01. Cloud Computing - Introduction to Cloud Computing.pdf

Introduction to Cloud Computing IT4090 – Cloud Computing  Lecture Outline Evolution of IT Infrastructure Cloud Computing Characteristics Cloud Computing Service Models Cloud Computing Deployment Models Cloud Service Providers Cloud Computing Be...

Introduction to Cloud Computing IT4090 – Cloud Computing  Lecture Outline Evolution of IT Infrastructure Cloud Computing Characteristics Cloud Computing Service Models Cloud Computing Deployment Models Cloud Service Providers Cloud Computing Benefits Evolution of IT Infrastructure Introduction to Cloud Computing  IT Infrastructure Evolution Stages Mainframe / Mini Computers Personal Computer Client / Server Computing Web Based Enterprise Applications Cloud Computing / Mobile Computing  History of Electricity In mid 1800s, factories generated their own electricity using dynamos and generators. Issues with self generating electricity Spend a lot of money to buy, install and maintain. Need to maintain a specially skilled engineers. Need spare parts for the equipment. can not prepare Higher operating costs, which is an overhead to the business. Essentially, lot of money, time and effort spent to generate electricity, which is neither the core business nor the core skill. Electricity in past ---> had to generate by themself in past need Hardware equipment/need mony,setup,connect these things, place/  History of Electricity In late 1800s, electricity providers emerged. They had larger number of electricity generators installed and distributed electricity to customers over wires. Those who needs electricity paid a monthly cost and used it. Advantages No need to buy and maintain expensive machines. No need to maintain specially skilled engineers to maintain these machines. Just connect to the grid and consume power. No need to pay money upfront, pay for what you consume. Anyone can consume the service, and it is easy to get connected. Cloud computing-> set of services provided to us by providers. We are the consumers  somone came to buy from ecommerse website --think in traditional process Traditional IT sign agreemnets/licens/hw/sw Decision to Go Ahead PO Issued /purchased orders HW Implementation SW Implementation Select Vendors HW Shipment DC Preparation /data center Implementing SW POC & Evaluate Licenses for HW/SW Cabling & Rack Mounting Testing Go Live Architectures Contracts / SLAs HW Installations Deploying Negotiations UAT /user acceptance test requirements/think.... 1 – 2 Months 2 – 3 Months 1 – 2 Months 2 – 4 Months 6 – 12 Months  this workload/storage/processing power -->IDEA when working with applications-->processing power not enough sometimes we expect this much ppl but not so waste of requirements flexible /efficiant way--> cloud computing Inefficiencies in Traditional IT Allocated Load Forecast IT-capacities “Under-supply“ of capacities “Waste“ of Fixed cost of IT CAPACITY capacities IT-capacities Barrier for innovations Actual Load TIME  Cloud: A Better Alternative pay only for what you are using if you not need service stop the paying 1 2 3 4 Provision Pay as you Go (PAYG) Add / Remove (resources) Destroy and stop Environments pricing (pay for what capacity as and when paying if you don’t (Servers, Networks, you provision as you required. need it. Storage, Databases, use) Apps) in minutes.  Cloud Computing and the IT Industry IT Industry uses Cloud Computing the same way we use electricity. Before Cloud Every company had their own data center, expensive to implement and maintain. store data /HW/configure /expertice need/ Had to maintain specialized engineers to maintain the data center. Deviated from their core business maintain and spend time for these things ) With Cloud No need to maintain a data center Consume resources as you wish and pay for what you consume Can focus more on the core business no more own data set,,just get the service who provide those servises  blue line- Actual Load The Cloud Way black line- how flexible that u need Load Allocated IT Forecast capacities IT CAPACITY No “under-supply“ Reduction of Possible “over-supply“ reduction of IT- capacities in case of reduced Reduction load of initial investments Actual Load TIME  Why do we need Cloud? ability to get change based on results/requirements.. Business Agility Customer Experience Cost Faster time-to-market Always available services Pay-as-you-Go Foster innovation Multiple venues / regions Transform Capital Expenditure Flexibility and Scalability (CAPEX) to Operational Expenditures (OPEX) Focus on core business Cost savings  national institute of standers technlogy NIST Definition of Cloud delivery of different services over the internrt allows users to quickly deploy, manage, and scale resources Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, can be accessed from anywhere on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. highlighted parts are characteristic Source: National Institute of Standards and Technology  whenever you want somthing you can have it/need somthing u can have it/no need to interact with service provider /service provider given the service u have to do is whatever u want to take it (just as a restaurant u goo and select the thing u like) On-demand self-service Consumers can provision computing resources Virtual serves, Network, storage Can be provisioned on-demand (whenever you need Essential it) Characteristics No interaction with the service provider is needed of Cloud Resource Pooling Providers computing resources are pooled Dynamically assigned and reassigned to demand Customer has no knowledge over exact location May specify location at a higher level (Region, Country) Shared pool /providers have so many resources/when client are requesting resources from that pool they are going to dynamically allocate resources for the consumer based on requirmnts  - scaliability -ability to grow or expan d (plan and do) and elasticity -same thing can happen immediately or auto (again and again) Rapid Elasticity to be ready for use Ability to elastically provision and release May happen automatically in line with the demand Broad network access Essential can use anywhere in the world Capabilities are available over the network Characteristics Access is through standard mechanism for heterogenous clients of Cloud pay for what we using /// track?how many hours what Measured Service u use like this --moniter (helping u to how to optimize the resources) Automatically control and optimized resources using metering capability Pay-per-use basis Resources usage can be monitored, controlled and reported Is Cloud a Technology or a Model? Cloud is not a technology Cloud can be thought of as an either A Business Model like infrastructurw A Delivery Model Underlying technology behind cloud is Virtualization technology behin cc is virtualizing Which way going to give ur service to the client Cloud Service Models Source: https://askmedawaa.wordpress.com/2018/01/25/what-is-oracle-cloud/  Service comes under computer domain creating servers/instenses comes under IAAS Setting up the server and giving to the consumer to run their application Provider manage underlying physical cloud infrastructure and the virtualization layer Infrastructure Consumers provision servers, databases and networks and other resources as a Service (IaaS) Consumer create their own platforms and deploy applications on top of provisioned resources Example Services Content Delivery Service Backup and Compute Storage Networks Management Recovery  (provider create db and all consumer store data there) give platform to work Provider manage the infrastructure and the platform to host applications Platform as a Consumers deploy onto cloud the applications created or acquired by the consumer and can change hosting configurations Service (PaaS) Applications need to support the languages, libraries, services and tools supported by the provider Example Services Business Development Application Database Integration Intelligence and Testing Deployment  office 360 Use the providers application running on cloud Software as a Consumer does not manage infrastructure or application Service (SaaS) Consumer might be able to do limited user specific application configuration changes Example Services Email and Office Customer Relationship Content / Document Enterprise Resource Collaboration Productivity Management (CRM) Management Planning (ERP) NIST Cloud Computing Reference Architecture  Actor Definition Cloud Consumer A person or organization that maintains a business relationship with, and uses service from, Cloud Providers. who are going to use service /Us Actors in Cloud Provider A person, organization, or entity responsible for making a service available to interested parties.providing different services /Make a service available Cloud Cloud Auditor A party that can conduct independent assessment of cloud services, information system operations, performance and moniter security of the cloud implementation. Computing Cloud Broker An entity that manages the use, performance and delivery of cloud services, and negotiates relationships between Cloud Providers and Cloud Consumers. get requirmnet of client and match and find best solution Cloud Carrier An intermediary that provides connectivity and transport of cloud services from Cloud Providers to Cloud Consumers. connectivity and cludsrvices providers and consumers (internet providers)  Public Cloud Cloud Private Cloud Deployment Models Hybrid Cloud Community Cloud  acccsess by anyone Provisioned for open use by the general public Operated by a service provider organization Located on premise of the cloud provider Characteristics Public Cloud Cost-effective On-demand virtually unlimited scalability Zero maintenance Continuous uptime Low level of data security Access over internet Multi-tenant Regulatory compliance  private info_Only within oranization_security is high Provisioned for exclusive use by a single organization Multiple business units may consume it Can be owned and managed by the organization , a third party or a combination Private Cloud May be located on or off premises Characteristics High data security Less risky Single tenant & compliance Reliable Expensive Management overhead  Combination of private, public or community clouds May enable portability of data and applications within the clouds by standards or proprietary technologies Hybrid Cloud Characteristics Secure and safe Cost-effective Flexibility and scalability Portability between private & public Data transfer  importent for specific cominuty acedemic works those community can shre Provisioned for exclusive use by a specific community of consumers with shared concerns Concerns may be security, regulatory requirements, Community compliance etc. Cloud Can be owned, managed and operated by an organization in the community, a third party or a combination Ex:- Government Clouds service model are -how the servises are given (iaas) How the product/final output given to the outside -private cloud 9  There are close to 300 cloud service providers in the world. Top 6 CSPs Amazon Web Services (AWS) Microsoft Azure Cloud Service Google Cloud Platform (GCP) Providers IBM Cloud Alibaba Cloud (CSP) Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) 120 Billion Dollars global revenue was projected for 2020 before the pandemic  60% of the cloud market share is divided among the top three, that is Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure and the Google Cloud Platform Cloud Service AWS – 33% and holding since 2017 Providers Azure – 20% and increasing from merely a 11% in 2017 to 20% in 2020 (CSP) GCP – 7% and holding around the same value since 2017 Others cater to less than 40% of the market Gartner Magic Quadrant  References https://www.nist.gov/publications/nist-definition-cloud-computing https://www.nist.gov/publications/nist-cloud-computing-reference- architecture https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/evolution-infrastructure-paul-m-veillard/ https://emuseum.ucsc.cmb.ac.lk/