of the first microscope the discovery of phagocytosis the production of the rabies vaccine Louis Pasteur is known for: +the production of the rabies vaccine the discovery of phagocytosis the introduction of the pure bacterial culture isolation technique the invention of the first microscope the discovery of viruses The microbial nature of fermentation was discovered by: +L. Pasteur E. Haeckel R. Hooke I.I. Mechnikov R.Koch Who developed the production of attenuated (weakened) microorganisms strains? +L. Pasteur E. Jenner R.Koch P. Ehrlich D. Bergey Who introduced the differential staining technique based on the cell wall composition? +H. Gram A. van Leeuwenhoek R.Koch L. Pasteur I.I. Mechnikov Who discovered antibiotics? +A. Fleming L. Pasteur R. Koch D.K. Zabolotny D.I. Ivanovsky Who introduced chemotherapy first? +Ehrlich Domagk Woodson Pasteur Bacteria are measured in: +micrometres millimetres nanometres centimetres angstroms The resolving power of an optical microscope is: +the capacity to show the separate images of two points which are close together the capacity to observe the movement of an object the capacity to determine the size of an object the indicator of the refraction of the immersion system the indicator of the magnification of an object The magnification of an optical microscope equals: +the magnification of the objective lens multiplied by the magnification of the eyepiece the difference between the magnification of the objective lens and the magnification of the eyepiece the sum of the magnification of the objective lens and the magnification of the eyepiece the magnification of the objective lens the magnification of the eyepiece The optical components of an optical microscope include everything except: +tube condenser objective lens eyepiece collector Which microorganisms are gram-negative? +meningococci streptococci corynebacteria actinomyces bacilli Which microorganisms are gram-negative? +gonococci staphylococci clostridia mycoplasma fungi Which microorganisms are gram-negative? +chlamydia pneumococci bifidobacteria mycobacteria actinomyces Which microorganisms are gram-positive? +streptococci meningococci borrelia Vibrio cholerae E.coli Which microorganisms are gram-positive? +mycobacteria chlamydia spirochetes gonococci mycoplasma Which microorganisms are gram-positive? +pneumococci treponema shigella rickettsiach gonococci The distinctive feature of gram-negative bacteria is: +they stain red in the Gram-staining method there are teichoic acids in their cell wall they stain the blue-violet in the Gram-staining method the basic component of their cell wall is a peptidoglycan there are lipoteichoic acids in their cell wall The distinctive feature of gram-positive bacteria is: + they stain the blue-violet in the Gram-staining method they stain red in the Gram-staining method the basic component of their cell wall is a lipopolysaccharide their cell wall is O-antigen they do not have a multilayered peptidoglycan The structure which prevents discoloration in gram-positive bacteria is a: +cell wall outer membrane lipopolysaccharide plasma membrane capsule The basic taxonomic unit in microbiology is: +species kingdom class order family The basic taxon of prokaryotes is: +species strain clone genus family What is the proper order of taxonomic units from the largest to the smallest: +kingdom, order, class, family, genus, species kingdom, species, family, class, order kingdom, family, order, genus, species kingdom, species, genus, family, class, order The basic principle of Bergey’s identification of bacteria is: +according to the composition of the cell wall and Gram-staining according to the virulence degree according to the antibiotic sensitivity according to the relation to molecular oxygen according to the presence of the nucleus What is the strain of microorganisms? +an identified pure culture of a certain microorganism species the total number of offspring which have been grown from one microbial cell the total number of bacteria which have grown on a growth medium the total number of bacteria which are visible during the microscopy of native material a population of microorganisms which inhabit one biotope A clone is: +a genetically homogenous pure culture of microorganisms which have originated from one cell a set of phenotypically and genetically similar strains of microbes an archival strain a set of microbes with low heterogeneity degree which have the same origin a population of one bacterial species which has been grown on the same growth medium in an isolated colony A pure culture is a bacterial population of one: +species morphovar biovar serotype chemotype A species is a population of microorganisms which are similar in everything except: +sexual reproduction morphology biochemical activity antigenic properties pathogenicity A population of microorganisms which has been grown from one cell on a solid growth medium is a: +colony strain biovar pure culture serotype A population of microorganisms of one species is a: +pure culture strain colony biovar serotype A population of microorganisms produced from one microbial cell is a: +clone strain colony pure culture phagovar A variation within a species of microorganisms is a/an: +serotype strain clone isolate domain The basic shapes of microorganisms are: +cocci, rods, spiral, branching bacilli, bacteria cocci, rods, mycoplasma diplococci, streptococci, staphylococci clostridia, bacilli Spiral bacteria include: +borrelia bacilli actinomyces streptococci pseudomonas Spiral bacteria include: +spirilla clostridia mycobacteria staphylococci E. coli Spiral bacteria include all the ones mentioned below except: +rickettsia treponema borrelia leptospira Diplococci include: +meningococci Preudomonas aeruginosa (blue-pus bacillus) bacilli mycobacteria shigella Diplococci include: +gonococci E.coli clostridia listeria staphylococci All the bacteria mentioned below are rod-shaped except: +streptococci bacilli clostridia coccobacteria enterobacteria All the bacteria mentioned below are spherical except: +coccobacteria staphylococci streptococci pneumococci sarcinae Which bacteria are arranged as grape-like clusters? +staphylococci meningococci streptococci tetracocci pneumococci Streptoccci are: +chain-forming cocci grape-like clusters of cocci packet-forming cocci defective cocci gram-negative cocci Streptococci are: +gram-positive cocci arranged in pairs and in a chain gram-negative cocci arranged in pairs and in a chain gram-positive cocci arranged as grape-like clusters gram-negative cocci arranged as grape-like clusters spore-forming gram-positive cocci Sarcinae are: +packet-forming cocci grape-like clusters of cocci chain-forming cocci cocci arranged in pairs gram-negative cocci Bacteria whose cells divide in two perpendicular planes forming packets of 8, 16, 32 bacteria are known as: +sarcinae tetracocci micrococci staphylococci streptococci Diplococci are: +cocci arranged in pairs cocci arranged as grape-like clusters chain-forming cocci packet-forming cocci monococci Staphylococci are: + cocci arranged as grape-like clusters spiral cells with 8-12 coils chain-forming cocci cells which look like bent rods (comma-like shape) chain-forming rods Vibrions are: + cells which look like bent rods (comma-like shape) cocci arranged as grape-like clusters spiral cells with 8-12 coils chain-forming cocci chain-forming rods All the groups of pathogens mentioned below are infectious for humans except: +viroids viruses prions fungi bacteria Class Mollicutes includes: +mycoplasma rickettsia chlamydia spirochetes actinomyces Bacteria are: +unicellular prokaryotes multicellular prokaryotes unicellular eukaryotes multicellular eukaryotes acellular Prokaryotic microorganisms include: +spirochetes mold fungi viuses prions Prokaryotic microorganisms include: +chlamydia yeasts of Candida genus protozoa blue-green algae Which microorganisms studied by Microbiology are not prokaryotic? +viruses actinomyces bacteria mycoplasma chlamydia The basic structural difference of eukaryotes is: +a well-defined nucleus the presence of a cell wall peptidoglycan in the cell wall a nucleoid ribosomes 70S L-forms of bacteria are: +the way to escape immune surveillance gram-positive formed under the influence of aminoglycosides the causative agents of acute infections sensitive to β-lactam antibiotics The morphological properties of bacteria are: +shape, size, combination the capacity to take up different stains the way they grow on growth media conditions for culturing the presence of a nucleoid Plasmids: +are extrachromosomal factor of heredity participate in the cell division are formed with accumulation of metabolites are intracellular inclusions are a virulence factor of microorganisms Sterilization is: +a complete removal of all the types of microorganisms and their spores from the objects of the environment a complete removal of all the pathogenic microorganisms from the objects of the environment a complete removal of all the potentially pathogenic (opportunistic) and pathogenic microorganisms from the objects of the environment a partial removal of all the pathogenic microorganisms from the objects of the environment Disinfection is: + elimination of pathogenic and potentially pathogenic (opportunistic) microorganisms on the objects of the environment elimination of pathogenic microorganisms in the organs and tissues of the body elimination of pathogenic microorganisms and their spores elimination of potentially pathogenic (opportunistic) microorganisms with chemical substances preventing microorganisms from contaminating wounds, medicinal drugs and other objects Antibiotics are: +chemotherapeutic substances of natural, semi-synthetic or synthetic origin which in small concentrations inhibit the reproduction or cause the death of sensitive microorganisms and tumor cells inside a macroorganism biologically active substances synthesized by plants antibiotic-like substances of bacterial origin which inhibit the reproduction of homologous and similar species chemotherapeutic substances of synthetic origin which in small concentration cause the inhibition or death of microorganisms and tumor cells any substance preventing the growth of microorganisms A gene is a: +fragment of DNA molecule specific protein chromosome nucleotide triplet plasmid A genotype is the total number of: +the gene of a bacterial cell all the traits and properties of a bacterial cell the genes of all the species in a population A genotype (choose one wrong statement): +includes the nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial DNA is the total number of all the genes in a bacterial cell provides phenotypical variability within normal limits participates in the realization of genetic information depending on environmental conditions is passed to daughter cells Phenotype is the total number of: +all the traits and properties of a bacterial cell the genes of a bacterial cell the genes of all the species in a population the genes of a bacterial cell and plasmids Phenotype: +is the total number of all the traits and properties of a bacterial cell is the total number of the genes of a bacterial cell changes in strict correspondence with the change of the genotype is inherited realizes all the genetic opportunities of a cell A mutation is: +a change of a nucleotide sequence in DNA the transfer of isolated DNA from a donor cell to a recipient cell the transfer of a DNA segment from cell to cell with the help of a bacteriophage the transfer of plasmids the repair of damaged genetic material Mutations are: +a stable hereditary change of a trait the transfer of genetic material with the help of a bacteriophage the repair of damaged DNA segments Recombination is: +the production of bacterial offspring which has the traits of both a donor and a recipient the transfer of genetic material with the help of a bacteriophage the repair of damaged DNA segments a stable hereditary change of a trait Conjugation is: +the exchange of genetic material between the bacterial cells of different gender the repair of damaged DNA the transfer of genetic material with the help of highly polymerized DNA the transfer of genetic material with the help of temperate bacteriophages Transduction is: +the transfer of a DNA segment from one bacterial cell to another with the help of a bacteriophage the transfer of plasmids the transfer of genetic material with the help of F-pilli the determination of the primary sequence of nucleic acids Transformation is: +the transfer of genetic material with the help of highly polymerized DNA the exchange of genetic material between bacterial cells of different gender the repair of damaged DNA the transfer of genetic material with the help of temperate bacteriophages The transfer of genetic information with the help of a phage is: +transduction transformation viropexis lysogeny phage conversion Transposons: +are mobile genetic elements independent replicons which are extrachromosomal inheritance factors participate in DNA repair participate in specific transduction Transposons: +are nucleotide sequences are amino acid sequences are able to change their position within only one replicon are able to replicate in an autonomous state Plasmids: +are independent replicons which are extrachromosomal inheritance factors participate in DNA repair participate in specific transduction are mobile genetic elements A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is: +a multicycle process of DNA replication a bacterial genome sequencing a multicycle process of protein sequences used for bacterial phage typing measured by photocolorimetry What is not true for antigens? +normal microbiota species are not antigens they are substances, cells they are genetically foreign they cause the immune response they interact with the products of the immune response Antigens as substances are: +proteins lipids polysaccharides nucleic acids salts Antigenicity is: +capacity to stimulate antibodies production immunologic affinity capacity to cause an infectious disease the capacity of macrophages to participate in phagocytosis production of interferon Monotrichous microbes have: +one flagellum at the pole of a cell a bundle of flagella at one pole flagella covering the whole surface flagella at both poles no flagella Lophotrichous microbes have: +a bundle of flagella at one pole one flagellum at the pole of a cell flagella covering the whole surface flagella at both poles no flagella Amphitrichous microbes have: + flagella at both poles a bundle of flagella at one pole one flagellum at the pole of a cell flagella covering the whole surface no flagella Atrichous microbes have: + no flagella flagella at both poles a bundle of flagella at one pole one flagellum at the pole of a cell flagella covering the whole surface Peritrichous microbes have: + flagella covering the whole surface no flagella flagella at both poles a bundle of flagella at one pole one flagellum at the pole of a cell Bacterial spores are: +dormant reproductive cells intracellular inclusions a form of reproduction a virulence factor plasmids Branching microorganisms include: +actinomyces spirilla vibrions spirochetes bacilli Autotrophs are the microbes whose source of carbon is: +only СО 2 polyphosphates lipids different organic compounds carbohydrates Phototrophs are the microbes whose source of energy is: +solar energy redox reactions penetrating radiation X-rays electricity The cultural properties of bacteria are: +the speed and type of growth of cultures on growth media the morphology of bacteria capacity to take up stains type of metabolism type of respiration The cultural properties of bacteria are: +the morphology of colonies the morphology of bacteria capacity to cause a disease type of metabolism intensity of metabolism The bacteriological diagnosing method (the microbiological culture technique) is used to: +isolate and identify the bacteria which are the causative agents of diseases detect antibodies in a patient’s blood serum detect antigens in the test material isolate and identify the viruses which are the causative agents of diseases Normal microflora (microbiota) is an open microbiocoenosis of: +the human body cavities which have a connection with the external environment all the body