Metric Units | Measurement Conversion Practice - PDF

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY DO NOT DUPLICATE Chapter Twelve Metric units Introduction In Standard Four, you learnt how to convert metric units of length, mass...

FOR ONLINE USE ONLY DO NOT DUPLICATE Chapter Twelve Metric units Introduction In Standard Four, you learnt how to convert metric units of length, mass LY and volume. In this chapter, you will learn how to convert, add and subtract metric units of length, mass and volume. This competence will help you to use proper metric units in different activities. For instance, cooking, N tailoring, carpentry, construction of buildings, roads, bridges and the like. The knowledge on metric units is also important in business and O agriculture. Exercise 1: Revision SE Answer the following questions: U 1. Match the set of words in group A with those in group B such that they are meaningful. E Group A Group B N (a) A metric unit for rice Metric units (b) A metric unit for the length of a pencil Mililitre LI (c) Metre, kilogram, litre Centimetre (d) A metric unit for milk Kilometre N (e) A long metric unit of length Weight O 2. Convert the following into grams: (a) 2 kg (b) 45 kg (c) 8 kg R FO 3. Eliza walks 3 km and 500 m in the morning. In the afternoon, she walks 2 km and 500 m. What distance does Eliza walk daily? 212 MATH std 5.indd 212 30/07/2021 14:49  FOR ONLINE USE ONLY DO NOT DUPLICATE 4. Convert the following grams into kilograms: (a) 1 000 g (b) 40 g (c) 3 500 g 5. A bottle with volume 1 000 ml contains 750 ml of milk. How much more milk should be added into the bottle to fill it? Metric units of length Relationship between metric units of length LY The relationship between metric units of length starts with the minimum metric unit, which is millimetre (mm) up to the maximum metric unit of length which N is kilometre (km). Generally, there are seven metric units of length which are related as shown in the following table: O millimetre centimetre decimetre metre decametre hectometre kilometre (mm) 1 10 (cm) 1 (dm) (m) SE (dam) (hm) (km) U 100 10 1 1 000 100 10 1 10 000 1 000 100 10 1 100 000 10 000 1 000 100 10 1 E 1 000 000 100 000 10 000 1 000 100 10 1 N Using the above table of metric units of length, it is possible to find the LI relationship between any two different metric units of length. For example, from the table; N (a) 1 m = 1 000 mm O (b) 1 dm = 10 cm (c) 1 dam = 10 m R Converting metric units of length FO Converting large metric units of length into small metric units of length involves multiplication. Converting small metric units into large metric units involves division. 213 MATH std 5.indd 213 30/07/2021 14:49  FOR ONLINE USE ONLY DO NOT DUPLICATE Example 1 (a) Convert 13 kilometres into metres. Solution 1 km = 1 000 m 13 km =? LY 13 km  ×  1  000 m ____________ Then,​13 km  =  ​     ​  =   13  000 m​. 1 km N Therefore, 13 kilometres equals to 13 000 metres. O (b) Convert 7 m into dm. Solution 1 m = 10 dm SE 7m = ? 10 dm  ×  7 m U _ Then, ​7 m  =  ​   ​  =   70 dm​. 1m Therefore, 7 m equals to 70 dm. E N Example 2 LI (a) Convert 300 cm into m. N Solution O 1 m = 100 cm ? = 300 cm _300 cm  ×  1 m Then, ​300 cm  =  ​     ​  =   3 m​. R 100 cm FO Therefore, 300 cm equals to 3 m. 214 MATH std 5.indd 214 30/07/2021 14:49  FOR ONLINE USE ONLY DO NOT DUPLICATE (b) Convert 500 mm into cm. Solution 1 cm = 10 mm ? = 500 mm 500 mm  × 1 cm ___________ Then, ​500 mm  =  ​     ​   =   50 cm​. 10 mm Therefore, 500 mm equals to 50 cm. LY (c) Convert 3 250 metres into kilometres. N Solution O 1 km = 1 000 m ? = 3 250 m 3  250 m  ×  1 km ___________ Then, ​3  250 m  =  ​    _ 1  000 m 3  250  ​​ SE ​ =  ​   ​  km U 1  000 =  ​(3  +  ​   ​)​  km _ 250 1  000 E =  ​(3  +  ​   ​)​  km _1 4 N _1 =  3 ​   ​  km.​ LI 4 _1 Therefore, 3 250 metres is the same as ​ 3 ​   ​ ​ kilometres. N 4 O Exercise 2 Answer the following questions: R 1. Convert the following into metres: FO (a) 3 km (b) 9 hm (c) 7 dam (d) 4 km (e) 3 hm 215 MATH std 5.indd 215 30/07/2021 14:49  FOR ONLINE USE ONLY DO NOT DUPLICATE 2. Convert the following into centimetres: (a) 8 m (b) 7 dm (c) 6 dam (d) 4 m (e) 5 hm 3. Convert the following into kilometres: (a) 7 000 m (b) 12 000 dm (c) 9 000 hm (d) 40 dam LY 4. Convert the following into metres: (a) 6 000 mm (b) 4 000 dm (c) 7 000 cm N (d) 4 120 dm (e) 6 dam (f) 5 hm O 5. Convert the following units as instructed: (a) 10 mm into dm (b) 85 cm into dm and cm 1 _ (c) ​1 ​   ​​km into m 2 _1 SE 1 _ (d) ​4 ​   ​​hm into m 2 (e) ​4 ​   ​​dam into dm (f) 5 000 m into km U 2 E Addition of metric units of length N Metric units of length can be added together if they have the same units. Different metric units of length can be added together by considering the LI relationship between the given units. N Example 1 O (a) ​10 km + 3 km = ​ R Solution FO ​10 km + 3 km = 13 km​ Therefore, ​10 km + 3 km = 13 km​. 216 MATH std 5.indd 216 30/07/2021 14:49  FOR ONLINE USE ONLY DO NOT DUPLICATE (b) ​ 8 km  3 hm + 6 km  5 hm = ​ Solution ​      km     hm         8        3 ‾ ​+     6        5    ​ ‾ ​      14       8    ​​ LY Therefore, ​8 km 3 hm + 6 km 5 hm = 14 km 8 hm​. N Example 2 O (a) ​7 km  5 hm   +   4 km  8 hm  =   ​ Solution Steps: SE 1. Add hectometres: km hm U ​5 + 8 = 13 hm. But 1 km = 10 hm. Thus, ​ 7 5 1 ​ 3 hm = 1 km + 3 hm​. + 4 8 Write 3 in the hm column and take 1 km to the E 3 km column. N 2. Add kilometres: ​1 + 7 + 4 = 12 km​. km hm Write 12 in the km column. 7 5 LI + 4 8 N 12 3 O Therefore, ​7 km  5 hm   +   4 km  8 hm = 12 km 3 hm​. R (b) km hm dam 7 4 9 FO + 6 6 3 217 MATH std 5.indd 217 30/07/2021 14:49  FOR ONLINE USE ONLY DO NOT DUPLICATE Solution km hm dam 7 4 9 + 6 6 3 14 1 2 Exercise 3 LY Answer the following questions: N cm mm 1. cm mm 2. 3. cm mm O 13 3 3 4 1 9 + 5 4 + 1 8 + 3 2 SE 4. m dm mm 5. m dm cm 6. dm cm mm U 3 6 7 9 5 1 3 4 6 + 7 5 9 + 4 7 9 + 8 2 5 E N m dm mm 7. m cm mm 8. 9. km m LI 4 7 9 4 25 4 9 56 + 3 8 4 + 6 80 8 + 6 48 N O 10. km m cm 11. dm cm mm 12. km hm 4 40 26 61 3 5 5 6 R 3 22 68 8 3 8 + 2 8 + 5 71 23 + 11 3 4 FO 218 MATH std 5.indd 218 30/07/2021 14:49  FOR ONLINE USE ONLY 13. DO 14. km m NOT DUPLICATE 15. cm dm cm mm dm cm mm 5 70 81 13 4 6 14 0 3 7 47 40 35 8 4 40 8 6 + 2 860 60 + 30 0 3 + 12 3 1 16. m cm mm 17. km dam cm 18. m cm mm 4 45 2 7 40 4 6 81 4 LY + 8 45 6 3 54 2 3 40 2 + 11 30 4 + 0 25 3 N O 19. 20. m cm mm m cm 1 65 3 4 45 4 + 5 60 14 4 1 + 8 45 SE U Subtraction of metric units of length Metric units of length can be subtracted if they have the same unit. Different E metric units of length can be subtracted by considering the relationship N between the given units. LI Example 1 N m cm O 4 45 − 2 20 R FO 219 MATH std 5.indd 219 30/07/2021 14:49  FOR ONLINE USE ONLY DO NOT DUPLICATE Solution Steps: 1. Subtract centimetres: 45 – 20 = 25 cm. Write m cm 25 in the cm column. 4 45 − 2 20 25 2. Subtract the units in the metres column: m cm LY 4 – 2 = 2 m. Write 2 in the metres column. 4 45 − 2 20 2 25 N Therefore, the answer is 2 m and 25 cm. O Example 2 SE km m cm U 10 160 55 − 4 580 76 E N Solution LI Steps: 1. Subtract centimetres: 55 – 76. This is not km m cm N sufficient. Take 1 m from the 160 m and change 10 160 55 it into cm. That is, 1 m = 100 cm. − 4 580 76 O Add the obtained 100 cm to 55 cm to get 155 cm. 79 Now, subtract centimetres: 155 – 76 = 79 cm. R Write 79 in the cm column. FO 220 MATH std 5.indd 220 30/07/2021 14:49  FOR ONLINE USE ONLY DO NOT DUPLICATE 2. Remember in the metres column, there remained km m cm 159 m. Subtract meters: 159 – 580. This is not 10 160 55 sufficient. Take 1 km from the 10 km and change − 4 580 76 it into metres. That is, 1 km = 1000 m. 579 79 Add the obtained 1000 m to 159 m to get 1159 m. Now, subtract metres: 1159 – 580 = 579 m. Write 579 m in the m column. LY 3. In the kilometres column, there remained 9 km. km m cm N Subtract kilometres: 9 – 4 = 5 km. Write 5 in the 10 160 55 km column. O − 4 580 76 5 579 79 SE Therefore, the answer is 5 km 579 m 79 cm. U Exercis 4 E Work out the following: N 1. km m 2. km m cm 3. m cm 26 580 27 240 64 12 30 LI – 12 870 – 14 860 95 – 4 35 N O 4. km m dm 5. km m cm 6. dm cm 125 120 8 19 122 71 10 5 R – 85 260 3 – 13 410 90 – 3 7 FO 221 MATH std 5.indd 221 30/07/2021 14:49  FOR ONLINE USE ONLY DO NOT DUPLICATE 7. dm cm mm 8. cm mm 9. km m 9 4 5 9 9 9 400 – 3 7 6 – 2 3 – 5 700 km m 10. km m 11. 12. km m 9 500 9 390 105 200 – 4 700 – 6 800 – 5 105 LY N dm mm 13. km dam cm 14. 15. m cm 75 2 8 4 O 17 6 6 – 4 5 – 10 3 5 – 1 6 SE U Metric units of mass Masses of objects can be measured in metric units which are tons (t), kilograms (kg), hectograms (hg), decagrams (dag), grams (g), decigrams (dg), centigrams E (cg) and milligrams (mg). N Relationship between metric units of mass LI milligrams centigrams decigrams grams decagrams hectograms kilograms N (mg) (cg) (dg) (g) (dag) (hg) (kg) 1 O 10 1 100 10 1 R 1 000 100 10 1 10 000 1 000 100 10 1 FO 100 000 10 000 1 000 100 10 1 1 000 000 100 000 10 000 1 000 100 10 1 222 MATH std 5.indd 222 30/07/2021 14:49  FOR ONLINE USE ONLY DO NOT DUPLICATE Relationships between the given metric units of mass can be established by using the given table. For example; (a) 1 g = 1 000 mg (b) 1 cg = 10 mg (c) 1 g = 100 cg (d) 1 kg = 1 000 g Converting metric units of mass Converting a large unit of mass into a small unit of mass involves multiplication. Converting a small unit of mass into a large unit of mass involves division. LY Example 1 N (a) Convert 5 kilograms into grams. O Solution 1 kg = 1 000 g 5 kg =? 1  000 g  ×  5 kg ___________ SE Then, ​5 kg  =  ​     ​  =   5  000 g.​ 1 kg U Therefore, 5 kilograms are equal to 5 000 grams. E 1 _ (b) Convert 8 ​​   ​​ tons into kilograms. 2 N Solution LI 1 ton = 1 000 kilograms N 1 _ 8 ​​   ​​tons =? 2 1 1  000 kg  ×  8 _ O ​   ​ tons 1 _ ______________ 2 Then, ​8 ​   ​ tons =   ​        ​ ​ 2 1 ton R = 8 000 kg+ 500 kg = 8 500 kg. FO 1 _ Therefore, 8 ​​   ​​tons are equal to 8 500 kilograms. 2 223 MATH std 5.indd 223 30/07/2021 14:49  FOR ONLINE USE ONLY DO NOT DUPLICATE Example 2 (a) Convert 6 000 grams into kilograms. Solution 1 000 g = 1kg 6 000 g = ? LY 6  000 g  ×  1 kg ___________ So, ​6  000 g  =   ​     ​   = 6 kg.​ 1  000 g N Therefore, 6 000 grams are equal to 6 kilograms. O (b) How many kilograms are in 600 000 milligrams? Solution SE 1 kg = 1 000 000 mg U ? = 600 000 mg 600  000 mg  ×  1 kg ______________ Then, ​600  000 mg  =  ​        ​  =  0.6 kg.​ 1  000  000 mg E Therefore, there are 0.6 kilograms in 600 000 milligrams. N Exercise 5 LI Answer the following questions: N 1. Convert each of the following kilograms into tons: O (a) 1 200 kg (b) 40 000 kg (c) 6 500 kg 2. Convert each of the following tons into kilograms: R _1 (a) 6 tons (b) 15 tons (c) 4 ​ ​  ​​ tons 2 FO 3. Convert each of the following milligrams into grams: (a) 4 250 mg (b) 500 000 mg (c) 200 000 mg 224 MATH std 5.indd 224 30/07/2021 14:50  FOR ONLINE USE ONLY DO NOT DUPLICATE 4. How many kilograms are there in each of the following grams? (a) 180 g (b) 3 500 g (c) 7 500 g 5. How many milligrams are there in each of the following grams? 1 _ (a) 6 g (b) 10 g (c) 1 ​ ​  ​​ g 2 LY Addition of metric units of mass When adding metric units of mass, start with the smallest metric unit of mass N to the largest metric unit of mass while considering the relationships between O units of given metric units. Example 1 g mg SE U 4 225 + 4 370 E Solution N Steps: LI 1. Add milligrams: g mg 225 + 370 = 595 mg. Write 595 in the mg 4 225 N column. + 4 370 595 O 2. Add grams: 4 + 4 = 8 g. Write 8 in the g column. g mg R 4 225 + 4 370 FO 8 595 Therefore, the answer is 8 g 595 mg. 225 MATH std 5.indd 225 30/07/2021 14:50  FOR ONLINE USE ONLY DO NOT DUPLICATE Example 2 t kg 4 450 + 3 350 LY Solution N Steps: 1. Add kilograms: 450 + 350 = 800 kg. Write 800 t kg O in the kg column. 4 450 + 3 350 SE 2. Add tons: 4 + 3 = 7 t. Write 7 in the tons column. t 800 kg U 4 450 + 3 350 7 800 E N Therefore, the answer is 7 t 800 kg. LI Example 3 N t kg Solution O 10 470 + 17 475 t kg R 10 470 + 17 475 FO 27 945 Therefore, the answer is 24 t 945 kg. 226 MATH std 5.indd 226 30/07/2021 14:50  FOR ONLINE USE ONLY DO NOT DUPLICATE Exercise 6 Answer the following questions: t 1. kg 2. g mg 3. t kg 6 750 6 523 6 345 + 5 250 + 9 874 + 6 820 LY kg dag 4. 5. g mg 6. hg dg 4 75 2 175 19 375 N + 8 25 + 3 945 + 14 765 O 7. t dag 8. kg g 9. kg dg 4 500 3 800 3 460 + 7 660 + 3 434 SE + 1 630 U g 10. mg g 11. cg 12. kg hg 6 200 112 1 3 4 + 3 450 + 36 27 + 3 1 E N LI 13. t cg mg 14. t hg g 15. hg g sg 12 216 9 50 90 10 40 80 30 + 5 801 6 25 70 30 71 14 40 N + 20 55 30 + 20 22 70 O 16. kg g R 14 365 9 475 FO + 3 300 227 MATH std 5.indd 227 30/07/2021 14:50  FOR ONLINE USE ONLY DO NOT DUPLICATE Subtraction of metric units of mass When subtracting metric units of mass, start with the smallest metric unit and proceed to the largest metric unit while considering the relationship between the given metric units of mass. Example 1 LY t kg 12 740 N − 6 420 O Solution Steps: SE 1. Subtract kilograms: 740 ‒ 420 = 320 kg. Write t kg 320 in the kg column. 12 740 U − 6 420 320 E 2. Subtract tons: 12 ‒ 6 = 6 t. Write 6 in the tons t kg column. 12 740 N − 6 420 LI 6 320 Therefore, the answer is 6 t 320 kg. N O Example 2 R t kg g 6 200 550 FO −2 300 750 228 MATH std 5.indd 228 30/07/2021 14:50  FOR ONLINE USE ONLY DO NOT DUPLICATE Solution Steps: 1. Subtract grams: 550 – 750. It is not sufficient. t kg g Take 1 kg from the 200 kg and convert it into 6 200 550 grams. That is, 1 kg = 1 000 g. Add the obtained −2 300 750 1000 g to 550 g to get 1550 g. Now, subtract 800 grams: 1550 – 750 = 800 g. Write 800 in the g column. LY 2. Remember that 199 kg remained in the kg t kg g N column. Subtract kilograms: 199 – 300. It is not 6 200 550 sufficient. Take 1 t from the 6 t and convert it − 2 300 750 O into kg. That is, 1 t = 1000 kg. Add the obtained 899 800 1000 kg to 199 kg to get 1199 kg. SE Now, subtract kg: 1199 – 300 = 899 kg. Write 899 in the kg column. U 3. Subtract tons: 5 t remained in the t column. t kg g 5 – 2 = 3 t. Write 3 in the t column. 6 200 550 − 2 300 750 E 3 899 800 N Therefore, the answer is 3 t 899 kg 800 g. LI Exercise 7 N O Answer the following questions: t 1. kg 2. t kg 3. t kg 6 220 26 370 15 620 R – 4 114 – 13 250 – 13 220 FO 229 MATH std 5.indd 229 30/07/2021 14:50  FOR ONLINE USE ONLY DO NOT DUPLICATE 4. kg g 5. kg g 6. t hg 14 190 14 239 4 54 – 8 650 – 12 910 – 2 340 7. 8. 9. kg dag g mg kg g 20 600 17 910 16 860 – 6 560 – 12 440 – 13 900 LY 10. 11. 12. t hg g g mg hg g N 10 43 64 40 720 15 85 – 37 27 – 15 570 – 12 90 O 13. t g cg 70 40 60 14. t g mg 6 800 660 SE 15. hg 4 g cg 31 12 – 15 12 38 – 3 280 830 – 1 81 04 U E N Metric units of volume Volume of objects can be measured in metric units which are litre (l) and LI millilitre (ml). The basic metric unit of volume is the litre (l). N 1 litre = 1000 millilitres (ml). O Converting metric units of volume R Converting large metric units of volume into small metric units of volume involves multiplication, and converting small metric units of volume into FO large metric units of volume involves division. In each case, the relationships between the metric units of volume must be considered. 230 MATH std 5.indd 230 30/07/2021 14:50  FOR ONLINE USE ONLY DO NOT DUPLICATE Example 1 (a) How many millilitres are there in 9 litres? Solution 1 litre = 1 000 mililitres 9 litres = ? 9 litres  ×  1  000 _____________ ml Then, ​9 litres  =  ​      ​  =   9  000 ml.​ LY 1 litre Therefore, there are 9 000 mililitres in 9 litres. N 1 _ (b) How many millilitres are there in 6 ​​   ​​litres? O 2 Solution 1 litre = 1 000 ml 1 _ SE 6 ​​   ​​ litres = ? U 2 6 litres  ×  1  000 ml _____________ Then, ​6 litres  =  ​        ​ =   6  000 ml.​ 1 litre E 1 _  ​   ​ litre  ×  1  000 ml _1 ____________ 2 N ​​   ​ litre  =  ​         ​=  500 ml​ 2 1 litre LI Add the two results: N _ 1 _ 1 6 ​​   ​​ litres = 6 litres + ​ ​  ​​ litres = 6 000 m​l​+ 500 m​l​= 6 500 m​l​. 2 2 O 1 _ Therefore, there are 6 500 millilitres in 6 ​​   ​​litres. 2 R Example 2 FO (a) How many litres are in 18 000 millilitres? (b) Change 8 500 millilitres into litres. 231 MATH std 5.indd 231 30/07/2021 14:50  FOR ONLINE USE ONLY DO NOT DUPLICATE Solution (a) How many litres are in 18 000 millilitres? 1 litre = 1 000 m​l​ _ 1 1 m​l​= ​​   ​​litres. 1000 But, 18 000 ml = 18 000 × 1 ml = 18 000 ​​(​   ​)​​litres = 18 litres. 1 _ LY 1000 Therefore, there are 18 litres in 18 000 milliliters. N (b) Change 8 500 millilitres into litres. O 1 litre = 1 000 ml _ 1 1 ml = ​​  1000  ​​ litres. SE But 8 500 ml = 8 000 ml + 500 ml U 8 000 ml = 8 000 × 1 ml _ 1 = 8 000 × ​​   ​​ litres E 1000 = 8 litres N 1 _ _1 500 m​l​= 500 × ​​   ​​litres = ​​   ​​ litres LI 1000 2 Add the two results: N 8 500 ml = 8 000 m​l​+ 500 ml O _1 _1 = 8 litres + ​​   ​​litres = 8 ​​   ​​ litres 2 2 R = 8.5 litres. FO _1 Therefore, 8 500 ml = 8 ​​   ​​litres or 8.5 litres. 2 232 MATH std 5.indd 232 30/07/2021 14:50  FOR ONLINE USE ONLY DO NOT DUPLICATE Exercise 8 Answer the following questions: 1. How many mililitres are there in each of the following litres? _1 (a) 9 litres (b) 4 ​ ​  ​​ litres 2 _1 (c) 3 ​​   ​​litres (d) 5 litres 4 LY 2. How many litres are there in the following measurements? (a) 14 000 ml (b) 6 000 ml N (c) 2 000 ml (d) 8 500 ml O 3. Salome carried a bucket of 20 litres of water. What volume of water did she carry in millilitres? Addition of metric units of volume SE U Example 1 l ml E 3 600 + 4 450 N LI Solution N Steps: O 1. Add m​illilitres​: 600 ​​+ 450 ​​= 1 050 m​l​, l ml but 1 litre = 1 000 m​l​. Convert 1 050 m​l​ into 3 600 R 1 litre and 50 m​l​. Write 50 in the m​l​column and + 4 450 carry over 1 litre. 50 FO 233 MATH std 5.indd 233 30/07/2021 14:50  FOR ONLINE USE ONLY DO NOT DUPLICATE 2. Add litres: Remember the 1 litre that was l ml carried over in step 1. That is, 1 ​​+ 3​​+ 4​​= 8 ​l​. 3 600 Write 8 in the litres column. + 4 450 8 50 Therefore, the answer is 8 ​l​50 m​l​. Example 2 LY l ml 6 550 N + 3 160 O Solution SE l ml U 6 550 + 3 160 9 710 E Therefore, the answer is 9 ​l​710 ml. N LI Exercise 9 N Answer the following questions: O 1. l ml 2. l ml 3. l ml 415 205 360 350 600 40 R + 27 8 + 124 230 + 350 250 FO 234 MATH std 5.indd 234 30/07/2021 14:50  FOR ONLINE USE ONLY DO NOT DUPLICATE l 4. ml 5. l ml 6. l ml 475 75 78 426 14 760 + 126 520 + 55 542 + 14 138 l 7. ml 8. l ml 9. l ml 4 750 17 800 3 400 LY 316 250 + 3 366 + 4 360 + 15 101 N O 10. l ml 20 920 14 + 13 112 126 SE U Subtraction of metric units of volume E Example 1 N LI ​80 l 370 ml ‒ 45 l 160 ml =​ N Solution Steps: O 1. Subtract ml: 370 ‒ 160 = 210 ml. Write 210 in l ml the ml column. 80 370 R – 45 160 210 FO 235 MATH std 5.indd 235 30/07/2021 14:50  FOR ONLINE USE ONLY DO NOT DUPLICATE 2. Subtract litres: 80 – 45 = 35 l. Write 35 in the l ml litre column. 80 370 – 45 160 35 210 Therefore, the answer is 35 l 210 ml. LY Example 2 l ml N 15 350 – 10 370 O Solution SE l ml U 15 350 – 10 370 4 980 E N Therefore, the answer is 4 l 980 ml. LI Exercise 10 N O Answer the following questions: l 1. ml 2. l ml 3. l ml 30 75 500 50 68 423 R – 16 87 – 300 250 – 41 544 FO 236 MATH std 5.indd 236 30/07/2021 14:50  FOR ONLINE USE ONLY DO NOT DUPLICATE 4. l ml 5. l ml 6. l ml 45 513 46 48 72 490 – 16 701 – 33 35 – 37 541 7. l ml 8. l ml 9. l ml 100 100 330 800 75 426 – 130 600 – 53 532 LY – 15 900 N l 10. ml 11. l ml 12. l ml 11 41 20 93 90 180 O – 8 74 – 16 37 – 45 382 13. l ml 14. l SE ml 15. l ml 31 510 48 17 62 281 U – 16 600 – 33 35 – 37 541 E N 16. l ml 17. l ml 18. l ml 100 700 330 600 75 378 LI – 15 900 – 130 800 – 53 532 N O 19. 20. l ml l ml 25 61 66 89 – 8 75 – 52 48 R FO 237 MATH std 5.indd 237 30/07/2021 14:50  FOR ONLINE USE ONLY Exercise 11 DO NOT DUPLICATE Answer the following questions: dm cm mm 1. t 2. kg g 3. l ml 6 25 6 11 500 174 50 25 + 3 12 2 + 7 751 937 – 45 675 LY N 4. km m cm kg 5. g 6. l ml 5 400 80 474 572 315 950 O + 10 200 40 – 340 281 + 16 250 SE 7. A tank containing 45 litres spilled out some water. If 23 litres of water remained in the tank, how many litres of water spilled out? U 8. A fisherman sold 3 tons and 680 kg of fish in January and 4 tons and E 250 kg in February. Find the difference between the weight of fish sold in February and January. N LI 9. Three line segments of length 14 cm, 9 cm and 21 cm were drawn and joined together. What is the length of the line segment obtained N by joining together all three line segments? O 10. Mr. Mapesa had two tanks of kerosene. The first tank was filled with 3 _ 216 litres of kerosene. The second tank contained ​​   ​​of the kerosene R 4 contained in the first tank. How many litres of kerosene were in the FO second tank? 238 MATH std 5.indd 238 30/07/2021 14:50  FOR ONLINE USE ONLY DO NOT DUPLICATE 11. In one year, a shopkeeper bought 76 000 kg of flour, 61 000 kg of rice and 7 200 kg of salt. How many kilograms of the three items did he buy in that year? 12. A carpenter joined two pieces of wood into one piece of length 10 metres. If the length of the first piece was 3.5 metres, what was the length of the second piece of wood? LY N Summary O 1. The relationship between metre and centimetre is: 1 m = 100 cm. 2. The relationship between kilogram and gram is: 1 kg = 1 000 g. 3. 4. SE The relationship between litre and millilitre is: 1l = 1 000 ml. In adding and subtracting metric units of length, mass or volume, consider the relationship between the given units involved in the U operation. E N LI N O R FO 239 MATH std 5.indd 239 30/07/2021 14:50