Pakistan GK PDF

Basic information about Pakistan: Official name: Islamic Republic of Pakistan Independence Day: 14 August, 1947 Government: Parliamentary form Emblem/symbol: Faith, Unity, Discipline National Language: Urdu Official Language: English National Poet: Allama Muhammad Iqbal National Anthem: Hafeez jalan...

Basic information about Pakistan: Official name: Islamic Republic of Pakistan Independence Day: 14 August, 1947 Government: Parliamentary form Emblem/symbol: Faith, Unity, Discipline National Language: Urdu Official Language: English National Poet: Allama Muhammad Iqbal National Anthem: Hafeez jalandhary National Animal: Markhor National Bird: Chakor National Flower: Jasmine National Tree: Deodar National Sports: Hockey National Dress: Shalwar Qameez National Juice: Sugarcane Juice Literacy Rate: 59.16% COMPETITIVE STUDY CHANNEL Page 1  IMPORTANT DATES 1857 War of independence 1864 Sir sayyed founded scientific society 1875 Sir sayyed founded M.A.O school at Aligarh 1905 Partition of Bengal 1906 Simla Deputation 1906 All India Muslim League was founded 1909 Minto Marley Reforms 1913 Quaid joined muslim league 1916 Lucknow Pact 1919-23 Khilafat movement 1924 Kamal atta Turk Abolished khilafat 1928 Nehru report 1929 Jinnah 14 points 1930 Iqbal’s Address of Allahbad 1930-32 Round table conference 1940 Lahore resolution 1942 Cripps Mission 1945 Wavell plan 1945-46 Election of indo-pak 1948 Establishment of state bank 1949 Objective resolution 1951 Murder of Liaquat Ali khan 1958 First martial law 1971 Establishment of Bangladesh 1999 Kargil War 1998 Nuclear tests 2015 CPEC COMPETITIVE STUDY CHANNEL Page 2 FIRST in Pakistan Fatimah Jinnah was dentist by profession Pakistan opened its first embassy in Iran Egypt was first to open its embassy in Pakistan. Iran was first to recognize Pakistan First state to join Pakistan was Bahawalpur, 1954 First constitution of was enforced on March 23,1956 First lady federal minister Vikarun Nisa Noor (Tourism) First lady governer Rana Liaquat Ali (sindh) 1973-1976 First woman university is located in Rawalpindi First commander in chief of Pakistan army was Frank Miservi First chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff committee was General M Sharif First daily newpaper is Amroz 1947 First Muslim Commander in Chief of Pakistan was FM Ayub Khan First President of AJK, Sardar Ibrahim Khan First T.V station was setup at Lahore on 26 Nov 1964 Dr Fahmida Mirza was the first female National Assembly Speaker First Lady Major General: Dr Shahida Malik First constructed barrage: Sukkur Barrage Headquarter of Ghandhara civilization is Taxila Ruins of Harapa were found in Sahiwal Laragest railway tunnel is Khojak Kalabagh dam is planned on the Indus River at Kalabagh in Mianwali District Highest dam in Pakistan is Mangla dam Largest dam is Tarbela Rawal dam is on Korang River Khanpur dam is near Haripur on Haro River Mangla dam is in AJK on Jhelum River (Highest) COMPETITIVE STUDY CHANNEL Page 3  Warsak dam (smallest dam) is in NWFP near Peshawar on Kabul River. Mirani Dam is in Balochistan near Turbat Largest fort is Rani Kot. Lahore fort was built by Akbar. Rohtas Fort was built by Sher Shah near Jhelum. First to receive Nishan e Haider was Capt Sarwar Shaheed Nishan e Pak is the highest civil award of Pak Second highest civil award is Hilal e Pak Ayub National Park (Rawalpindi) is the largest park of Pak Lahore museum is the biggest in Pak Largest railway station is in Lahore Mountain ranges are Himalaya, Karakorum, Hindu kush, Suleiman and Salt range Highest peak is K-2 ( Godwin Austin), in Karakoram range with 28,250 feet height Broad peak is in karakoram range Tirich mir is the highest peak of hindu kush Highest mountain system in the world is Himalayas Mount everest is in Himalaya range Nanga parbat is situated in Himalayan Margalla hills of Islamabad are extension of Himalaya range Largest glacier of Pak is Siachen Khyber pass connects Peshawer-Kabul The highest point of the Khyber pass is Landi kotal Simla pact was signed on 3 july,1972 Khinjer is the largest manmade lake in Pakistan (Sindh) Manchar lake is the biggest lake in Pakistan (Sindh) Saif ul maluk lake is near Naran The first atomic power station of Pakistan was installed in Karachi Largest desert is Thar (Sindh) COMPETITIVE STUDY CHANNEL Page 4  Cholistan desert is in Bahawalpur district Largest mine is salt mines of khewra Largest nuclear reactor of KANUPP, Karachi Oldest cantonment of Pak is Kohat Under Indus water basin treaty pak got Jhelum, Chenab & Indus. India got Ravi, Sutlej and beas. 5 rivers flow in Punjab Indus, jehlum, Chenab, ravi and Sutlej Chenab and Jhelum flow from Kashmir River Kabul joins Indus river at Attock. Length of pak-india border is 1610 km Length of pak-iran border is 805 km Length of pak-china border is 595 km Length of pak-afghan border is 2250 km or 1300 miles Durand line is between Pakistan and Afghanistan Pakistan has its longest boundary with Afghanistan Hafeez jallandhari wrote the national anthem of Pakistan Khawaja nizamudin succeeded Quaid e azam as a second governor general Liaquat ali khan was assassinated in Rawalpindi in 1951 Ch rehmat ali coined the word Pakistan Allama iqbal died in Lahore on April 21th, 1938 Quaid e Azam died in Karachi on Sep 11, 1948 Maj Gen Sikander mirza served both as the president and governor general Allama iqbal wrote many books of poetry which include bang e dara, bal e jibril, zarb e kaleem and zaboor e ajam & ramooz e bekhudi Shaheen & ghouri are Pakistan’s surface to surface missiles. Agni and prithvi are the names of Indians two medium range surface to surface missiles. Asif ali zardari is the only democratic president of Pakistan to complete his five years tenure.( 2008 to 2013) COMPETITIVE STUDY CHANNEL Page 5  Mian M Nawaz shareef made history by becoming PM of Pakistan for the 3rd time Gawadar became a part of Pakistan on Sep 9, 1958 Baluchistan is 43% of total pak NADRA stands for National Database Registration Authority Tomb of Jahangir is at Lahore Tomb of Baba Farid is in Pakistan Tomb of sachal sir mast is in Pakistan Sher shah built GT road Karakoram highway passes through khunjarab pass M-1 motorway is between Islamabad-Peshawar Bambore is in Thatta Sahiwal is the new name of Montgomery Nur mahal is located at bahawalpur Shah Jahan built Shalimar garden Minar e Pakistan is also called minto park Data ganj baskh is the author of khasful mahjoob Thar coalfield is the biggest coal field of Pakistan Faisalabad is commonly known as little Manchester Sindh is called Bab ul Islam Saindak is famous for copper, silver and gold Firdausi wrote Shahnama and was also a court poet of Mahmud of Ghazni Things to know: Downing street 10 is famous for the official residence of British prime minister, located in Westminster, England The Great Wall of China was completed in 204 B.C. it is 1500 miles long. Its average height is 25 feet and 12 feet wide at the top The leaning tower of PISA (Italy) built in the 12th century, stands in a slanting position about 14 feet from the perpendicular HAMAS is the name of an Islamic resistance movement in occupied Palestine COMPETITIVE STUDY CHANNEL Page 6  Saudi Arabia is the largest exporter of oil in the world World famous golden gate bridge is located in San Francisco (USA) Russia invaded Afghanistan on Dec 27, 1979 Hong Kong was returned to china on July 1, 1997 Nelson Mandela’s African national congress (ANC) won the first ever general elections of south Africa held in 1994 The velocity of light is 299729 km/sec. (186282 miles/sec) 1 inch is equal to 2.54 centimeters & 1 mile is equal to 1.6 km SAARC ( south Asian association for regional cooperation) was founded in 1985 Air is composed of nitrogen (78.08%), oxygen (20.95%), argon (0.94%) and carbon dioxide (03%) Mustafa Kamal popularly known as Kamal Ataturk (1881-1938) was founder of modern Turkey Currently UNO consists of 193 countries The people’s republic of china was established in 1949 Neil Armstrong became the first human to walk on the surface of the moon Shanghai cooperation organization (SCO) was founded in 1999. Capital & location of the countries: Name of country Capital Afghanistan Kabul Argentina Buenos Aires Australia Canberra Austria Vienna Azerbaijan Baku Bangladesh Dhaka Belgium Brussels Bosnia & Hezegovina Sarajevo Brazil Brasilia Bulgaria Sofia Canada Ottawa, Ontario China Beijing Cuba Havana Czech republic Prague Denmark Copenhagen Egypt Cairo COMPETITIVE STUDY CHANNEL Page 7  Ethiopia Addis ababa Finland Helsinki France Paris Germany Berlin greece Athens Hungary Budapest India New Dehli Indonesia Jakarta UAE Abu Dhabi UK London USA Washington DC Uruguay Montevideo Uzbekistan Tashkent Venezuela Caracas Vietnam Hanoi Yemen Sana Zambia Lusaka Zimbabwe Harare CAPITALS Iraq Baghdad Ireland Dublin Israel Jerusalem Italy Rome Japan Tokyo Kazakhstan Astana Jordan Oman Kenya Nairobi North Korea Pyongyang... Kosovo Pristine Kuwait Kuwait city Kyrgyzstan Bishkek Lebanon Beirut Libya Tripoli Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Maldives Male COMPETITIVE STUDY CHANNEL Page 8  Mali Bamako Mexico Mexico City Monaco Monaco Morocco Rabat Nepal Katmandu Netherlands Amsterdam New Zealand Wellington Nigeria Abuja Norway Oslo Oman Muscat Panama Panama city Peru Lim Philippines Manila Poland Warsaw Portugal Lisbon Qatar Doha Romania Bucharest Russia Moscow Saudi Arab Riyadh Senegal Dakar Serbia Belgrade Singapore Singapore Somalia Mogadishu South Africa Pretoria Spain Madrid Sri Lanka Colombo Sudan Khartoum Sweden Stockholm Switzerland Bern Syria Damascus Taiwan Taipei Thailand Bangkok Turkey Ankara World’s most populous countries: China India United states Indonesia Brazil COMPETITIVE STUDY CHANNEL Page 9  Pakistan Famous international lines: Control line: boundary line between Azad Kashmir and India Durand line: boundary line between Pakistan and Afghanistan (1300 miles length) Maginot line: it is French line of fortification, built in 1934, along the German border from Switzerland to Belgium McMahon line: it is the boundary line between India and china Radcliffe line: Boundary line between India and Pakistan LOC: Line of control, refers to boundary between Pakistani Kashmir and Indian occupied Kashmir 740 Km Mountainous ranges in Pakistan: Karakoram Range, highest peak is k-2 (8,611 m or 28,244 feet) Himalaya range, highest peak in Pakistan is Nanga Parbat (8126 m or 26,653 feet) Hindukush range, highest peak is Tirich Mir (7690 meters or 25,230) Highest mountains in Pakistan: World rank Rank(Pakistani) name Height (m) Location 2 1 k-2 Karakorum 9 2 Nangaparbat Himalaya 11 3 Gasherbrum 1 Karakoram 12 4 Broad peak Karakoram 13 5 Gasherbrum 2 Karakoram Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW) He (saw) was born in 571 AD 22nd April. Fathers’ name : Hazrat Abdullah Mothers’ name: Hazrat Amna 6 months before Holy Prophets’ birth His (SAW) father died Hazrat Abdullah died at Madina COMPETITIVE STUDY CHANNEL Page 10  Bibi Amna suckled Prophet for 3 days Hazrat amna was buried at Abwa between Makkah and Madina Prophet (SAW) had no brother and no sister The name Muhammad was proposed by abdul mutlib while name Ahmed was proposed by bibi Amna Hashim was grandfather of holy Prophet and brother of hazrat Abdul mutlib Holy prophet had two real paternal uncles (zubair and abu talib). Prophet had 6 aunts Holy prophet belonged to banu hashim, clan of quraish tribe. Besides hazrat Halema (RA) the holy prophet (pbuh) said that umm e aeman also my mother. The foster mother (s) of the holy prophet (pbuh) hazrat halema, hazrat sobia and hazrat khola (RA). For 6 years hazrat halema took care of prophet. For 6 years hazrat Halima took care of Prophet. Hazrat Amna died 6 years after birth of Holy Prophet. For two years Hazrat Abdul Mutlib took care of Holy Prophet Hazrat Abdul Mutlib died after 8 years from birth of Holy Prophet Holy Prophet journeyed to Syria with abu talib at the age of 12 years. At 25 Holy Prophet married to Hazrat Khadija Holy Prophet had 4 daughters and 3 sons Qasim was the 1st of the Holy Prophet’s child to be born The eldest daughter of Prophet was Hazrat Zainab Youngest daughter Bibi Fatima Zaid bin Haris was the adopted son of Holy Prophet Sir name of Holy Prophet was Abu ul Qasim Hazrat Khadija was the first to accept Islam in women and all Hazrat Abu bakar was the first one to accept Islam in men Hazrat Ali accepted first in children COMPETITIVE STUDY CHANNEL Page 11  Hazrat Bilal habshi was the first to accept Islam in slaves Holy Prophet prayed for 2 years In cave Hira before first revolution At age of 40 Holy Prophet received first wahi. Warqa bin nofil verified Holy Prophet for the first time In 622 A.D Holy Prophet migrated to Madina 35 was the age at the time of Hajr e Aswad incident Wife of Abu Lahab used to spread throne in the way of Prophet Al-kaswa was the name of camel on which Holy Prophet travelled Holy Prophet purchased land at madina from 2 orphans 45 companions were with the Holy Prophet in migration to Madina Holy Prophet recited Surah e Fateh at the conquest of Makkah Hijra took place at 13th Nabvi Prophet spend his last days in Ayesha’s house and died at the age of 63 King of the Iran tore the message of holy prophet Holy prophet address khutab-e-Jummah for the first time in first hijrah One lakh companions accompanied holy prophet at Last hajj. In miraj, holy prophet travelled from bait ul muqadas to sidra tul muntaha. In miraj, hazrat jibraeel called Azaan in bait ul muqadas. Holy prophet led all the prophets in a prayer in miraj at al-aqas Allah rasool Muhammad was written on the seal of holy prophet (SAW). Holy prophet performed only one Hajj (in 10 A.H) and 4 umras (in 7 A.H). Battles of Islam Total no. of ghazwas 27. First Gazwah of Islam was Widdan or Abwa,fought in 12th month of 1 A.H. 624 Battle of badar was fought in 17 ramadan, 2 hij. 313 Muslims fought and number of Kufar was 1000 in Ghazwa Badar. Ghazwa Badar is named as Yaum ul Furqan. COMPETITIVE STUDY CHANNEL Page 12  Abu jhel was killed by Ma-ooz and Ma-aaz in Ghazwa Badar. 625, Battle of Uhad,3 hij. In battle of uhad, Muslim women participated firstly. In the battle of uhad,the person killed by the holy prophet was ubay bin kalf. In the battle of uhad,the teeth of Holy prophet were martyred. 626, battle of rajih,4 hij. 627, battle of Khandaq(ahzab) 5 hij. The battle of khandaq is also known as battle of Ahzab. Ditch Dug on border of Syria with Help of 3000 companions in 2 weeks. In Ghazwa Khandak Holy Prohet PBUH missed four prayers. 628, Treaty of Hudaibiya, 6 hij. Hazrat Khalid Bin Walid Accepted,Islam in 6 hij. Conquest of Khyber,6 hij. Khyber was captured in 20 days. 629, Battle of mautta,Preaching of islam to various kings,7 hij. First Islamic Non Arab was battle of mautta,7 hij. Khalid Bin walid was titled Saif-ul-Allah in battle of Mautta. 630, Battle Of hunain, Conquest of MAkkah,8 hij. Conquest of makkah took place on 30th Ramadan Conquest of makkah is called aam ul fatah The flag colour of Holy Prophet was white and yellow at conquest makkah time 631,ghazwa e tabook was fought in 9 hij For battle of tabuk,Abu bakr donated all his belongings Last ghazwa was tabook 632 hijjat ul wada , 10 hijj 680 tragedy of karballah , 61 hijj Fateh mobeen is called to Sulah hudaibiya Battle in which Holy Prophet not participated is Saria Heb e fajjar means war fought in prohibited months COMPETITIVE STUDY CHANNEL Page 13  Total number of Sarias is 53 or 56 Holy Prophet stayed at Makkah for 53 years and 10 in madina Hazrat Ali established Bait ul Maal Masjid Aqsa is first mosque built on earth Salaat; 48 rakats in total farz prayers Namaz e khasoof offered for solar and solar eclipse Namaz e istiska is prayer for rain blessing of Allah pardon and sleep namaz e istika is offered with backside of hands upward salaat e istikhara is offered for coming hajat salah e hajat is offered for prevailing hajat Eid Namaz is wajib Nawaz e tarawih is Sunnat Tahajud means abandon sleep Qaada is to sit straight in Salat Jaisa is a short pause between two sajdas Qaumaa is standing straight during rukus Farz in wuzu=4…, Sunats=5 In fajr, Maghrib and Witr,no change in farz rakaat in case of Qasr Jumma prayer is farz Salaat The Jumma prayer is not compulsory for women’ Five salat made compulsory in 10th nabvi The act of shortening one’s prayer while on journey is called qasr Jumma prayer is farz salaat Namaz ba jamat is 27 times better than individual namaz COMPETITIVE STUDY CHANNEL Page 14  There are 4 takbeers in Namaz e janazaa ZAKAT/FASTING Zakat means to purify Zakat was made obligatory in 2 A.H 7-1/2 is the nasaab of gold and 52-1/2 tolas for silver Injunction of utilization of zakat is in Surah al Tauba Fast means to stop Feed 60 people in atonement for breaking the fast or 60 continuous fasts Bab ul rayen is door for fast observing people Tarawwih means to rest Month of Ramadan is known as sayyeed us shahoor 1st Ashra of Ramadan=ashra of rehmat 2nd Ashra of Ramadan=Ashra e maghfirat 3rd Ashra = Ashra e nijaat HAJJ Hajj means to intend’ Hajj made compulsory and offered in 9 AH The Holy Prophet performed only one Hajj in 10 Hij There are 3 types of Hajj First structure of Kaaba was built by Adam Ibrahim and Ismail built Kaaba 4500 years ago Yum e Nahar is called to the day of sacrifice Yum e Arafat is 9th Zilhaj One khutba is recited during hajj Al-imam is the surah in which Hajj is commanded Running b/w safa and marwa seven times is called Sayee In hajj there are 3 obligations The gate which is the best for pilgrims to enter in kaba in Qaba e Islam COMPETITIVE STUDY CHANNEL Page 15  Hajra e Aswad means black stone Sayee is commences at Safa and ends at Marwa. Al-QURAN Kalima Tayyeba is mentioned in Quran for 2 times The word Quran means “read one” 114 total number of surahs 86 Makki surahs 28 madni surahs 14 bows are in Quran 7 stages in Holy Quran 558 rukus 6666 number of Ayats Al-Baqarah is longest surah Al-Naas is last surah Al-Fateha is the preface of Holy Quran Five verses were revealed in first wahi Namaz commanded in Quran 700 times Al-tauba does not start with Bismillah’ Hazrat Usman was first Hafiz of Holy Quran 12 gazawahs described in Holy Quran In surah al saf Holy Prophet is addressed as Ahmed Surah Yaseen is known as heart of quran Sarah e Rehman is called uroos ul quran First revealed surah was surah al Alaq Subject of Holy Quran is man Last surah revealed is Al-Nasr Milk is best drink mentioned in Al-Quran’ Honey is the best eatable thing mentioned in quran’ COMPETITIVE STUDY CHANNEL Page 16  Divorce is most disliked halal thing by Allah Night of Qadr is best ight mentioned in quran Ramzan is best month mentioned in quran Surah ikhlas is considered as 1/3 of Holy Quran Taurat was first revealed book Risalat means to convey message 25 Prophets mentioned in Holy Quran Longest ayat of Holy quran is Ayat al Kursi Surah e maryam holy revealed for a woman Holy quran was revealed in 22y 5M 14D First surah compilation wise is Al-Fatiha Fatiha means opening Fateha is also called um ul kitaab The earth and heaven is created by Allah in 6 days described in surah yunus In quran Rooh ul amin is Jibrael In charge of provisions is Mikael The angel was sent to prophets as helper was jibrael The angel who carried punishment for disobedience sometimes is Jibrael Meaning of baqarah; Cow UMMUL MOMINEEN Prophet’s wives are called um ul momineen First woman to lead to an Islamic army Hazrat Ayesha ( jang e jamal) Hazrat Ayesha narrated maximum number of Ahadith. Companions of Holy Prophet: Hamza and hussain are known as leaders of martyrs Periods of caliphs: Hazrat abu-bakar (632-634) 2y 3m Hazrat umar 634-644 (10y 5m 21d) COMPETITIVE STUDY CHANNEL Page 17  Hazrat usman 644-656 (12y) Hazrat ali 656-661 (4y 9m) Real name of hazrat abu bakar was Abdullah Hazrat umer farooq was martyred on 1st muharram 24.A.H Hazrat umer introduced hijri calendar Hazraat usman is known as zul noorain because he wedded with two daughters of holy prophets : rukya+ umm e Qalsoom Asadullah and haider e karar were the epithets of hazrat ali Hazrat Ali married hazrat Fatima in 2nd hijri Hazrat ali was martyred on 21th Ramadan 40 A.H In ghazwa Uhad, hazrat Ali was awarded with zulfiqar Hazrat umar established the office of qazi Only sahabi who did not see holy prophet is awais karni Ghani was the title of hazrat usman Hazrat ali has the title the gateway to knowledge First moazin of islam, hazrat bilal The home of hazrat abu ayub ansari was the first place where the holy prophet stayed in Madina. Holy books: The Torat ( revealed on hazrat Musa (A.S) The Zaboor was revealed on Hazrat Dawood (A.S) The Injeel was revealed on hazrat Issa (A.S) Angels: Each human is attended permanently by two angels Hazrat jibrael (A.S) is referred in the quran as ROOH-UL-Ameen Hazrat Mekael (A.S) is the incharge of rain and eatings for creatures Hazrat Mekael (A.S) is the incharge of provisions Hazrat Izrael (A.S) is called as Malk-ul-moot Duty of Hazrat Gabriel is to convey Allah’s message to nabi Hazrat Israfiel will blow Soor. COMPETITIVE STUDY CHANNEL Page 18  Oldest mosque on earth is kaabatullah Istalam is kissing of hajr e aswad Deen e hanif is an old name of islam Qiblah means anything in front Greatest angel per islam is jibrael Barzakh: time period between death and day of judgment First man to embrace islam on the eve of fateh e makkah was abu suffiyan Charter of madina was issued on 1 A.H Transfer of qibla was ordered in 2 A.H Prophet hazrat Noah (AS) known as sheikh al anbiya Hazrat umer proposed azan for the first time On 27th rajab, 10 nabvi the event of miraj took place Omaar bin hisham was the original name of abu jehl First azan was called out in 1 A.H Jehad was allowed in 2nd hijrah Bait e rizwan took place in 6th hijra Bait e rizwan also known as bait e shajra made under keekar tree Cave of sour is located near makkah 5 miles Nabvi mosque constructed in 1 AH rabi ul awal Friday is known as syed ul ayaam Shab e barat is celebrated on the 15th night of shabaan At koh e safa holy prophet addressed after conquest makkah Kabeel killed habeel because he wanted to marry akleema Abul basher is called to be hazrat adam Hazrat adam built first mosque on earth Height of adam was 90 feet Age of adam at the time of his death was 950 years Ibrahim was thrown in to the fire by the order of namrood COMPETITIVE STUDY CHANNEL Page 19  Abrahim is called khalilullah, father of prophets and idol destroyer. Mother of ismail was hajraah Zam zam emerged from beneath the foot of hazraat ismaeel in the valley of batha (makkah) Hazrat ismail discovered hajr e aswaad Hazrat ismaeel is called as zabeeullah and abu al arab Whale swallowed Hazrat younus 1 lac 24 thousands prophets were sent Hazrat Musa had impediment in tongue Ten Commandments were revealed on Hazrat Musa The miracle of pregnant camel is concerned with Hazrat Saleh Ashab e kahf Slept for 309 years the number of ashab e kahf was 7 Prophet Dawood has the title of najeeb ullah Hazrat Essa has the title of Rooh Ullah Toor e sina was the mountain where Hazrat Musa Received the messages of Allah World Organizations UNO – United Nations Organization Established on 24 October 1945 Headquarters: New York City, USA Pakistani Membership: 30 September , 1947 Total Members : 193 Secretary General _______________________ Deputy Secretary General _________________ WTO – World Trade Organization Founded: 1 January 1995 Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland COMPETITIVE STUDY CHANNEL Page 20 WHO – World Health Organization Established on 7 April 1948 Headquarters – Geneva, Switzerland IMF – International Monetary Fund Established on 27 December 1945 Headquarters – Washington, USA United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Headquarters – New York, US Head – _________________ Founded on – December 1946 ADB – Asian Development Bank Motto: Fighting poverty in Asia and the Pacific Established on 19 December 1966 Headquarters – Manila, Philippines UNESCO – United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Founded: 16 November 1945 Headquarters: Paris, France North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) COMPETITIVE STUDY CHANNEL Page 21 Headquarters – Brussels, Belgium Founded on – 4 April 1949 it is basically a defense alliance which was established to provide security to European states against communist aggression UNHCR – United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Formation – 14 December 1950 Headquarters – Geneva, Switzerland Commonwealth of Nations Headquarters – London, UK Founded on – 28 April 1949 IAEA – International Atomic Energy Agency Established on July 29, 1957 Headquarters – Vienna, Austria Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) Headquarters – Vienna, Austria Founded on – 1960 International Cricket Council (ICC) Headquarters – Dubai, UAE Founded on – 15 June 1909 The Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) Headquarters – Zurich, Switzerland COMPETITIVE STUDY CHANNEL Page 22 Founded on – 21 May 1904 ARAB League Founded on 1945 Headquarter Cairo (Egypt) ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nation) Headquarters: Jakarta, Indonesia Founded: August 8, 1967 Members: Indonesia, Thailand, Singapore, Vietnam, Malaysia, Philippines, ECO (Economic Cooperation Organization) Headquarters: Tehran, Iran Founded: 1985 Members : Afghanistan , Azerbaijan , Iran , Kazakhstan, Pakistan ,Tajikistan , Turkey , Uzbekistan D 8 Countries ( Developing Eight ) Headquarters : Turkey Members : Bangladesh, Egypt, Nigeria, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Pakistan, and Turkey. GCC (Gulf Cooperation Council) Headquarters: Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Founded: May 25, 1981, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates Members: Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman , Saudi Arab , UAE Interpol (International criminal police Organization) Headquarters : Lyon, France Founded on 1956 COMPETITIVE STUDY CHANNEL Page 23 NAM (Non-Aligned Movement) Headquarters: Central Jakarta, Indonesia Founded: 1961, Belgrade, Serbia OIC (Organization of Islamic Cooperation) Headquarters: Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Founded: September 25, 1969 Members: 57 Pakistani membership date : 1969 SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) Founded: December 8, 1985, Dhaka, Bangladesh Headquarters: Kathmandu, Nepal Members: Afghanistan. Bangladesh. Bhutan. India. Maldives. Nepal. Pakistan. Sri Lanka. CENTO (Baghdad Pact) The Central Treaty Organization, originally known as the Baghdad Pact Founded: February 24, 1955 Headquarters: Ankara, Turkey COMPETITIVE STUDY CHANNEL Page 24 Extinction: 1979 MOST PROMINENT IN THE WORLD Area in Square Miles Percent of Total Land Continent (Square Km) Area on Earth 57,308,738 Sq. Miles The World 100% (148,429,000 Sq. Km) Asia (including the 17,212,000 Sq. Miles 30.0% Middle East) (44,579,000 Sq. Km) 11,608,000 Sq. Miles Africa 20.3% (30,065,000 Sq. Km) 9,365,000 Sq. Miles (24,256,000 North America 16.3% Sq. Km) 6,880,000 Sq. Miles (17,819,000 South America 12.0% Sq. Km) 5,100,000 Sq. Miles (13,209,000 Antarctica 8.9% Sq. Km) 3,837,000 Sq. Miles (9,938,000 Europe 6.7% Sq. Km) 2,968,000 Sq. Miles (7,687,000 Australia (plus Oceania) 5.2% Sq. Km) Continent Longest River Length Africa Nile River 4,157 miles (6,690 km) long Antarctica none n/a Asia Yangtze River 3,434 miles (5,530 km) long Australia Murray-Darling River 2,310 miles (3,720 km) long Europe Volga River 2,290 miles (3,700 km) long 2,540 miles (4,090 km) + 2,340 miles (3,770 km) North America Mississippi-Missouri River long South America Amazon River 3,915 miles (6,300 km) long Ocean Area Average Depth (ft) Deepest depth (ft) Pacific 63,780,000 sq mi Mariana Trench, 36,198 feet 15,215 ft (4,028m) Ocean (165,250,000 sq km) (11,033 m) deep Atlantic 41,080,000 sq mi 10,950 ft (3,926m) Puerto Rico Trench, 28,231 ft deep Ocean (106,400,000 sq km) Indian 28,400,000 sq mi 13,002 ft (3,963m) Java Trench, 25,344 ft deep Ocean (73,560,000 sq km) Southern 7,848,000 sq. miles 13,100 - 16,400 ft deep the southern end of the South COMPETITIVE STUDY CHANNEL Page 25  Sandwich Trench, 23,737 ft (7,236 Ocean (20,330,000 sq km) (4,000 to 5,000 meters) m) deep Arctic 5,400,000 sq mi 3,953 ft (1,205m) Eurasia Basin, 17,881 ft deep Ocean (13,990,000 sq km) Largest Airport: King Abdul Khalid International Airport (Saudi Arabia) Tallest Animal : Giraffe Largest Animal : Blue Bottom whale Largest Bay : Hudson Bay, Canada. Fastest Bird : Swift Largest Bird : Ostrich Smallest Bird : Humming bird Longest Bridge : Huey P. Long Bridge (USA) Tallest Building : Dubai Burj (Dubai) Longest Canal : Baltic sea White Canal Largest Continent : Asia Smallest Continent : Australia Largest Country (Area) : Russia Smallest Country (Area) : Vatican City Most Populous City : Tokyo Longest Day : June 21 Shortest Day : December 22 Largest Desert : Sahara, North Africa Largest Gulf : Gulf of Mexico Largest Island : Greenland Largest Lake : Caspian Sea. Largest Mosque : Jama Masjid, Delhi (India) Highest Mountain Peak : Mount Everest (Nepal) Highest Mountain Range : Himalayas, Asia. Tallest Minaret : Qutub Minar, Delhi (India) Biggest Oceans : Pacific Ocean Deepest Oceans : Pacific Ocean Largest Park : National Park of North-Eastern (Greenland) Biggest Planet : Jupiter Smallest Planet : Mercury Brightest Planet : Venus Coldest Planet : Neptune Nearest Planet (to the Sun) : Mercury Farthest Planet (from the Sun) : Neptune Longest River : Nile, Africa Largest Sea : South China Sea Longest Wall : Great Wall of China Highest Waterfall : Angel (Venezuela) Hottest Place : Azizia (Libya) Lightest Gas : Hydrogen Fastest Animal : Cheetah Largest Democracy : India COMPETITIVE STUDY CHANNEL Page 26