010_Chapter 4 Transport system n where they are found.docx

**CHAPTER** **Learning Outcomes:** - **Describe the characteristics of transport systems in cities.** - **Describe the locations of transport nodes in cities.** - **Explain the reasons for transport systems in cities.** **Transport Systems** - **A transport system** a. b. - **A...

**CHAPTER** **Learning Outcomes:** - **Describe the characteristics of transport systems in cities.** - **Describe the locations of transport nodes in cities.** - **Explain the reasons for transport systems in cities.** **Transport Systems** - **A transport system** a. b. - **A transport system is made up of three main elements\_** a. b. c. **Network Density** - **Movement between each location requires a transport network.** - **A transport network is made up of** a. b. - **A transport network consists of sets of nodes and routes.** - **Network density is the number of nodes and routes in a location.** - **The higher the number of nodes and routes, the higher the network density.** - **Cities have** a **higher network density** compared to **rural areas.** - **A dense transport network makes it** a. b. -- -- - - - - **Understanding Nodes and Routes in a Scale** - **local** a. b. - **regional** a. b. - **global** **Quality of Transport infrastructure** - **The quality of its infrastructure determines how well and how reliably a transport system performs.** - **Good quality infrastructure ensures the efficiency of the movement of goods and people.** - **A good quality transport infrastructure includes various components. a, roads** - **Indicators of quality transport infrastructure are** a. b. **Variety of Transport Modes** - **There are various modes of transportation in a city offering a range of journeys.** a. b. c. d. - **Examples of the various modes of transport:** i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. - **Non-motorised modes such as bicycle and foot (walking) are encouraged i▪ n citi▪ es.** - **Car sharing and bike sharing schemes also help to reduce environmental footprints.**  - - - - - - - **Concentration of Activities** - **Cities offer a variety of important services.** - **Transport nodes are often located near such services to allow more people to access them\_** - **In Singapore, Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) stations are concentrated around the central business district (CBD).** - **The first two major nodes for the Singapore MRT system were concentrated around Raffles Place and City Hall, both located in the CBD,** - **Nodes are major access points for people to connect for employment and services.** - **Other major nodes such as the Little India, Chinatown and Botanic Gardens** **Level of Accessibility** - **Accessibility is the ease of reaching destinations or activities.** - **Major transport nodes such as interchanges are usually located in areas** - **A place with high accessibility is a place that** can **be reached easily within a given time and cost.** - **Time and cost are two common variables that determine how people choose a travel mode.** - **Time and** cost is a concrete way **to determine a location\'s accessibility.** a. b. **Reasons Why Transport Systems** - - - - a. b. c. - - - - - a. b. i. ii. **Movement of Goods and Services** - **Transport systems facilitate** a. b. - **The rise of e commerce has resulted in a greater movement of goods that are delivered from door to door.** - **Transport systems also allow essential services to be delivered to communities that lack access. E.g., water trucks deliver water to households with no access to piped water in Mexico City, Mexico, and areas stricken by drought in California, USA also get their water from water trucks.** - **In Singapore, tank trucks deiiver petroleum to petrol kiosks, and chilled trucks deliver ice, or frozen food to our food centres and supermarkets.** **Connecting Different Transport Modes** - **Transport systems eases the connections between transport modes and between cities.** **Connecting Transport Modes** - **Journeys made from one location to another can be unimodal or intermodai.** a. b. - **Cities have different modes of transport.** - **Each mode has its own optimal conditions for** a. b. -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- **Figure 4.3 The optimal distance travelled and the size of goods that can be\ carried by different modes of transport.** - - - a. b. - - - -- -- +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - connects set iocations | - - | | directly without any | | | interruption of service | | | | | | - allows people to travel | | | between locations directly | | | | | | | | | | | | - - | | | | | | ti | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ -