1 OPTM4102_The Fundamentals_JC_2024(1).pdf

OPTM4102 *E It A AERTE/IMAT Sin https://www.glaucoma.org/glaucoma/anatomy-o...

OPTM4102 *E It A AERTE/IMAT Sin https://www.glaucoma.org/glaucoma/anatomy-of-the-eye.php 4  Anatomy of the Visual System Eye &***i H 33x X Zi &"T O 5 https://www.getbodysmart.com/the-brain/visual-cortex-areas ⑭E &. T Homeostasis and Clear Vision 6 Systemic Homeostasis and Clear Vision this to maintain self-regulating process. whch all of the system use Homeostasis internal stability in response to changing. An important basis of human physiology Homeostasis is important for proper eye function and health Definition: Co the tendency towards a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, - especially as maintained by physiological processes temp “Not too hot, not too cold; just right…” = optimal temperature homeostasis. What else? flow balance. - - blood pressure , 7 Systemic Homeostasis and Clear Vision Homeostasis is being interrupted Homeostasis in the eye Age-related macular degeneration - the Nutrition supply. **** Interrupt RsEEA https://www.mdfoundation.com.au/ 8 Systemic Homeostasis and Clear Vision Let AMD is less common but more severe & can lead to faster a more significant vision loss. It occurs when abnormal Homeostasis in the eye blood vessels are fragile & often leak blood and fluid. ↳ Age-related macular degeneration O Neovascular AMD Retina Sending message not getting : enough neutrian blood New :. Body is trying to vessels O / They are compromise that by leaky. - growing blood Vessels to H retina give more nutriens lead to bleeding scaring ,. of the retina. 9 Worse condition , https://www.mdfoundation.com.au/ :  Systemic Homeostasis and Clear Vision Homeostasis in the visual pathway gr may owi nee 4 grow size in compress the O - loss of Peripheral Vision (bitemporal hemianopsia). 10 Visual reduction https://moodle.skillscommons.org/ > acuity - > - Colour vision changes (less in Common ( Systemic Homeostasis and Clear Vision Homeostasis in the visual pathway * 11 Systemic Homeostasis and Clear Vision Homeostasis of the visual system Homeostatic reflex centre for the visual system STEPTY –What are the components? –How do they work? An example of “Homeostatic reflex centre for the visual system” Resource: https://antranik.org/the-principle-of-homeostasis/ 12  Systemic Homeostasis and Clear Vision Homeostasis of the visual system are not clear stimulus. Things # 13 Accommodation is the process of making things clear - :  Systemic Homeostasis and Clear Vision Accommodation and relaxe or tite convergence reflex. D doesn't O change E shape by Edinger Westphal nucleus itself O depends on the muscle. Structure and Function of the Visual System 15 Importance of anatomy Anatomy + Physiology Structure of the eye designed for optimal performance O https://anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ar.23469 16 Understanding Vision through Structure and Function of the Human Eye Ocular Anatomy + Physiology Structure of the eye designed for optimal performance Principles of Optics 1 (OPTM4101) ↳ ** AT https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-refraction-of-light-The-cornea-provides-more-than-two-thirds-of-the-total-refractive_fig2_282040072 17 Understanding Vision through Structure and Function of the Human Eye Ocular Anatomy + Physiology Structure of the Eye designed for optimal performance Principles of Optics 1 (OPTM4101) Or.. 0 long sight short sight. eye is , the shorter the length of 18 than is longer normal. eye Understanding Vision through Structure and Function of the Human Eye Ocular Anatomy + Physiology Understand the embryology of the eye. http://www.eophtha.com/posts/embryology-of-eye 19 Understanding Vision through Structure and Function of the Human Eye Cornea gets orygen & nutrients from tear film Ocular Anatomy + Physiology. Oxygen gets to dissolved into the tear film , that will Systemic functions to support seeing then supply to cornea. Imagine an avascular tissue within the visual system. How does it survive? CORNEA - Oxygen? Nutrients? Defense? Metabolic Waste? No just water lyer It contains nutrients & , , a blood vesse where ele. are O2 antimicrobial ( O2 -- agents O2 O2 O2 https://www.opticianonline.net/cet-archive/5865 H https://www.allaboutvision.com/resources/cornea.htm to dissolve prevents evaporation. 20 ozeygen gets lipid layer purpose of : keep the tear. fear film. in lotherwise dry out fast). Understanding Vision through Structure and Function of the Human Eye Ocular Anatomy + Physiology Systemic functions to support seeing Imagine an avascular tissue within the visual system. How does it survive? Blood supply to the retina blood vessels ~ No blood vessel supply & layer in photorecepter https://www.nature.com/articles/srep42201 21 Understanding Vision through Structure and Function of the Human Eye Ocular Anatomy + Physiology Technology behind clinical assessment Or https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32812132/ 22 Understanding Vision through Structure and Function of the Human Eye Ocular Anatomy + Physiology The power of research to inform (OPTM4103) Corneal Hypoxia and Contact Lens Wear (the Early Days…) O - grig back after contact lences is off Corena become. 23 https://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2159853 more acidic when is on contact level  Understanding Vision through Structure and Function of the Human Eye Ocular Anatomy + Physiology The power of research to inform (OPTM4103) cornea shouldn't have C blood vessles. cornea Cornea need energy = need oxygen. ↑ tryto giveoxygen. more G O over wearing > - - ↑ contact lences - Contact leaves cause Concluding : 24 - https://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2159853 https://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2159853 lack of O2 in Cornea 36 47 : : interupting when change.. Homestasis... Understanding Vision through Structure and Function of the Human Eye Ocular Anatomy + Physiology The ability of evidence-based research to transform clinical care ④ > but it's getting flat - i. DKI+ too high like 200 , #BKAGO: ② https://www.clspectrum.com 25 O2 can transmitted higher the DK/t , the more to the eye. Anatomy and Visual Perception 26 Vision vs visual acuity vs visual perception How is vision measure in the clinic? Visual perception Form perception Peripheral vision Light perception are not measured by the chart : Things > - colour vision. > - sensitivity to light. 27  Understanding Visual Perception through Anatomy either by patient Micropermetry : testing the central of the vision disease or have eye that spot doesn't have retina - I means I've shown the brightest light to the as possible but particular spot , the patient cannot. see it & https://tvst.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2770770 28 number the better vision (means patient can see that The higher the , particular spots. Understanding Visual Perception through Anatomy retina - no overlying · O O : showing means the I've but It lid lightest theis not possible Patient seeing , anything - C https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0039625718301577 Take no retina home , no message. function. 29 L Take home messages Homeostasis essential for normal body functioning – including vision Understanding anatomy leads to appreciation of ‘normal’ structure – identify what’s abnormal Structural and functional findings should correlate Many aspects of vision – not just reading chart 30