Nuclear Chemistry Overview PDF

NUCLEAR OVERVIEW CHEMISTRY NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY the study of nuclear reactions and their uses in Chemistry Radioactive elements are widely used in medicines as diagnostic tools and as a means of treatment, especially in cancer NUCLEAR...

NUCLEAR OVERVIEW CHEMISTRY NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY the study of nuclear reactions and their uses in Chemistry Radioactive elements are widely used in medicines as diagnostic tools and as a means of treatment, especially in cancer NUCLEAR REACTIONS changes in matter originating in the nucleus of an atom RADIATION: the emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or as moving subatomic particles, especially high-energy particles which cause ionization When nuclei change spontaneously, emitting radiation, they are said to be radioactive WHY DO NUCLEAR REACTIONS OCCUR? Unstable nuclei wanted to be stable. Neutron to proton ratio NATURAL RADIOACTIVE PARTICLES Some nuclei are unstable as they occur in nature. The types of radiation emitted are: ✓ Alpha particles ✓ Beta particles ✓ Gamma Decay ALPHA-DECAY An atom of 241Am95 undergoes alpha decay and produces an alpha particle. Write a chemical equation showing this reaction. BETA-DECAY 𝐴 𝐴 0 0 𝑍𝑥 → 𝑍+1𝑦 + −1𝛽 + 0𝑣ҧ 𝐴 𝐴 0 0 𝑍𝑥 → 𝑍−1𝑦 + +1𝛽 + 0𝑣 The neutrino and the antineutrino are high energy elementary particles with little or no mass and are released in order to conserve energy during the decay process An atom of 26Si14 undergoes a beta-minus decay. Write a chemical equation showing this reaction An atom of 44K19 undergoes a positron beta decay. Write a chemical equation showing this reaction GAMMA EMMISSION 𝐴 ∗ 𝐴 ′ 0 𝑍𝑥 → 𝑍𝑥 + 0𝛾