Pregnancy Exam Questions PDF

# Physiological characteristics of a pregnant woman include all of the following except + increase in functional residual capacity of the lungs - increased cardiac output - increased ventilation - increased oxygen consumption - increase in lung capacity during inspiration # For diagnosing early pre...

# Physiological characteristics of a pregnant woman include all of the following except + increase in functional residual capacity of the lungs - increased cardiac output - increased ventilation - increased oxygen consumption - increase in lung capacity during inspiration # For diagnosing early pregnancy, the most important are + ultrasound data - assessment of doubtful signs of pregnancy - assessing possible signs of pregnancy - vaginal examination data - immunological pregnancy tests # The most important sign of pregnancy during vaginal examination: + increase in the size of the uterus in accordance with the period of delay of menstruation, its soft consistency - softening in the isthmus area - hardening of the uterus upon palpation - asymmetry of one of the corners of the uterus - increase in uterine size # Determination of gestational age is based on: + all listed data - determining the height of the uterine fundus - ultrasound data - vaginal examination data at the first visit to the gynecologist - date of last menstruation # Ultrasound during pregnancy allows you to determine: + all of the above - gestational age - position of the fetus, localization of the placenta and its pathology - undeveloped pregnancy - fetal malformations # Leopold-Levitsky techniques allow you to determine: + all of the above - position and appearance of the fetus - relation of the presenting part to the inlet of the pelvis - nature of the presenting part - fundal height of the uterus # Leopold-Levitsky techniques allow you to determine + all of the above - position, appearance of the fetus - relation of the presenting part to the inlet of the pelvis - nature of the presenting part - fundal height of the uterus # The second Leopold–Levitsky technique determines: + position, appearance and type of fetus - nature of the presenting part - relation of the presenting part to the inlet of the pelvis - fundal height of the uterus - all of the above # At 40 weeks of pregnancy and average fetal size, the height of the uterine fundus and abdominal circumference should correspond to: + 100 and 32 cm - 105 and 38 cm - 85 and 32 cm - 95 and 32 cm - 85 and 30 cm # The fetal head in a primigravida at 40 weeks should be located in relation to the planes of the pelvis: + pressed to the entrance to the pelvis - above the entrance to the pelvis - fixed by a small segment at the entrance to the pelvis - fixed by a large segment at the entrance to the pelvis - in the narrow part of the pelvic cavity #. Methods for assessing the condition of the intrauterine fetus include: + all of the above - fetal auscultation data - counting the number of fetal movements during the day - amnioscopy - determination of hormone levels in the blood # The main criterion for assessing fetal maturity is: + fetal length - Apgar score - fetal weight - condition of sutures and fontanelles - gestational age # Term of the fetus is determined based on: + gestational age - fetal condition - body weight values - signs of physical development of the fetus - Apgar scale parameters # Cardiovascular changes during pregnancy include: + all of the above - physiological hypertrophy of the left ventricle - increase in cardiac output - increase in heart rate - horizontal position of the heart # The rate of opening of the uterine pharynx in primigravidas: + 1 cm per hour - 3 cm per hour - 2 cm per hour - 3 cm in 2 hours - there is no right answer # The rate of opening of the uterine pharynx in multiparous women: + 2 cm per hour - 1 cm per hour - 3 cm per hour - 3 cm in 2 hours - there is no right answer # Timely release of water should occur: + when the cervix is dilated by more than 6 cm - before contractions start - when irregular contractions occur - when regular contractions occur - when the cervix is dilated less than 6 cm # The beginning of labor should be considered: + the appearance of regular contractions leading to shortening and smoothing of the cervix - pressing the head to the entrance to the pelvis - the appearance of irregular contractions - the appearance of regular contractions - discharge of amniotic fluid # The second stage of labor begins: + from the moment of complete dilation of the uterine cervix - with the beginning of pushing - when cutting into the fetal head - when the fetal head erupts - with rupture of amniotic fluid # The latent phase of the first stage of labor is the period of time when: + one or more uterine contractions in 10 minutes and effacement and dilatation of the cervix up to 4 cm - irregular labor - regular contractions and cervical dilatation 5 cm - rupture of water and the appearance of bloody discharge from the vagina - irregular cervical pain up to 3 cm long # The active phase of the first stage of labor is the period of time when: + regular uterine contractions: more than 2 in 10 minutes and opening of the uterine cervix - more than 4 cm - one or more uterine contractions in 10 minutes and cervical effacement and dilatation to 3 cm - rupture of water and the appearance of bloody discharge from the vagina - regular cervical pain up to 2 cm long - regular labor and uterine cervix dilatation by 2 cm # Active management of the 3rd stage of labor is carried out + immediately after the birth of the fetus - after signs of placental separation appear - in 10 minutes - in 20 minutes - in 5 minutes # Heart rate in a newborn: + 120–160 beats/min - 80–100 beats/min - 100–120 beats/min - 160–180 beats/min - 160–200 beats/min # Prevention of ophthalmoblenorrhea is carried out + 1% tetracycline ointment - 2% silver nitrate solution - 3% silver nitrate solution - 2% sodium albucid solution - furatsilin solution # Duration of labor for first-time mothers: + 10-14 hours - 6-4 hours - 2-4 hours - 6-8 hours - up to 24 hours # Duration of labor in multiparous women: + 6-8 hours - 10 – 14 hours - 2 – 4 hours - up to 24 hours - 1 – 2 hours # The Apgar score does not include assessment of + weight and body length of the newborn - skin colors - states of nerve reflexes - heart rate and breathing rate of the newborn - muscle tone # The normal condition of the newborn is assessed using the Apgar scale + 8 – 10 score - 1 – 3 score - 4 – 5 score - 6-7 score 14 – 15 score # The Apgar scale allows you to evaluate: + severity of hypoxia - severity of respiratory failure - degree of maturity of the newborn - severity of hemolytic disease - there is no right answer # Complications that occur during pregnancy with pyelonephritis: + all specified complications - premature birth - fetal growth restriction syndrome - development of preeclampsia - fetal infection # The most common kidney disease in pregnant women is: + pyelonephritis - glomerulonephritis - urolithiasis disease - hydronephrosis - kidney tumors # Antibacterial drugs for the treatment of pyelonephritis in the first trimester of pregnancy: + penicillin antibiotics - aminoglycosides - tetracyclines - streptomycin - sulfonamides # Which of the following antibiotics should not be used by pregnant women: + tetracyclines - penicillins - ampicillin cephalosporins aminoglycosides # Tactics of pregnancy management for kidney diseases: + all of the above - hospitalization in early pregnancy to determine the severity of the disease - and the possibility of prolonging pregnancy - hospitalization in case of exacerbation of the disease or complications of pregnancy # The causative agents of gestational pyelonephritis can be: + All listed - Escherichia coli, Proteus, Klebsiella - Enterococci, staphylococci - Microbial associations - None of the above # With gestational pyelonephritis, the infectious agent penetrates the kidney more often + ascending urinogenic and hematogenous - lymphogenous route - hematogenous - contact and lymphogenous - during transfusion of blood and its preparations # Factors contributing to the development of pyelonephritis in pregnant women are + all listed - increased levels of progesterone and corticosteroids - decreased tone of the urinary tract, presence of reflux - compression of the ureters by the pregnant uterus - none of the above # Contraindications to prolonging pregnancy with pyelonephritis + all listed - kidney failure - pyelonephritis of a single kidney - arterial hypertension - none of the above # The most common form of anemia in pregnant women is: + iron deficiency hypochromic anemia - megaloblastic hyperchromic anemia - hypoplastic anemia - hemolytic anemia - aplastic # Factors contributing to the development of anemia in pregnant women: + all of the above factors - occupational hazards - birth interval less than 2 years - diseases of the gastrointestinal tract - multiple births # In the pathogenesis of hypochromic anemia in pregnant women, the following is important: + all of the above - impaired iron absorption in anacid gastritis - poor nutrition - increased iron consumption during fetal development - increased tissue turnover during pregnancy # In mild IDA, the hemoglobin level corresponds to + 110-90 g/l - 90-70 g/l - 70g/l and below - 130-120 g/l - none of the above # In case of moderate IDA, the hemoglobin level corresponds to + 90-70 g/l - 110-90 g/l - 70g/l and below - 130-120 g/l - none of the above # In severe IDA, the hemoglobin level corresponds to + 70g/l and below - 110-90 g/l - 90-70 g/l - 130-120 g/l - none of the above # The criterion for IDA in pregnant women is a decrease in hemoglobin below + 110 g/l - 80 g/l - 90 g/l - 100 g/l - 120 g/l # Increased blood pressure in combination with proteinuria during pregnancy indicates + preeclampsia - chronic hypertension - pyelonephritis - none of the above - glomerulonephritis # An increase in diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg and above at a gestation period of - up to 20 weeks is a symptom + chronic hypertension - mild preeclampsia - combined mild preeclampsia - pregnancy-induced hypertension - severe preeclampsia # In a pregnant woman with high blood pressure and proteinuria, severe headache is a symptom + severe preeclampsia - mild preeclampsia - moderate preeclampsia - threatened eclampsia - chronic hypertension # The first choice drug for preventing or treating seizures in severe preeclampsia or eclampsia may be: + magnesium sulfate - diazepam - hydralazine - corvitol - Corinfar # When treating eclampsia, an overdose of magnesium sulfate must be stopped: + administration of calcium supplements - administration of diuretics - introduction of GHB - administration of diazepam - none of the above # Anticonvulsant therapy for severe preeclampsia or eclampsia should: + carried out within 24 hours after delivery or the last spasm, whichever occurs last - be terminated immediately after birth - be terminated before birth - be carried out within 12 hours after delivery or the last spasm, whichever occurs last - continue as long as the hypertensive syndrome persists # Antihypertensive drugs should be administered to lower blood pressure in severe preeclampsia if diastolic blood pressure is diagnosed + 110 mmHg and above - 90 mmHg and above - Between 100 and 110 mm Hg - 120 mmHg and above - over 90 mmHg # The goal of antihypertensive therapy for severe preeclampsia or eclampsia is to maintain diastolic BP + between 90 mmHg and 100 mmHg - on normal numbers - below 80 mmHg - between 80mmHg and 90mmHg - at 100/110 mmHg. # Signs of eclampsia are: + convulsions and coma - albuminuria and edema - diarrhea - hypertension - decreased diuresis # The most common cause of maternal mortality in eclampsia: + brain hemorrhage - kidney failure - pulmonary edema - infection - brain edema # The classification of hypertensive conditions does not include: + renal hypertension - gestation hypertension. - chronic hypertension (hypertension up to 20 weeks) - severe preeclampsia - eclampsia # Severe preeclampsia is characterized by except; + twice increase in dbp of 90 mmhg. every 4 hours. - gestation period is more than 20 weeks - proteinuria up to 3g/l - other signs (symptoms) of severe preeclampsia - increase in DBP more than 100 mmHg with an interval of 4 hours # Express diagnostic method for consumption coagulopathy in late pregnancy: + bedside test - ethanol test - protamine sulfate test - ß-naphthalan test - PTI # A loading dose of magnesium sulfate is administered for severe preeclampsia. + iv 16 ml. for 5 minutes, 20 ml intramuscularly into each buttock - iv and im 10 ml. - iv 10 ml. for 5 minutes, 10 ml intramuscularly into each buttock - 10 ml intramuscularly into each buttock. - iv 15 ml. for 5 minutes, 10 ml intramuscularly into each buttock. # An attack of eclampsia can develop: + during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period - only during pregnancy - only during childbirth - outside of pregnancy - only in the late postpartum period # What drugs are considered hormonal methods of contraception? + regividon, triziston - hydrocortisone, duphaston - retabolil, choriogonic gonadotropin - omnadren, sustanon - clomiphene, prophasia # What does not apply to hormonal contraception + duphaston - regividon - novinet - logest - microgynon # How are synthetic progestins prescribed? + from the 5th to the 26th day of the cycle - from 1st to 21st day of the cycle - from the 5th to the 29th day of the cycle - from the 1st to the 27th day of the cycle - from the 3rd to the 25th day of the cycle # What complications often arise when using synthetic progestins? + headaches, dizziness, nausea, irritability - tachycardia, decreased libido - itching, epigastric pain - petechial rashes, hepatomegaly - constipation, thromboembolic complications # On what days of the menstrual cycle is the IUD inserted? + 1-7 days - 5-10 day - 10-12 day - 13-14 day - 20-25 day # Absolute contraindications for IUD insertion include: + acute and subacute inflammation of the genitals - kidney disease - pulmonary tuberculosis - heart disease - bronchial asthma # The contraceptive effect of oral contraception is associated with: + inhibition of ovulation, impact on the hypothalamic-pituitary system - effects on the adrenal glands - effect on the endometrium - effect on the ovarian follicle - impact on the fallopian tubes # Which contraceptives are less effective: + barrier and chemical methods - IUD - oral contraceptives - surgical - injectable contraceptives # What should be done if pregnancy occurs while taking oral contraceptives. + prolong pregnancy - terminate the pregnancy - continue taking medications - stop taking medications - start maintenance therapy # Name the role of estrogenic hormones in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, except: + causes secretory transformation of the endometrium - increased formation of contractile muscle protein in the uterus - increase in the amount of phosphorus compounds, glycogen - increased uterine tone - proliferation of the excretory ducts of the mammary gland # Indicate the incorrect answer for the effect of progesterone on a woman’s body: + increased uterine tone - causes secretory transformation of the endometrium - inhibits myometrial contractility - stimulates the growth of mammary gland parenchyma - affects fat metabolism # Mechanism of action of copper-containing IUDs + prevents implantation of the fertilized egg - inhibits ovulation - blocks the fallopian tubes - inhibits sperm migration - causes endometrial atrophy # The scope of primary contraception counseling includes: + information about all existing methods of contraception - information about an appropriate method of contraception - information about the advantages and disadvantages of hormonal contraception - information about the side effects of the IUD - information about natural methods of contraception # The scope of secondary contraception counseling includes: + information about the patient’s chosen method of contraception - information about the contraceptive method selected by the doctor - information about the side effects and benefits of hormonal contraception - mandatory screening and counseling on all contraceptive methods - mandatory examination, ultrasound, health counseling # Which method of contraception is contraindicated for an actively smoking woman over 35 years of age? + COC - pure progestine - voluntary surgical sterilization - IUD - spermicides # Which of the following is not a progestin-only contraceptive (PPC)? + 17 OPK - Mini-pili - Depo-Provera - Norplant - Noristerate # The main side effect of progestin-only contraceptives +menstrual irregularities - amenorrhea - breast engorgement - nausea, vomiting - thromboembolic disorders # Depo-Provera injection is done through: + 3 months - 1 month - 2 months - First after 3 months, then after 4 months - None of the above # Contraindications to breastfeeding are: + maternal HIV infection, diphtheria - maternal fever - diphtheria, hepatitis, Anemia - low birth weight baby - rhesus immunization # The most acceptable method of contraception for a couple in which one of the partners is HIV-infected + Condom - COC - pure progestine - IUD - voluntary surgical sterilization # HAART therapy is: + highly effective antiretroviral therapy - detoxification therapy - general restorative therapy - immunostimulating therapy - anti-inflammatory therapy # Specify the method of HIV transmission from mother to fetus + all of the above - hematogenous - transplacental - iatrogenic - vertical # Carriage of HIV infection continues for + all life - 5 years - about 20 years - depends on the route of infection - 40 years # The most common infection of the fetus and child with HIV occurs + during childbirth - in utero - in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy - in the 1st trimester of pregnancy - when breastfeeding # Childbirth in HIV-infected people: + require the same prevention of all complications as in the general population - have no special features - occurs with a large number of complications - require bleeding prevention - there is no correct answer # The causative agent of genital herpes is + HSV - HPV - CMV - Treponema pallidum - Sarcoptes scabiei # Standard Precautions for Infection Prevention (PI) include: + application of infection prevention measures to all patients and health care workers - application of infection prevention measures to hospitalized patients - listing specific symptoms and syndromes present in hospitalized adults and children - application of isolation measures based on transmission routes - applying infection prevention measures to health care workers only # What is the first step in processing used tools: + disinfection in 0.5% chlorine solution for 10 minutes - rinse under running water - soak in cleaning solution for 10 minutes - soak in 3% chlorine solution for 1 hour - soak in 3% chlorine solution for 20 minutes # Used disposable needles and syringes should be: + rinse the needle in a 0.5% chlorine solution and place it in a puncture-resistant container along with the syringe - rinse in running water followed by disinfection - be sure to bend and break the needle to avoid repeated use - recap the needle and throw it in the trash. - soak in 3% chlorine solution for 20 minutes # Blood-soaked cotton wool and gauze: + dispose of in a leak-proof container - soak in a 0.5% chlorine solution for 10 minutes, and then throw away - soak in 3% chlorine solution for 20 minutes - throw away with other trash - there is no correct answer # When sterilizing as opposed to deep disinfection + all known microorganisms die, including endospores - practically no different - all known microorganisms die except fungal spores and endospores - vegetative forms of microorganisms die - all of the above # How many germs are removed by proper hand washing with soap: + 80% - 50% - 20% - 40% - 10%