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Questions and Answers

¿Cuál es un síntoma inicial común de la enfermedad de Alzheimer?

  • Dificultad para aprender cosas nuevas (correct)
  • Temblor en las manos
  • Rigidez muscular
  • Problemas de equilibrio

¿Qué porcentaje de la población mayor de 65 años se ve afectado por la enfermedad de Alzheimer?

  • 1% al 3%
  • 25% al 30%
  • 15% al 20%
  • 5% al 10% (correct)

¿Cuál de los siguientes síntomas NO es asociado típicamente con la enfermedad de Parkinson?

  • Temblor en una parte del cuerpo
  • Alteraciones en el lenguaje (correct)
  • Bradicinesia
  • Rigidez muscular

¿Cuál es el tratamiento recomendado para la enfermedad de Parkinson?

<p>Ejercicios aeróbicos y fisioterapia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Cuál de los siguientes es un trastorno de salud mental relacionado con los trastornos del estado de ánimo?

<p>Trastorno Depresivo (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Qué aspecto es esencial en el tratamiento de la enfermedad de Alzheimer?

<p>Mantenimiento de la actividad del paciente (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Cuál es un síntoma típico de la enfermedad de Parkinson?

<p>Temblor y rigidez muscular (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Qué porcentaje de la población mundial se estima que tiene la enfermedad de Parkinson?

<p>0,3% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Cuál es el síntoma principal de la esclerosis múltiple?

<p>Sensación generalizada de fatiga (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Qué tratamiento es comúnmente utilizado para la esclerosis múltiple?

<p>Terapias físicas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Qué trastorno del estado de ánimo se caracteriza por cambios extremos entre depresión y manía?

<p>Trastorno bipolar (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Cuál de los siguientes es un síntoma que puede resultar de la esclerosis múltiple?

<p>Dificultades para concentrarse (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Cómo se asocia la esclerosis múltiple al sistema inmunitario?

<p>Ataca la vaina de mielina (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Qué caracteriza al trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo (TOC)?

<p>Pensamientos obsesivos y comportamientos compulsivos (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Qué combinación de tratamientos se sugiere para la esclerosis múltiple?

<p>Terapias físicas y medicamentos (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Qué porcentaje de casos de esclerosis múltiple se detecta en mujeres?

<p>69% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Cuál de los siguientes NO es un síntoma común de daño en el sistema nervioso?

<p>Fiebre alta (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Qué tipo de daño en el sistema nervioso puede ser causado por la exposición a tóxicos?

<p>Trastornos metabólicos (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Los síntomas de la enfermedad de Parkinson comúnmente incluyen:

<p>Movimientos inusuales (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

La esclerosis múltiple se caracteriza por:

<p>Destrucción de la mielina en el sistema nervioso central (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Un posible síntoma de trastornos del estado de ánimo relacionado con daño en el sistema nervioso es:

<p>Alteraciones en el sueño (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Entre las causas de daño en el sistema nervioso, ¿cuál es considerada un trastorno autoinmune?

<p>Esclerosis múltiple (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Cuál de los siguientes síntomas de daño en el sistema nervioso podría manifestarse como dificultad para coordinar movimientos?

<p>Temblores (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Los tratamientos para la enfermedad de Alzheimer suelen centrarse en:

<p>Aliviar síntomas y mejorar la calidad de vida (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Alzheimer's Disease

Most common dementia; affecting 5-10% of over-65s. Symptoms worsen with age, including learning/memory problems, disorientation, behavior changes, and mood shifts.

Parkinson's Disease

Motor disorder caused by dopamine deficiency; affecting mostly men over 60 (0.3% globally).

Dementia

Group of brain disorders causing cognitive decline including memory loss.

Neurodegenerative Disorders

Diseases affecting the nervous system, causing progressive damage.

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Symptoms of Alzheimer's

Include difficulty learning, memory problems, disorientation, behavior changes, and mood shifts.

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Symptoms of Parkinson's

Tremor, rigidity (muscle stiffness), slow movement (bradykinesia), postural problems, and speech/writing difficulties.

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Dopamine Deficiency

Lack of dopamine, a neurotransmitter, impacting movement and mood.

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Treatment for Alzheimer's

Focuses on maintaining patient activity, daily routines, and emotional support through routine and social engagement.

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Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

A disease where a person's immune system attacks the protective covering (myelin) of nerve fibers, causing problems with movement, vision, and more.

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Symptoms of MS

Vary but commonly include fatigue, walking difficulties, loss of coordination, numbness, vertigo, slurred speech, and vision problems

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Cause of MS

The exact cause is unknown, but research suggests that the immune system is involved.

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Treatment for MS

Combination of therapies and medication; therapies focus on improving coordination, balance, and mobility, while medications manage symptoms.

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Major Depressive Disorder

Severe sadness and loss of interest or pleasure in activities.

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Bipolar Disorder

Extreme mood swings between depression and mania.

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Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

Frequent, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and/or repetitive behaviors (compulsions).

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Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis

Affects approximately 2.8 million people; most common in women (69%), and around age 32.

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System Nervous Damage Causes

System nervous damage can result from trauma, infections, tumors, blood flow disruptions, genetic disorders, metabolic problems, or exposure to toxins.

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System Nervous Damage Symptoms

Symptoms of nerve damage include weakness, numbness, tremors, coordination problems, vision changes, headaches, delayed development, and cognitive decline.

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System Nervous Damage: Trauma

Damage caused by physical injury to the nervous system.

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System Nervous Damage: Infections

Damage to the nervous system caused by pathogenic microorganisms or viruses.

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System Nervous Damage: Tumors

Abnormal cell growths impacting the nervous system structure.

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System Nervous Damage: Blood Flow Interruptions

Damage caused by disruptions in blood supply to nervous tissue.

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System Nervous Damage: Genetic Disorders

Damage caused by inherited gene mutations impacting nervous system development.

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System Nervous Damage: Metabolic Problems

Damage due to issues with chemical processes in the nervous system.

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