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Questions and Answers

What was the main objective of the First Triumvirate formed by Caesar, Crassus, and Pompey?

  • To gain military dominance in Rome
  • To unite the factions of the Roman society
  • To overthrow the Senate entirely
  • To ensure the Senate passed bills that benefited them (correct)

What strategy did Caesar implement to win favor with the poor population of Rome?

  • Providing free land to poor farmers and veterans (correct)
  • Building public works to improve urban infrastructure
  • Reforming military pay for the soldiers
  • Offering wealth redistribution among the aristocrats

What was the reaction of the conservative senators to Caesar's proposal regarding land distribution?

  • They accepted it after negotiation
  • They left the meeting in disagreement (correct)
  • They proposed an alternative bill for land allocation
  • They unanimously supported it out of respect for Caesar

How did Caesar ultimately ensure the passage of his land bill despite the senate's objections?

<p>By appealing directly to the plebeian assembly for support (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What consequence did Caesar face after losing support from the conservative senators?

<p>He gained support from the plebeians instead (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What familial relationship did Julius Caesar have with the goddess Venus?

<p>He claimed descent from her. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What career path did Julius Caesar initially pursue after his father's death?

<p>Priesthood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which faction did Julius Caesar and his family support in the political debates of Rome?

<p>Populares (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the political ally of Julius Caesar at the time of his marriage to Cornelia Cinna?

<p>Gaius Marius (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant event is believed to have been the result of Julius Caesar's birth?

<p>The first recorded caesarean section (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of Julius Caesar's choice to marry Cornelia Cinna?

<p>He lost his priesthood privileges. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action did Sulla take against Julius Caesar upon becoming Emperor of Rome?

<p>He stripped Caesar of his priesthood and mandated a divorce. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What ideology did the Optimates support in contrast to the Populares?

<p>Aristocracy's power over the plebeians (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix play in relation to Caesar's political environment?

<p>He was the general who seized power. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After returning to Rome in 78 BCE, what was Julius Caesar's most prominent activity?

<p>He began a career in public speaking. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During his time as a captive, what unusual activity did Caesar engage in?

<p>He practiced public speaking with his captors. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the initial consequence of Caesar's refusal to divorce Cornelia?

<p>He was forced into exile and lost his wealth. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the key traits that distinguished Caesar's public speaking?

<p>His high-pitched voice and erratic hand gestures. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Caesar offer to pay his captors for his release?

<p>Fifty weights of gold. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Caesar's role when he first began his political career?

<p>Military tribune representing the army to the Senate. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of Caesar's return to Rome after Sulla's death?

<p>He was unable to find adequate housing. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

First Triumvirate

A political alliance between Julius Caesar, Marcus Licinius Crassus, and Pompey the Great in 60 BCE.

Caesar's land reform bill

A bill proposed by Caesar offering free land to poor farmers and veterans.

Plebeian assembly

A political body made up of ordinary Roman citizens who were not part of the Roman aristocracy or Senate.

Caesar's consulship

Julius Caesar became consul the year after forming the First Triumvirate.

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Senate opposition

Roman Senators opposed Caesar's land reform proposals.

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Julius Caesar's Lineage

Descended from a Trojan prince, claimed divine ancestry through Venus.

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Caesar's Early Life

Born into Roman aristocracy in 100 BCE, faced a political dilemma in his early teens.

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Populares Ideology

Political ideology emphasizing democracy and lower-class involvement in Roman government.

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Optimates Ideology

Political ideology favoring aristocratic rule and the privileged status of the upper classes.

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Caesar's Political Ties

Allied with the Populares and his uncle, Gaius Marius, and the Cinna family.

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Caesar's Priesthood

Became High Priest of Jupiter, a position requiring marriage into the aristocracy.

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Sulla's Rise to Power

Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix, an Optimate general, seized power through military force.

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Caesarean Section

Surgical procedure first performed on Julius Caesar.

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Sulla's actions against Caesar

Sulla, as Emperor, removed Caesar from his position, confiscated his wealth, and forced him into exile due to Caesar's refusal to divorce his wife.

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Caesar's return to Rome

Following Sulla's death, Caesar returned to Rome feeling safe, but his wealth was lost already.

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Caesar's exile

Caesar and his wife were forced to leave Rome due to Sulla's actions against Caesar

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Caesar's military career

Caesar found work in the army after losing his positions in the priesthood and government due to Sulla

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Caesar's political activism

Caesar used public speaking to criticize former Roman governors, a practice that boosted his profile.

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Caesar's capture by pirates

Caesar was taken hostage by pirates while travelling.

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Caesar's handling of the pirate attack

Caesar offered to pay more gold than demanded by the pirates so as to be released.

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Rise in Caesar's career (political)

Caesar climbed the political ladder, starting with the military tribune role and later, the governance of Spain.

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Study Notes

Chapter 18 - Julius Caesar, Part 1

  • Julius Caesar's lineage traced back to a Trojan prince, son of Venus.
  • Caesar's birth in 100 BCE.
  • His father was also named Gaius Julius Caesar and held the Praetor Magistrate position in the Province of Asia.
  • Caesar excelled in politics, expected to serve terms in the Senate and army.
  • Caesar's father's death at age 16; he then took a different career path.
  • His first recorded case of a caesarean section delivery may have been his own.
  • Caesar's political ideology aligning with the Populares.

Caesar's Early Career

  • Caesar turned to priesthood for financial security and respect.
  • He married Cornelia Cinna, a patrician.
  • However, this plan backfired politically, as his goals failed to unite the Populares and Optimates.

Caesar's Political and Military Career Change

  • Political tension in Rome, with the Populares and Optimates factions.
  • The Populares favored democratic principles to govern Rome, while the Optimates favored upper class/aristocratic rule.
  • Accusations of treason when Caesar refused to divorce his wife at the demand of Sulla.
  • Forced to take up military service due to political and personal circumstances.
  • Caesar gained military experience while removed from Rome during Sulla's dictatorship.

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