Unit 1: Introduction To Anatomy BIOL1410 Lecture Notes Fall 2024 PDF

BIOL1410 Lecture Notes – Fall 2024 UNIT 1: Introduction to Anatomy UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION TO ANATOMY A) What is Anatomy?...

BIOL1410 Lecture Notes – Fall 2024 UNIT 1: Introduction to Anatomy UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION TO ANATOMY A) What is Anatomy? — study of internal and external body structures — relationships between structures — e.g. bone and muscle — Subdivisions: 1) Microanatomy — microscope required a) cytology is _________________ histology is the study of tissues (groups of cells) 2) Gross Anatomy — visible to the eye — e.g. bone, heart, stomach, etc. — body cavities (e.g. cranial, thoracic, abdominopelvic) B) Levels of Organization (simple to complex) 1) Chemical level (basic level) — atoms — e.g. Hydrogen (H) and Oxygen (O) atoms — atoms join to form molecules — e.g. H2O (water) 2) Cellular level — molecules form organelles which form cells — cell are the basic unit of structure and function of the body — all cells contain chemicals, but the function of different types of cells may differ e.g. erythrocytes (red blood cells), neurons, muscle cells 3) Tissue level — a group of structurally similar cells with a common function — 4 major types: a) b) c) d) 4) Organ level — 2 or more ____________ working together for a common function 1  BIOL1410 Lecture Notes – Fall 2024 UNIT 1: Introduction to Anatomy — e.g. stomach ’ is made up of all four major tissues ’ function is digestion 5) Organ system level — several related organs that work together to accomplish a common purpose — e.g. respiratory system ’ lungs, trachea, etc. ’ function is respiration 6) Organism — All systems function together to maintain life Note: This is a Hierarchy - each level contains those below. 2