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Questions and Answers

What is functional conflict?

  • Non-aggressive conflict that stimulates creativity (correct)
  • Conflict arising from workload issues
  • Conflict that is managed through avoidance
  • Aggressive conflict that leads to refusal to work together
  • Which of the following is a disadvantage of conflict?

  • Can lower staff morale if not managed (correct)
  • Stimulates creative thinking
  • Creates an awareness of the problem
  • May help understand the problem better
  • What does role overload refer to?

    When one member takes on more work than they can cope with.

    List two tools used in managing conflict.

    <p>Negotiation and Compromise.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dysfunctional conflict leads to collaboration.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following third-party interventions with their descriptions:

    <p>Conciliation = 3rd party facilitates so both parties get their say Mediation = 3rd party gives advice and suggestions Arbitration = Decision is taken away from conflicting parties and 3rd party makes the decision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process of handling conflict where both parties have equal power is known as ______.

    <p>compromise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are skills a manager should have to deal with conflict?

    <p>Communication skills and emotional intelligence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the CCMA?

    <p>To prevent strikes and settle labour disputes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Types of Conflict

    • Functional conflict is a positive form of conflict that encourages creativity and brainstorming, leading to better solutions.
    • Dysfunctional conflict is a negative form of conflict where aggression and refusal to cooperate compromise tasks and impede progress.

    Reasons for Conflict due to Workload

    • Role Overload: Occurs when a team member takes on more work than they can handle, often willingly.
    • Role Conflict: Arises when multiple members desire the same role, frequently the leadership position.
    • Role Ambiguity: Results from unclear roles and responsibilities within a team.

    Advantages of Conflict

    • Identifies problems, raising awareness.
    • Stimulates innovative thinking and problem-solving.
    • Enhances understanding of the problem.
    • Fosters collaboration, with a focus on cooperation rather than the problem itself.
    • Motivates individuals to contribute ideas and overcome apathy.

    Disadvantages of Conflict

    • Can lower staff morale if not managed effectively.
    • May lead to inappropriate behaviors if not resolved constructively.

    Tools for Managing Conflict

    • Stimulating Functional Conflict/Devil's Advocate: A technique to prevent groupthink by having a designated person challenge proposed plans to encourage creative thinking and consideration of alternative perspectives.
    • Negotiation: A two-party process involving communication and discussion to reach an agreement.
    • Smoothing: A temporary strategy where differences are ignored and focus shifts towards commonalities, potentially leading to a worsening conflict over time.
    • Forcing: A solution where someone with authority imposes their decision on subordinates. Often used in autocratic environments and may result in resentment.
    • Avoidance: Ignoring the conflict, pretending it doesn't exist, or delegating the issue to others. This can escalate the conflict.
    • Compromise: A democratic approach involving equal power dynamics where both parties make concessions, leading to a give-and-take scenario. While seemingly fair, it can lead to resentment if one party consistently gives in.

    Other Reasons for Conflict

    • Change: Adapting to new policies, processes, or circumstances can trigger conflict.
    • Lack of Communication: Misunderstandings and misinterpretations can lead to disputes.
    • Inclusivity and Cultural Diversity: Differences in values, beliefs, and communication styles may cause friction.
    • Resource Allocation: Competition for limited resources can spark conflict.
    • Personalities and Emotions: Clashing personalities and emotional responses can contribute to conflict.
    • Values and Ethics: Differences in ethical principles and values create conflict.
    • Inner Conflict: Internal struggles with personal values, goals, or responsibilities can manifest in workplace conflicts.

    Resolving Inner Conflict:

    • Identify the source of inner conflict.
    • Direct the individual to the appropriate department for assistance.
    • The level of intervention depends on the severity of the conflict.

    Skills Needed for Managing Conflict

    • Ability to Handle Change: Adapting to change and navigating its challenges.
    • Tolerance for Inclusivity and Cultural Diversity: Respecting diverse backgrounds, communication styles, and perspectives.
    • Communication Skills: Effective verbal and written communication for clear understanding and conflict resolution.
    • Strategic Thinking and Action: Proactively identifying potential conflicts and developing solutions.
    • Emotional Intelligence: Understanding and managing one's own emotions and those of others for empathy and conflict resolution.
    • Open Communication and Training: Fostering an open dialogue and providing resources for conflict resolution training.

    Conflict Resolution Steps

    • Negotiation: Two parties work together to reach a compromise.
    • Conciliation: A third party facilitates the discussion without giving advice, ensuring both sides are heard.
    • Mediation: A third party guides the conversation and provides suggestions for resolving the conflict.
    • Arbitration: A third party makes a binding decision, removing the power from the conflicting parties.

    Third Party Interventions

    • Conciliation: A third party facilitates the discussion to ensure all points are considered.
    • Mediation: A third party offers advice and suggestions to help the parties reach a resolution.
    • Arbitration: A third party makes the final decision in a binding manner.
    • Con-arb process: A combined process involving both conciliation and arbitration, completed within a single day. This process is mandatory for specific issues like dismissals under probation or unfair labor practices under probation.

    Organizations Involved in Conflict Resolution

    • CCMA (Commission for Conciliation, Mediation, and Arbitration): Handles labor disputes and aims to prevent strikes.
    • WPF (Workplace Forums): Elected groups of workers representing employees in discussions with management on issues like merit increases, restructuring, and training.
    • Employer Organizations: Provide expert advice on industrial relations to employers, assisting with contracts, discipline, grievances, dispute resolution, and employment equity plans.
    • Trade Unions: Represent and advocate for the rights and interests of workers, negotiating with employers on various issues.

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