1-2 Kings 2014.pptx

1-2 Kings Old Testament Survey Details Originally one book “Kings” until Septuagint Author: Tradition – Jeremiah, large majority of scholars reject this.  - Definitely written from a Deuteronomistic perspective Likely written in the context of exile Takes up where 1-2 Samuel leaves off Pur...

1-2 Kings Old Testament Survey Details Originally one book “Kings” until Septuagint Author: Tradition – Jeremiah, large majority of scholars reject this.  - Definitely written from a Deuteronomistic perspective Likely written in the context of exile Takes up where 1-2 Samuel leaves off Purpose: Unlikely concerned with socio-politico- economic history. Much more theological, especially as it relates to the observance of the Mosaic covenant. Thus, the Kings that were extensive in their observance or lack their of are given more impact than Kings who were more influential politically. 930 Kingdom Divides 10 to the North (Israel) 2 to the South (Judah) 722 Assyrian Exile 587/6 Babylonian Exile 10 Tribes 12 tribes 2 Tribes 2 Tribes Time in which 1-2 Kings transpires/covers (red area). A period of around 375 years. Timeline of the Kings The Death of David, and the Rise of Solomon Adonijah attempts to be King Nathan and Bathsheba catch wind of Adonijah’s plan and approach David David appoints Solomon as his successor Adonijah fears for his life, Solomon grants him mercy David’s charge to Solomon. Read 2:1-4, 10-12 “his rule was firmly established”… UNITY Solomon’s Reign Solomon does some housekeeping Follows David’s dying requests Eventually kills Adonijah for his request for David’s virgin Shunammite Solomon asks for wisdom Pleases God: Gives wisdom and wealth Legendary Wisdom (Wise Ruling) The Glory Days … 4:20 “The people of Judah and Israel were as numerous as the sand on the seashore, they ate, they drank and were happy.” From exile??? Temple and Palace 1 Kings 5-8 Details of the building and furnishings of the temple. Read 1 Kings 6:37 -7:2. Why inserted in the middle of the temple details? Great description of Temple dealings, the furnishings and dedication ceremony.   1 Kings 6:12-13 1 Kings 9:1-9 Solomon’s Reign Described by 5 W’s 1.) Wisdom – Solomon asked for wisdom and God promised to him. 2.)Worship – Solomon’s greatest masterpiece was the Temple. However, his foreign wives lead him astray to the worship of false gods and idols. 3.)Women – For political security Solomon married many foreign princesses. 700 wives, 300 concubines 4.) Wealth – God promised it to him. Received great amounts of tribute from other countries. 5.) Writings – He is credited with the book of Ecclesiastes, the Song of Solomon, much of Proverbs, and Psalms 72 and 127. Also, 1 Kings 4:32  Taken from O.T. Survey handout, Barclay College, Tom Hinderliter handout 1999. Deuteronomistic Solomon achieves great success.  10:23-11:6    Great wealth (10:23 “King Solomon was greater in riches and wisdom than all the other kings on the earth”) Great numbers of horses (10:26 “Solomon accumulated chariots and horses; he had fourteen hundred chariots and twelve thousand horses.”) Many foreign woman (11:1-3 “King Solomon, however, loved many foreign women…. He had seven hundred wives of royal birth and three hundred concubines and his wives led him astray.” Read 11:4-6 Recall Deuteronomy 17:14-20 The Fall of Solomon 1 Kings 11:1-13 “The Lord raised up against Solomon an Adversary.”    Hadad the Edomite Jeroboam Kings 11: 27-35 Solomon dies (serves for 40 years) Rehoboam A KINGDOM DIVIDED 930 B.C. Rehoboam rejects the counsel of the older elders to lighten the burden on his subjects, instead takes counsel of young companions to increase the burden. In return the people rebel. Jeroboam leads the Northern tribes (Israel) into worship of Golden calves. The evaluation of Kings Northern Kingdom = Israel •10 Tribes Southern Kingdom = Judah •2 Tribes •Judah and Benjamin The Evaluation of the Kings Kingdoms are compared with whether or not they are devoted to the Lord. Important phrases: “He did evil in the eyes of the LORD” and “He did what was right in the eyes of the LORD.” These phrases will usually be compared of those kings before them. Largely evaluated on the worship of Yahweh or the erection of foreign gods and idols. The Evaluation of the Kings Example 1 Kings 15:1-15 Pattern continues all the way through the end of 2 Kings; with the exception of a break for the life of key prophets 1 Kings 17:1- 2 Kings 8:15 (Elijah/Elisha and others) The Rise of the Prophets Elijah (1Kings 17-22) Prophecies drought to Ahab Showdown on Mt. Carmel Elijah flees to Horeb  Goes to a cave, God reveals himself Elijah condemns Ahab Prophecies God’s judgment on Ahab for stealing vineyard Taken to heaven on chariot The Rise of the Prophets Elisha (2 Kings 2-8) Performs numerous miracles  Ministers to the needy  Heals Naaman  Prophecies deliverance and oppressions Israel’s Exile (Northern 10 Tribes) Hoshea: The last king of Israel Assyria attacks Israel for 3 years They never return as a people. Their national identity is wiped out. Read 2 Kings 17:1-20, 34-40. Kingships Given Special Attention Extra good kings Asa - Son of Rehoboam (great grandson of David) reigned 41 years (Judah) “did what was right in the eyes of the Lord, as his father David had done.” “Asa’s heart was fully committed to the Lord all his life.” Kingships Given Special Attention Extra good kings Hezekiah – reigned 29 years in Judah “trusted in the Lord, the God of Israel. There was no one like him among all the kings of Judah, either before him or after him. He held fast to the Lord and did not cease to follow him; he kept the commands the Lord had given Moses. And the Lord was with him’ he was successful in whatever he undertook.”  Was not taken captive under Assyrian campaign.  Kingships Given Special Attention Extra good kings Josiah – becomes King at 8 years old, reigns over Judah 31 years.      “Did what was right in the eyes of the Lord” Book of the Law is discovered, reads it, inquires of the Lord. Renews covenant with God. Destroyed false gods/altars. “Neither before nor after Josiah was there a king like him who turned to the Lord as he did with all his heart and with all his soul and with all his strength, in accordance with the Law of Moses.” Kingships Given Special Attention Extra bad kings Ahab – reigned 22 years in Israel.   “did more to provoke the Lord, the God of Israel, to anger than did all the kings of Israel before him.” Lots of foreign God worship. Manasseh – becomes king at 12, reigns 55 years in Judah      “did evil in the eyes of the Lord.” Rebuilt foreign altars his father had destroyed. Sacrificed his own son to fire God judges Jerusalem and Judah for Manasseh’s ways. “Manasseh also shed so much innocent blood that he filled Jerusalem from end to end.”