Define confounding.
Understand the Problem
The question asks for the definition of 'confounding' within the context of research studies. Understanding confounding is crucial for interpreting study results accurately, as it refers to a distortion in the apparent effect of an exposure on an outcome due to the influence of a third factor.
Answer
Confounding means to cause confusion. In research, it refers to a variable that influences both independent and dependent variables, causing a misleading association.
Confounding refers to something that causes confusion or perplexity. In research, a confounding variable is an outside factor that influences both the independent and dependent variables, leading to a misleading association.
Answer for screen readers
Confounding refers to something that causes confusion or perplexity. In research, a confounding variable is an outside factor that influences both the independent and dependent variables, leading to a misleading association.
More Information
Confounding variables can lead to inaccurate conclusions about the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. Researchers use various methods to control or adjust for confounding variables, such as randomization, restriction, and statistical techniques.
Tips
A common mistake is to confuse confounding variables with mediating variables. Confounding variables affect both the independent and dependent variables, while mediating variables explain the relationship between them.
Sources
- CONFOUND Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster - merriam-webster.com
- Confounding - Wikipedia - en.wikipedia.org
- Confounding Variables | Definition, Examples & Controls - Scribbr - scribbr.com
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