Rank the following ions in increasing order of their predicted ΔHhydr values, considering only the magnitude of ΔHhydr. (Hint: Cl⁻ and S²⁻ are similar in size): Cl⁻, Br⁻, S²⁻. Rank the following ions in increasing order of their predicted ΔHhydr values, considering only the magnitude of ΔHhydr. (Hint: Cl⁻ and S²⁻ are similar in size): Cl⁻, Br⁻, S²⁻.
Understand the Problem
The question asks to rank the given ions (Cl⁻, Br⁻, and S²⁻) in increasing order based on the magnitude of their enthalpy of hydration (ΔHhydr). The enthalpy of hydration is related to the charge density of the ion; higher charge density leads to a more negative (larger magnitude) ΔHhydr. We need to consider both the charge and size of the ions to determine the relative magnitudes of their ΔHhydr values.
Answer
Br⁻ < Cl⁻ < S²⁻
The hydration enthalpy (ΔHhydr) becomes more negative as the ion's charge density increases. Charge density is the ratio of charge to size. Therefore, given that Cl⁻ and S²⁻ are similar in size, and Br⁻ is larger than Cl⁻, the order of increasing magnitude of ΔHhydr is: Br⁻ < Cl⁻ < S²⁻.
Answer for screen readers
The hydration enthalpy (ΔHhydr) becomes more negative as the ion's charge density increases. Charge density is the ratio of charge to size. Therefore, given that Cl⁻ and S²⁻ are similar in size, and Br⁻ is larger than Cl⁻, the order of increasing magnitude of ΔHhydr is: Br⁻ < Cl⁻ < S²⁻.
More Information
The magnitude of the heat of hydration increases with higher charge and smaller ionic radius.
Tips
A common mistake is not considering that magnitude means ignoring the sign.
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