Introduction to Horticulture PDF

Introduction ARAG 307 to Horticulture Dr. Abdul Jaleel Cheruth Dept of Aridland Agriculture FFA-UAEU  Horticulture ◼ Word first used in 1600’s ◼ Comes from two Latin words ◼ Hortus “Garden” ◼ Cultura “Cultivation” ◼ Horticulture...

Introduction ARAG 307 to Horticulture Dr. Abdul Jaleel Cheruth Dept of Aridland Agriculture FFA-UAEU  Horticulture ◼ Word first used in 1600’s ◼ Comes from two Latin words ◼ Hortus “Garden” ◼ Cultura “Cultivation” ◼ Horticulture means “cultivated garden” or “culture of garden plants”  Horticulture ◼ The science and practice of growing, processing and marketing fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants.  Diversity in Horticulture Fruit Flowers Vegetables Spices Datepalm Cocoa Medicinal & Aromatic Plants ◼ Horticulture Importance: …..Try to picture a day in the life of an average citizen without horticulture, what would it mean? No orange juice for breakfast, no strawberries on your cereal No flowers on the table No landscaping that enhances the value of your home, street No fruits or vegetables to enrich your diet No golf courses for your leisure time, no sports turfs for football…etc. No coffee break, no chocolate bars, no afternoon tea.  Introductory Horticulture ◼ Horticulture differs from agronomy and forestry because….. ◼ Requires more intensive management and higher labor inputs than other branches. ◼ Horticulture offers a higher gross return per unit area per unit time.  Divisions of Horticulture 1. Pomology - The science and technology of growing, handling, storing, processing, and marketing ___________. ◼ fruit 2. Viticulture - growing, harvesting, storing, processing, and marketing ________________. ◼ grapes  Divisions of Horticulture 3. Olericulture - growing, harvesting, storing, processing, and marketing ________________. ◼ vegetables 4. Floriculture - growing, harvesting, storing, designing, and marketing _________________. ◼ Flowers & greens  Divisions of Horticulture 5. Arboriculture - selecting, planting, and growing ______ in urban areas. ◼ Trees [Known as silviculture in forestry.Synonymous with urban forestry] 6. Landscape Maintenance - selecting, installing, and maintaining _________ plants in the landscape. ◼ ornamental  Divisions of Horticulture 7. Interiorscaping - selecting, installing, and maintaining ___________ plants in indoor environments. ◼ ornamental 8. Greenhouse Management - propagating and growing plants in ___________ and other controlled environments. ◼ greenhouses  Divisions of Horticulture 9. Nursery Management - propagating, growing, and selling __________ _________ in nurseries ◼ Trees & shrubs 10. Turfgrass Management - breeding, establishment, culture, and management of ___________. ◼ grasses  Two broad branches of horticulture ◼ Food production ◼ Fruits ◼ Vegetables ◼ Plants for aesthetic value ◼ Ornamental horticulture ◼ Landscape design and construction  History of Horticulture ◼ “Garden of Eden” ◼ Romanticized garden of paradise. ◼ Ultimate goal throughout history.  History of Horticulture ◼ Prehistoric people were primarily…. ◼ Hunters and gatherers. ◼ Collected seeds, fruits, and nuts.  History of Horticulture ◼ Primitive people began to study plants. ◼ Is it edible? ◼ Does eating it modify well-being? ◼ Does it taste good? ◼ Can it used to keep me warm? As fuel? As clothing? ◼ Is it useful to combat pain? Disease?  History of Horticulture ◼ When were plants first cultivated? ◼ Neolithic Age (7000 – 10000 years ago) ◼ First farmers were women!!!!  History of Horticulture ◼ By 3000 B.C. in Egypt ◼ Land preparation ◼ Irrigation ◼ Pruning  History of Horticulture ◼ Eventually people began asking questions such as….. ◼ How do they grow? ◼ How do they reproduce? ◼ How are they constructed? ◼ How are they nourished? ◼ How are they related to one another? ◼ How are traits passed from one generation to the next?  History of Horticulture ◼ Middle Ages ◼ Little advancement in horticulture ◼ Arabs (established botanical gardens) ◼ Scientific advances of Greeks and Romans were preserved in monasteries.  History of Horticulture ◼ Linnaeus (1707-1778) “L.” ◼ Swedish botanist. ◼ Developed binomial classification scheme for plants. ◼ Based on their sexual or flowering parts. ◼ Basis for all classification systems today. ◼ Built upon the work of the Greeks, especially Dioscorides.  Modern Day Horticulture ◼ New Cultivars ◼ The Rhizosphere ◼ Plant-Water ◼ Integrated Pest Relationships Management ◼ Temperature ◼ Plant Growth Regulators ◼ Light ◼ Mechanization ◼ Plant Nutrition ◼ Post Harvest Factors Let’s Review!