Medical Cell Biology PDF

Medical Cell Biology Teachers: Wenbo Deng; Shuangbo Kong; Bin Cao E-mail: [email protected] Cell phone: +86 17850568375 The introduction of Cell Biology How big a cell is? Different structures at different scale Everything is meaningful in a cell Different structures at diffe...

Medical Cell Biology Teachers: Wenbo Deng; Shuangbo Kong; Bin Cao E-mail: [email protected] Cell phone: +86 17850568375 The introduction of Cell Biology How big a cell is? Different structures at different scale Everything is meaningful in a cell Different structures at different scale Cell size and shape Is egg a cell? How to visualize different component in a cell? Seeing is believing The definition of Cell Biology The definition of cell biology 1. Cell biology is an experimental science;  The definition of cell biology 2. Cell differentiation and division is essential for the development of a multicellular organism;  The definition of cell biology 3. As the structure and function unit of life, cell ages.  What is cell biology? Cell biology is the study of cell structure and function, and it revolves around the concept that the cell is the fundamental unit of life. The important feature of cell biology: 1. Cell biology is an experimental science; 2. Cell differentiation and division is essential for the development of a multicellular organism; 3. As the structure and function unit of life, cell ages. Biology diversity Living organisms diverged from three great divisions Eubacteria archaea blood cell green alga Purkinje neuron Plant cells  Most Bacteria and Archaea Have 1,000–6,000 Genes Genetic information conserved since the days of the last common ancestor of all living things. A part of the gene for rRNA components of the ribosome is shown. Different species share similar genes (Abnormal Kit expression) Universal principles of living cells.  Universal principles of living cells 1 Genetic information stored in one-dimentional chemical sequences in DNA is duplicated and passed on to daughter cells Genetic and epigenetic regulation. Universal principles of living cells  Universal principles of living cells 2 One-dimentional DNA code both linear sequence and 3-D structure of RNAs and proteins. RNA structure  Universal principles of living cells 3 Macromolecular structures assemble from subunits  Universal principles of living cells 4 Membranes grow by expansion of preexisting membranes 1 Mitochondrial can only inherited from mother. 2 The ER play a central role in membrane biogenesis as the site of phospholipid synthesis.  Universal principles of living cells 5 Signal-receptor interactions target cellular constituents to their correct locations Hormones, growth factors, nutrients, neurotransmitters and toxins.  Universal principles of living cells 6 Cellular constituents move by diffusion, pumps, and motors. Electrochemical gradients or ATP hydrolysis is required for molecular pumps to drive molecular movement against concentration gradients.  Universal principles of living cells 7 Molecular feedback mechanism control molecular composition, growth, and differentiation.  Universal principles of living cells 1 Genetic information stored in one-dimentional chemical sequences in DNA is duplicated and passed on to daughter cells 2 One-dimentional DNA code both linear sequence and 3-D structure of RNAs and proteins. 3 Macromolecular structures assemble from subunits 4 Membranes grow by expansion of preexisting membranes 5 Signal-receptor interactions target cellular constituents to their correct locations 6 Cellular constituents move by diffusion, pumps, and motors. 7 Molecular feedback mechanism control molecular composition, growth, and differentiation.