Overview Of Industrial Microbiology PDF

10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 1  Overview of Industrial Microbiology Ismatul Nurul Asyikin Ismail 10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 2  Industrial Microbiology: What & Why? Topics Out...

10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 1  Overview of Industrial Microbiology Ismatul Nurul Asyikin Ismail 10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 2  Industrial Microbiology: What & Why? Topics Outline Historical Roots Industrial Microbiology Products 10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 3 10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 4  What is Industrial Microbiology? ❑ A branch of Applied Microbiology. ❑ @Microbial Biotechnology / @ Biotechnology. ❑ Microorganisms are used in industrial processes. ❑ Using microorganisms: i. to manufacture useful products ii. to dispose waste products 10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 5  Why study? Let’s revise some basic features of microbes… 1) Ubiquitous: Microorganisms are part of the human environment. They are in us, on us, and everywhere around us. 2) Replicate very fast: They are a single-celled autonomous body with complete metabolic machinery. (E. g: E. coli cell doubles in 15 - 30 minutes). 10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 6  Bacterial Growth https://youtu.be/jhbEQclX9mk 10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 7 10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 8 10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 9  Why study? Now let’s talk about Insulin… How earlier was insulin extracted? Initial experiment, Banting and Best extracted insulin from dogs and pigs, and later they started using the Cow pancreas. How feasible it is to have pure extract on a mass-production scale? Later, when genomic science paced up, scientists discovered the genes coding for insulin they inserted into E. coli and could produce it on a mass scale in the laboratory. Question: which is an efficient and better process? 10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 10  Why study? Now, you can even answer why you need to study industrial microbiology? ❑ It combines both industry and microbiology to create high value products in large quantities which otherwise not possible. ❑ It has a larger future than most realize today. 10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 11  What Industries Use Microbiological Products? Food and beverage industries Agriculture industry Pharmaceutical/medical industry Energy industry Mining Paper and pulp industry Plastic industry Detergent industry 10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 12  Historical Roots >8,000 years ago Babylonians fermented grain to make beer. Little was understood about fermentation. 19th century Pasteur studied the fermentation process. Various researchers studied fermentation and its products, but their findings were largely ignored. World War I Shortages of materials for making explosives. The Germans developed a process for making glycerol. The British used acetone-butanol fermentation by Clostridium acetobutylicum to make acetone. The development of techniques to maintain pure cultures in industrial fermentation vats. 1928 The discovery of Penicillium notatum kills Staphylococcus aureus by Fleming was the beginning of the antibiotic industry. 10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 13 10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 14  Penicillium notatum 10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 15  Today’s discovery is tomorrow’s history… Today, the manufacture of antibiotics is a massive component of pharmaceutical microbiology. Concurrent with the development and industrial production of vaccines. Manufacturing antibiotics, vaccines, and many other pharmaceuticals all require pure-culture technology. In recent years, genetic engineering has been used to cause cells: 1. To synthesize products they otherwise would not make. 2. To increase the yield of products they normally make. Genetic engineering makes it possible to program organisms to carry out specific industrial and pharmaceutical processes = “industrial workhorse” 10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 16  Industrial Microbiology Products 10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 17  Continue… 10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 18  Continue… 10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 19  Continue… 10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 20 10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 21  Product Category from Industrial Microbiology q Biomass 1. Those that produce microbial cells (biomass) as the product = baker’s yeast, spirulina q Bioconversion / Biotransformation 2. Those that produce microbial enzymes (amylase, protease). Convert a compound into structurally related, desired products. (E.g. steroid biotransformation, EtOH to acetic acid, certain amino acids). q Metabolite Product 3. Those that produce microbial metabolites = primary & secondary metabolites. 4. Those that produce recombinant products = GE, insulin, GFP 10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 22  General Concepts in Industrial Microbiology ❑ Uses microorganisms, grown in large scale, to produce valuable commercial products or maintain and improve the environment. ❑ Any processes involving fermentation. 10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 23  Some Industrial Microbiology Products in Our Daily Life… 10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 24  YAKULT Production Process 10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 25  https://youtu.be/-tKzj9tuzzQ?t=24 10/10/2024 Dr. Ismatul N.A. Ismail 26