The Development of Purgatory PDF

 The Development of Purgatory ✤ Purgatory: a place of puri cation ✤ Culpa: (latin) guilt, or faul ✤ Pena: (latin root of penance) punishmen ✤ If you commit a sin, you can repent and be forgiven. However, you must also pay the penalty for that sin....

 The Development of Purgatory ✤ Purgatory: a place of puri cation ✤ Culpa: (latin) guilt, or faul ✤ Pena: (latin root of penance) punishmen ✤ If you commit a sin, you can repent and be forgiven. However, you must also pay the penalty for that sin. fi t t  The Development of Purgatory ✤ There is no Biblical basis for Purgatory; it ful lls a philosophical need ✤ Do only martyrs and saints go to heaven? Can we all be saintly? ✤ What happens if you die without repenting your sins? Even if you were a good person ✤ What happens if you were not baptized? ✤ It is a Catholic doctrine only; Orthodox and Protestant Christians do not believe in Purgatory ? fi :  The Development of Purgatory ✤ Venial Sin: an act of a less serious matter, or one which involves grave matter but is performed without full knowledge or complete consent of the will ✤ Venial sins can be forgiven but still require repentanc ✤ Mortal Sin: ts three criteria, 1: it is an act of grave or serious matter (eg. murder, heresy) 2: the sinner must have full knowledge of the sinful character of the act; in other words, he must know this act violates God’s law. 3: the sinner must give full consent of the will, meaning that he has re ected on doing the action and deliberately wants to do it ✤ Mortal sins cannot be forgiven fi.. fl e  The Development of Purgatory ✤ Of cially declared doctrine by Pope Innocent IV in 127 ✤ The Sale of Indulgences ✤ Time in purgatory could be limited through prayer or charitable works; or you could pay someone to do these works for you fi 4  The Divine Comedy 1300-1321 c.e. ✤ Dante Alighieri (1265-1321 c.e.) native of Florenc ✤ exiled after political disput ✤ Pope Boniface VIII: Dante places him in the 8th Circle of Hell for Frau ✤ His Guides ✤ Virgil: 1st century Greek poet, author of the Aeneid ✤ Beatrice Portinari: the love of Dante’s life, although they never had a romantic relationship d : e e.  The Gates of Hell I am the way into the doleful city I am the way into eternal grief, I am the way to a forsaken race Justice it was that moved my great creator Divine omnipotence created me and highest wisdom joined with primal love Before me nothing but eternal thing were made, and I shall last eternally Abandon every hope, all you who enter (Canto III).. , , s.. ;  Limbo: The First Circle of Hell “Now you should know before we go on farther, they have not sinned. But their great worth alone was not enough, for they did not know Baptism, which is the gateway to the faith you follow, and if they came before the birth of Christ, they did not worship God the way one should I myself am a member of this group For this defect, and for no other guilt, we here are lost. In this alone we suffer cut off from hope, we live on in desire. (Canto IV). ” : ;  Lust The Second Circle of Hell “those who make reason slave to appetite “I came to a place where no light shone at all, bellowing like the sea racked by tempest, when warring winds attack it from both sides The infernal storm, eternal in its rage, sweeps and drives the spirits with its blasts it whirls them, lashing them wit punishment” (Canto V). : h ” :  Francesca & Paol The Kiss o  http://www.dantesinferno.com/us/explore Lucifer At the Center of the Eart “in each of his three mouths he crunched a sinner” (Canto XXXIV Judas Brutu Cassiu Highest Wisdom vs. Ignorance (black Divine Omnipotence vs. Impotence (yellow Primal Love vs. Hatred (red s s ) : h ) ) )  Doomsday Preppers Shofarians, Ozark Mountains https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gHfZ2972mr0  A History of False Predictions ✤ John Nelson Darby, (1800-1882) Anglican priest in Irelan ✤ Established a community in Plymouth, England. They became know as the Plymouth Brethre ✤ The group spread throughout England and the United States. ✤ Darby advanced the idea that Christ would return twice, once before the catastrophes of Revelation and then again afterwards n d  A History of False Predictions ✤ Darby claimed the rst return would be before the new millennium. He referred to different historical periods as dispensations and so the movement became know as “dispensational premillennialism ✤ He believed there were 7 dispensation ✤ In 1883 he claimed that the followers of Jesus would not face the horrors of Revelation but would be taken up to heaven before it began, in an event that became know as the “Rapture” fi s ”  A History of False Predictions ✤ In 1818, William Miller, a layman, after 2 years of studying the Bible determined that the end of times would begin in 1843 ✤ He amassed tens of thousands of followers ✤ The world did not end in 184 ✤ This became known as “The Great Disappointment” 3..  A History of False Predictions ✤ The Millerites did not abandon their views but split into 33 different Apocalyptic sects, includin ✤ Jehovah’s Witnesse ✤ Seventh Day Adventists s g  A History of False Predictions ✤ This phenomenon, that people do not reject views even once they have been proven wrong, led to Festigner’s experiments and theory of Cognitive Dissonance. ✤ When Prophecy Fails, published 1956  A History of False Predictions ✤ In 1943 the Branch Davidians splintered off the Seventh Day Advantist ✤ They held that the Messiah would return in human for ✤ In 1990 David Koresh (born Vernon Howell) was declared the messiah ✤ The group created a compound in Waco, Texas, where most of the followers lived ✤ February 27, 1993, the FBI was noti ed that the group was stockpiling weapons and that there had been allegations made against Koresh of sexual misconduct.. fi m s  The Waco Siege February 28 and April 19, 1993  A History of False Predictions ✤ In a video made during the seige Koresh intrudes several of his wives and children and shows that there are no hostages, everyone is there by free will ✤ Koresh several people to leave the compound ✤ April 13, 1993 the FBI mounted an assault. Fire broke out, 9 people left the building. ✤ 76 Branch Davidians died, including children.  Brainwashing ✤ In the 1970’s the number of NRMs increased ✤ This led to a moral panic that young people were being ‘brainwashed’ and social intervention was needed  Brainwashing ✤ The theory is based on the experiences of Prisoners of War and pressure tactics used by the CI ✤ The victim is forcibly con ned subjected to incapacitating physical and or psychological torture through either sensory deprivation or sensory overload ✤ Psychiatric studies (Hinkle and Wolff, 1956) undertook an exhaustive study with support of the USA government and access to CIA le ✤ Brainwashing in ineffective, even when using altered states of conciseness ✤ you can create behaviour compliance through threats and physical abuse. The effect is short term. A fi fi s  Brainwashing ✤ There is no evidence that NRMs use brainwashin ✤ NRMs are ‘voluntary associations ✤ People are active in their own conversio ✤ Studies on Moonies (Barker, 1984) show that people considered most at risk of passive suggestibility “did not join, or if they did, were among those who left quickly” ’ n g  Brainwashing ✤ Recruitment efforts are unsuccessfu ✤ Studies of a sample of NRM’s showed that ✤ 10% of the people approached attended a follow up meeting, lecture et ✤ 33% of those who joined left after 4 month ✤ 0.5% of prospective converts are associated with the movement 2 years later c l s : Don’t drink the Kool-Aid! The Jonestown Massacr November 197 8 e  Reverend Jim Jones ✤ 1931-197 ✤ Ordained as a Christian minster ✤ Founded the People’s Temple in 195 ✤ Active in civil rights and had a fully integrated congregatio ✤ Believing that South America was the safest place to survive the attack, he ✤ 1961 he told followers he had began preparing to move the community received visions of nuclear attack there. 8 n 5  Reverend Jim Jones ✤ He adopted several children from various ethic background and called the church a “rainbow family ✤ Late 1960’s he referred to himself as a divinity ✤ Jones began to drill the community in ✤ 1973: began to settle the People’s White Nights Temple in Guyana ✤ November 1978: Congressman Ryan ✤ 1977: Temple defectors formed a travelled to Jonestown to investigate "Concerned Relatives" group allegations of human-rights abuses ”  The White Night On November 18, 197 in Gauyan the 914 men, women and childre of The People’s Temple of Jonestow voluntarily committed suicide by drinking a fruit drink laced with cyanide and tranquilizer All of the animals and all water sources were likewise poisoned a 8 n s n  “Jonestown people were human beings. Except for your caring relationship with us, Jonestown would be names, ‘cultists’, ‘fanatics’, ‘kooks’. Our children are real to you because you knew us. My wife and I could describe for you many of the dead. You would think we were describing people that you know, members of our church. ” –a Nevada Minster What happened in Jonestown was not ok, but it was Human. “When you study religion, you will see the best and the worst of humanity” –Laurie Lamoureux-Scholes Nothing human is foreign to me Christian Snake Handlers Snake Handlers Behold, I give unto you power to tread on serpents and scorpions, and over all the power of the enemy: and nothing shall by any means hurt you — Luke 10:1 And these signs shall follow them that believe: In my name shall they cast out devils; they shall speak with new tongues. They shall take up serpents; and if they drink any deadly thing, it shall not hurt them; they shall lay hands on the sick, and they shall recover — Mark 16:17–1 9. 8. Snake Handlers ✤ First appeared in 1910 in Appalachia, initiated by George Went Hensle ✤ Snake-handling churches are broadly known as the “Church of God with Signs Following ✤ The exact number of practitioners is unknown, these churches are notoriously private. ✤ The practice is illegal in all states expect for West Virginia ” y  Hell House https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kcJCOou6dZk Homosexuality Abortion https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VUqWqcPz75U https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NomDLba-PCE  Hell House ✤ Hell Houses and Judgement Houses are Evangelical Protestant Christian theatrical attractions that depict sins and afterlif ✤ They are a response to the ‘pagan’ traditions of Hallowee ✤ They are designed as moral instruction, to scare people into adopting Christian ideology n e  Hell House ✤ The rst Hell Houses appeared in the 1970’s and have now become wide sprea ✤ As of 2017, Hell House kits are available for purchase fi d “It’s the greatest evangelistic tool that we have as a church. We reach a lot of unchurched people,” said Sharon Reagan, Central Baptist’s music director. In 2014, she said, there were 1,997 attendees and 487 “decisions for Christ”.  The Romantics’ Satan ✤ The Romantic poets of the 17th re- imaged Satan as a heroic rebel who de ed God’s authoritarianis ✤ John Milton’s poem “Paradise Lost” (1667) was extremely popular ✤ Throughout the modern era artists have represented Satan as a sympathetic anti-hero, or playful trickster. fi m LaVey  Anton Szandor LaVey ™ Born Howard Stanton Levey, 1930 ™ American, secular Jewish ™ Founded the Church of Satan in 1966, in San Francisco, California ™ Wrote The Satanic Bible in 1969 ™ High Priest until his death in 1997 along with his companion Blanche Barton as High Priestess ™ Succeeded by Peter H. Gilmore - present High Priest along with his wife Magistra Peggy Nadramia as High Priestess  Lesser Magic ™ The Satanic Witch ™ Details methods of manipulation in every day interaction. ™ Orchestration by words, behaviour, dress, mannerisms, speech, etc., in order to achieve a desired result.  Greater Magic ™ Magic defined as: ™ “The change in situations or events in accordance with one’s will, which would, using normally accepted methods, be unchangeable.” ™ Three Types of Rituals ™ Lust ™ Compassion ™ Destruction ™ Self-transformative Psychodrama  Contemporary Satanism ✤ The Church of Sata ✤ Founded in 1966 by Anton LeVe ✤ Atheis ✤ Practice Greater Magic and Lesser Magi ✤ Non-political, prefer to remain out of the public eye t n y c  Contemporary Satanism ✤ The Satanic Templ ✤ Founded in 2013 by Lucien Greaves and Malcolm Jarr ✤ Atheis ✤ Rituals are a form of protes ✤ Activist group established to " ght a perceived intrusion of Christian values on American politics” t e t fi y  Contemporary Satanism ✤ The Church of Satan: 11 Satanic Rules of the Earth ✤ Do not give opinions or advice unless you are asked ✤ Do not tell your troubles to others unless you are sure they want to hear them ✤ When in another’s lair, show him respect or else do not go there ✤ If a guest in your lair annoys you, treat him cruelly and without mercy ✤ Do not make sexual advances unless you are given the mating signal ✤ Do not take that which does not belong to you unless it is a burden to the other person and he cries out to be relieved......  Contemporary Satanism ✤ The Church of Satan: 11 Satanic Rules of the Earth ✤ Acknowledge the power of magic if you have employed it successfully to obtain your desires. If you deny the power of magic after having called upon it with success, you will lose all you have obtained ✤ Do not complain about anything to which you need not subject yourself ✤ Do not harm little children ✤ Do not kill non-human animals unless you are attacked or for your food ✤ When walking in open territory, bother no one. If someone bothers you, ask him to stop. If he does not stop, destroy him.....  Contemporary Satanism ✤ The Satanic Temple: The Seven Tenant ✤ One should strive to act with compassion and empathy toward all creatures in accordance with reason ✤ The struggle for justice is an ongoing and necessary pursuit that should prevail over laws and institutions ✤ One’s body is inviolable, subject to one’s own will alone ✤ The freedoms of others should be respected, including the freedom to offend. To willfully and unjustly encroach upon the freedoms of another is to forgo one's own... s.  Contemporary Satanism ✤ The Satanic Temple: The Seven Tenant ✤ Beliefs should conform to one's best scienti c understanding of the world. One should take care never to distort scienti c facts to t one's beliefs ✤ People are fallible. If one makes a mistake, one should do one's best to rectify it and resolve any harm that might have been caused ✤ Every tenet is a guiding principle designed to inspire nobility in action and thought. The spirit of compassion, wisdom, and justice should always prevail over the written or spoken word. fi fi. fi. s  https://twitter.com/jdunwell/status/1733191110858559506? ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwter m%5E1733191110858559506%7Ctwgr%5E9d89b7de30f992e4c 0fac60a9770988fa543c2c8%7Ctwcon%5Es1_&ref_url=https%3 A%2F%2Fwww.buzzfeed.com%2Fmjs538%2Fsatan-display- in-iowa-capitol Rep. Jon Dunwel December 8, 2023 @jdunwel As many of you have become aware, last week a display was erected at the Iowa Capitol by the Satanic Temple of Iowa. As I have responded to concerns from Iowans about the display, I wanted to share with you how the display came to be and my response. How did it happen? The Capitol structure falls underneath the control of the Iowa Legislature. The Department of Administrative Services (DAS) is charged with the management. Currently, access for displays at the Capitol are open to anyone through an application process. Though there are some guidelines, they do not discriminate on the basis of religion or ideology. Displays are permitted to be displayed for two weeks. All displays are required to communicate they are an independent display and not to be associated with the State of Iowa. The Satanic Temple petitioned for their display in August and were approved with some modi cation. They wanted to use an actual goat head (I’m assuming a skull) and we’re prohibited from doing so. The Iowa Legislature can set the rules and standards for any display. The current operating principle has been to either allow all displays or none. The Legislature has the power to change it if they deem necessary. l l fi Moral Panic: A sudden, and often irrational fear, that a group or activity threatens the values or well-being of a community; accompanied by calls for control and suppression.  The Satanic Panic ✤ This book has now been discredited, the memories were false ✤ A moral panic spread through the USA ✤ More than 12,000 documented accusations were made nationwide. ✤ investigating police were not able to substantiate any allegations of organized cult abuse  The Satanic Panic ✤ Michelle Remembers, 198 ✤ Lawrence Pazder, a Canadian psychiatrist, treated Michelle Smith for depressio ✤ Using the now discredited practice of ‘recovered-memory therapy’ she claimed to have been abused by a Satanic cult n 0