Zoology and Taxonomy Quiz

Systematic Zoology and Taxonomy

• Systematic Zoology deals with the classification of animals and can be subdivided into various fields of study.
• Protozoology focuses on one-celled animals.
• Ichthyology studies fish.
• Herpetology covers reptiles.
• Entomology is the study of insects.
• Conchology involves the study of shells.
• Parasitology examines parasitic organisms.
• Mammalogy concerns mammals, which feed their young using mammary glands.
• Distributional Zoology divides into zoogeography (animal distribution in environments) and ecology (animal-environment relationships).
• Historical Zoology investigates fossils (paleontology), development of species (phylogeny), and the evolution of animal life.
• Economic Zoology analyzes the economic value of animals.
• Medical Zoology includes parasitology and pathology, which focus on diseases.

Theories on the Origin of Life

• Divine Creation Theory posits life originates from a supernatural power (God).
• Abiogenesis suggests life arose from non-living matter (Aristotle's view).
• Cosmozonic Theory argues life came from outer planets as spores.
• Philosophical Theory of Eternity states life has no beginning or end.
• Marine Theory proposes life began in the sea.
• Naturalistic Theory claims life resulted from chemical reactions.

Chemical Composition of Living Things

• Six key elements in life: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur (C, H, O, N, P, S).
• Additional elements for life include Calcium, Sodium, Potassium, Magnesium, Iron.
• Organic compounds: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids.

Organic Compounds

• Carbohydrates are primary energy sources; glucose (C6H12O6) is the simplest form.
• Monosaccharides are simple sugars; examples include glucose, fructose, and galactose.
• Disaccharides consist of two sugars; include maltose, sucrose, and lactose.
• Polysaccharides are complex carbs; examples: starch (plant storage) and glycogen (animal storage).
• Lipids are fats: include fats, oils, waxes, and steroids.

Inorganic Compounds

• Water (H2O) is a universal solvent, crucial for cellular functions, comprising 60-90% of protoplasm.
• Vitamins are organic compounds vital in small amounts, grouped into fat-soluble (A, D, E, K) and water-soluble (B, C).
• Minerals are essential and constitute about 4-6% of body weight, divided into macrominerals (Calcium, Phosphorus) and microminerals (Iron, Zinc).

Basic Food Groups

• Include dairy products, fruits, vegetables, grains, and meat.

Cellular Structure and Function

• Smooth ER synthesizes lipids and detoxifies, while Rough ER synthesizes proteins.
• Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis.
• Mitochondria are known as the "powerhouse" of cells, producing ATP.
• Lysosomes digest foreign particles.
• Golgi apparatus transports proteins and selects materials for cellular functions.
• Vacuoles store materials within the cell.
• Centrioles assist in chromosome distribution during cell division.

Cell Division

• Mitosis is regulated by Mitosis Promoting Factor (MPF) for cell growth and replacement.
• Three types of cell division:
  • Unicellular cells undergo amitosis (simple division).
  • Multicellular cells undergo mitotic division in somatic cells.
  • Meiosis is for gamete development (sperm and egg cells).

Mitosis Cell Cycle

• G1 phase: cell growth with single-stranded, uncoiled chromosomes.

Test your knowledge on the systematic classification of animals with our Zoology and Taxonomy quiz. This quiz covers various sub-disciplines such as Protozoology, Ichthyology, Entomology, and more. Challenge yourself and learn about the fascinating world of animal classification!