Untitled Quiz
48 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Quel est l'impact d'une réduction de 3% sur les achats lorsque le chiffre d'affaires est de 100 M MAD ?

  • Une augmentation de 10% du résultat
  • Pas d'impact sur le résultat
  • Une augmentation de 20% du résultat
  • Une augmentation de 30% du résultat (correct)
  • Quel rôle joue la fonction approvisionnement vis-à-vis de la fonction achats ?

  • Elle informe des problèmes avec les fournisseurs. (correct)
  • Elle gère les stocks de produits.
  • Elle négocie directement avec les fournisseurs.
  • Elle établit les budgets achats.
  • Quel montant d'achats permettrait à une entreprise d'avoir un résultat de 6,5 M MAD avec un chiffre d'affaires de 130 M MAD ?

  • 85 M MAD
  • 55 M MAD
  • 65 M MAD (correct)
  • 75 M MAD
  • Quelle est l'importance de la collaboration entre la fonction achats et la direction financière ?

    <p>Elle aide à établir le budget achats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Comment les achats peuvent-ils influencer le besoin en fonds de roulement d'exploitation (BFRe) ?

    <p>En augmentant l'encours fournisseurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Comment la fonction production influence-t-elle la fonction achats ?

    <p>En communiquant ses exigences sur la qualité.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quel est l'effet d'une augmentation de 30% sur les achats et les autres charges d'une entreprise dont le chiffre d'affaires passe à 130 M MAD ?

    <p>Une diminution du résultat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quelles informations la fonction logistique reçoit-elle de la fonction achats ?

    <p>Les détails liés au contrat d'achat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pourquoi la fonction achats doit-elle renégocier avec les fournisseurs ?

    <p>Pour évaluer la qualité des produits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quelle méthode pourrait réduire le besoin en financement d'une entreprise ?

    <p>Négocier des délais de paiement plus longs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quel est l'objectif principal de suivre un processus formel dans la fonction achats ?

    <p>Accomplir toutes les tâches du processus d'achat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quel est le montant d'autres charges si le résultat prévu est de 6,5 M MAD avec un chiffre d'affaires de 130 M MAD ?

    <p>58,5 M MAD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quel rôle la fonction qualité joue-t-elle en relation avec la fonction achats ?

    <p>Elle évalue la qualité des matières achetées.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quel est le résultat d'une entreprise ayant un chiffre d'affaires de 100 M MAD et des achats de 50 M MAD ?

    <p>5 M MAD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pour qu'une entreprise réalise une augmentation de 30% de son résultat, que doit-elle prioriser si elle gère seulement les ventes ?

    <p>Améliorer l'efficacité des ventes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quelles sont les responsabilités de la fonction logistique après la livraison d'une commande ?

    <p>Assurer l'acheminement jusqu'à l'entrepôt du client final.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quel est le principal défi lors de l'achat de biens par une organisation ?

    <p>Choisir les fournisseurs offrant la meilleure opportunité</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Les achats indirects se réfèrent à quoi ?

    <p>Achats non directement incorporés dans le produit ou service vendu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Parmi les types d'achats, lequel concerne les biens et services directement intégrés aux produits ?

    <p>Achats directs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quel type d'achat est lié à l'acquisition d'équipements ?

    <p>Achats hors production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quels achats sont considérés comme des achats d'investissement ?

    <p>Achats d'équipements durables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qu'est-ce qui est inclus dans les achats de frais généraux ?

    <p>Services de nettoyage et d'entretien</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quel type d'achat comprend l'acquisition de produits destinés à la vente ?

    <p>Achats de négoce</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quelle classification d'achat comprend les matières premières ?

    <p>Achats de production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quel est le palier d'intensité d'une gêne légère lors de l'achat?

    <p>Palier 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quelle contrainte interne est liée à des documents manquants?

    <p>Dossier technique incomplet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Laquelle des contraintes externes pourrait affecter la flexibilité des fournisseurs?

    <p>Normes écologiques très strictes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quel palier représente un obstacle formel à l'achat?

    <p>Palier 5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Parmi les contraintes internes, laquelle implique une gestion complexe avec les fournisseurs?

    <p>Fournisseur imposé</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lequel des éléments suivants décrit une contrainte externe liée à la technologie?

    <p>Technologie peu maîtrisée</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quel type de contrainte commerciale implique une condition de marché spécifique?

    <p>Entente sur le marché des fournisseurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Laquelle des contraintes internes concerne des prévisions qui ne reflètent pas la réalité?

    <p>Prévisions non exactes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quelles sont les deux origines des contraintes d'achat ?

    <p>Interne et externe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qu'est-ce qui caractérise une contrainte externe ?

    <p>Elle provient de l'environnement global ou spécifique</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quelle est la nature des contraintes internes ?

    <p>Elles proviennent des décisions de l'entreprise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Comment peut-on définir les contraintes due à un cheminement d'aval en amont ?

    <p>Comme des contraintes internes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quel est le processus pour établir un catalogue de contraintes ?

    <p>Rédiger une définition pour chaque contrainte</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Une contrainte technique peut être considérée comme ?

    <p>Une décision interne de l'entreprise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quel type de contrainte est généralement sous le contrôle direct d'une entreprise ?

    <p>Contraintes internes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quelles contraintes influencent les décisions d'achat d'une entreprise ?

    <p>Celles qui proviennent de l'environnement spécifique</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quel est l'objectif principal du processus d'approvisionnement ?

    <p>Limiter le poids financier des stocks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    À quel moment se situe le processus d'approvisionnement dans la chaîne logistique ?

    <p>En amont de la chaîne logistique</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quelles activités sont associées à l'approvisionnement ?

    <p>Négociation, sélection des fournisseurs et gestion de la relation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    En quoi l'approvisionnement et les achats sont-ils différents ?

    <p>L'achat intervient à l'amont de l'acte d'approvisionnement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quel est l'un des risques associés au processus d'approvisionnement ?

    <p>Rupture ou ralentissement du processus productif</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quelle est une activité essentielle de la logistique dans le processus d'approvisionnement ?

    <p>Transport et manutention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quel lien existe entre fournisseurs et utilisateurs internes ?

    <p>Les utilisateurs internes dépendent des fournisseurs pour leur approvisionnement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Comment l'approvisionnement affecte-t-il l'efficacité de la supply chain ?

    <p>Il peut ralentir le processus si mal géré</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Module Information

    • Module Title: Management of Purchases and Procurement
    • Module: Procurement and Stock Management
    • Section: Logistics Engineering and Transport
    • Academic Year: 2024/2025
    • Instructor: Ali HEBAZ
    • Email: [email protected]

    Course Objectives

    • Gain a fundamental understanding of logistics and procurement concepts.
    • Identify and understand the various components of procurement processes within a company.
    • Recognize the key challenges in managing procurement within a company.
    • Learn how procurement processes impact the overall efficiency of the enterprise.
    • Learn about the role of the purchaser in an enterprise.
    • Learn about international procurement.

    Course Organization and Evaluation

    • Total Contact Hours: 21 hours (4 hours/week)
    • Class Days: Thursdays
    • Class Time: 8:30 AM - 12:30 PM

    Introduction

    • What is logistics?
    • What role does it play in an enterprise?
    • What are its objectives?
    • Outline of the course: Chapters on strategic role of purchasing, tools and methods for purchasers and international buying.

    Introduction (Detailed)

    • Logistics encompasses various realities: a specific industry segment; a function that views enterprises and inter-organizational connections through the lens of flows - physical, informational, and financial - requiring coordination for optimization of processes.

    Origin of the word Logistics

    • The French Academy Dictionary defines "logistique" as: the science of calculation; the part of military science tasked with supplying armed forces with necessities for sustenance, movement, and combat; a collection of techniques and material resources used for enterprise organization.

    Introduction (Heskett and Ford)

    • In 1973, Heskett isolated logistics as a separate management domain.
    • In 1978, Heskett defined logistics as a process encompassing activities related to managing physical product flows, coordinating resources, and managing market channels, all with the objective of achieving a desired service level at the lowest cost.
    • Henri Ford defined logistics as the process of placing the correct quantity of a certain product in the correct place at the correct time at the lowest possible cost.

    Introduction (Objectives)

    • Cost reduction
    • Improved time management
    • Reduction of stock levels
    • Quality improvement (delivery timelines, product condition)
    • Improved brand image through customer satisfaction.

    Introduction (Performance)

    • What differentiates a high-performing company from its competitors?
    • Defining performance.
    • Two key concepts for measuring company performance:
      • Efficiency: The ability to achieve objectives at the lowest cost.
      • Effectiveness: The ability to achieve the objectives set by management.

    Introduction (Efficiency)

    • Efficiency, in management, is a company's capacity to meet its objectives set by management.
    • Effective companies are therefore companies that achieve their objectives.
    • But at what cost?

    Introduction (Efficency)

    • Efficiency = optimization of resources allocated to achieve objectives.
    • Evaluation of logistics performance considers criteria like cost, quality, reliability/flexibility, and time.

    Introduction (CQFD)

    • Logistics efficiencies are evaluated based on CQFD criteria (Cost, Quality, Flexibility, Delivery).

    Introduction (Logistics as a Function)

    • Logistics involves multiple facets.
    • It encompasses inter-organizational relationships and internal business processes as well.

    Introduction (Examples)

    • Car manufacturers face challenges in anticipating demand for varied vehicle configurations and optimizing supply chain and production systems accordingly.
    • Logistics plays a critical role here.

    Introduction (Porter's Value Chain)

    • A visual representation of how a company creates value.
    • Activities are divided into primary and supporting activities that create value to the final client.
    • The key is identifying where the company excels in the value chain compared to competitors.

    Introduction (SWOT Analysis)

    • Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats
    • An approach to analysing both internal and external factors influencing a company's strategic goals
    • Assists in developing appropriate strategies.

    Introduction (Competitive Advantages)

    • To produce at a lower cost than competitors, or to produce better quality goods with a higher price.
    • Key is to identify the sources of competitive advantage.

    Introduction

    • Procurement definition.
    • The procurement function in a company.

    Introduction (Logistics Fragmentation)

    • A breakdown of procurement process into upstream (procurement) and downstream (distribution) components
    • Potential issues like stock levels, delivery delays, product quality, and customer dissatisfaction.

    Mechanism of Integrated Logistics

    • Visual representation (diagram) of the integrated approach to logistics, encompassing the end-to-end flow—from supplier to customer/consumer.
    • Key concepts like alignment between supply and demand, optimal pricing and placement, and the calculation of profit margins while complying with quality and deadline criteria.

    Process of Procurement as a Plan (Diagram)

    • Process flow chart that visually represents the phases of planning and execution in a procurement operation.
    • Highlights the sequence of tasks and decision points.

    The Procurement Process

    • Process diagram showing the steps involved in a procurement process starting with the identification of need to payment and after-sales review.
    • Outlines the primary phases of procurement.

    Chapter 1: Strategic Role of Purchasing

    • Definition and scope of purchasing activities.
    • Identifying the types of products purchased by different organizations (Production/Non-production).
    • Focus on making the right decisions whether to produce in-house or outsource (make or buy).

    Chapter 1

    • Various types of Purchasing (classification).

    Chapter 1 (Types of Purchasing)

    • Direct Purchase (production related items).
    • Indirect Purchase (non-production related items).

    Chapter 1

    • Different classes of purchasing activities related to production processes

    Chapter 1 (Classifications)

    • Types of purchasing activities by classification
    • Materials - raw materials, finished goods -manufacturing
    • Services- Maintenance, repairs, operations

    Chapter 1: Role of Purchasing (Role and Importance)

    • Key functions of purchasing and its significance to an enterprise.
    • Establishing specific objectives like cost reduction, improved time management, and minimizing stock levels.

    Chapter 1: Role of Purchasing (Objectives)

    • Cost reduction
    • Improved time management
    • Minimizing inventory levels
    • Enhancing the company’s performance

    Chapter 1: Role of Purchasing (Key Issues)

    • Impact on industrial processes
    • Impact on financial structure
    • Risks associated with the purchasing function

    Chapter 1 (Industrial Issues)

    • Maintaining the continuity of the production process.
    • Ensuring availability and quality of materials.

    Chapter 1 (Financial Issues)

    • Impact on working capital needs.
    • Optimizing inventory control to improve cash flow and financial performance.

    Chapter 1 (Purchasing Risks)

    • Importance of assessing and mitigating risks in international purchasing

    Chapter 1 (Economic and Social Context)

    • Global economic growth and its impact.
    • Improvement in living standards and the rise in consumer demand.
    • Increased importance of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs).
    • Transition to a market economy impacting pricing strategies.

    Chapter 1: Emergence of Procurement as a Function

    • The increasing significance of purchasing functions and their growing complexity within enterprises necessitates formal structures to manage the function optimally.

    Chapter 1: Definition of the Procurement Function

    • Procurement is responsible for receiving and processing requests for production, sales, and administrative requirements.

    Chapter 1: Procurement function

    • Negotiating appropriate terms with suppliers.
    • Tracking orders through complete fulfillment.

    Chapter 1: Procurement Function Diversification

    • Differentiating "procurement" versus "supply".

    Chapter 2: Tools, Strategies, and Methods for Purchasers (Strategic Procurement Process)

    • Segmentation of purchasing portfolio.

    Chapter 2: Tools, Strategies, and Methods for Purchasers (Market Analysis)

    • Data collection methods for market analysis (e.g., press, trade directories, databases)
    • Offering/demand analysis.
    • Identifying potential suppliers.

    Chapter 2: Tools, Strategies, and Methods for Purchasers (Supplier Evaluation)

    • Evaluating suppliers for their production capacity.
    • Evaluating supplier financial health

    Chapter 2: Tools, Strategies, and Methods for Purchasers

    • Visualizing purchasing portfolio.
    • Analyzing market constraints and developing strategies to address issues.

    Chapter 2 (Diagnostic Formulation of Procurement Strategies)

    • Evaluating market conditions for existing and potential suppliers.
    • Identifying key considerations in choosing and refining procurement strategies.

    Chapter 2: Strategies (Types of Purchases)

    • Examining procurement strategies.
    • Differentiating specific procurement strategies for use in internal purchasing or outside sourcing based on level of risk and purchase value.

    Chapter 2: Product Segmentation

    • Identifying relevant purchase categories.

    Chapter 2: Diagnostic

    • Formulating procurement strategies to address identified risks

    Chapter 2: Tools and Methods

    • Cahier des charges function: technical and functional analysis.

    Chapter 3: International Procurement Operations

    • Logistics operations encompassing transportation, warehousing, allocation, and clearance procedures.
    • Ensuring consistency with a defined logistical policy.
    • Identification of critical logistical choices for the successful operation of an international purchasing process.

    Chapter 3: Logistics Operations

    • Establishing a methodology for international imports.
    • Researching and evaluating suppliers considering quality, price, and delivery conditions.
    • Negotiating purchase contracts with a focus on agreed terms, including Incoterms.

    Chapter 3: Accessing External Providers

    • Identification and selection of external logistics providers (freight forwarders, customs brokers).
    • Importance of choosing a proficient provider and understanding their roles and responsibilities.

    Chapter 3: Logistics Operations (Outsourcing)

    • Sourcing goods and services internationally

    Chapter 3: Choosing Logistics Providers (Evaluation)

    • Assessing provider performance to ensure compliance with company standards and expectations.

    Chapter 3: Management of International Orders (Logistics Operations)

    • Ensuring timely and accurate delivery.
    • Tracking and managing international orders.
    • Considering potential challenges like delays, customs issues, and cross-border logistical complications.

    Chapter 3 (International Purchases)

    • Importance proper planning and execution.

    Chapter 3 (International Transportation Documentation)

    • Importance of contracts, and Incoterms for accurate and timely delivery of goods.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    More Like This

    Untitled Quiz
    6 questions

    Untitled Quiz

    AdoredHealing avatar
    AdoredHealing
    Untitled Quiz
    19 questions

    Untitled Quiz

    TalentedFantasy1640 avatar
    TalentedFantasy1640
    Untitled Quiz
    55 questions

    Untitled Quiz

    StatuesquePrimrose avatar
    StatuesquePrimrose
    Untitled Quiz
    18 questions

    Untitled Quiz

    RighteousIguana avatar
    RighteousIguana
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Browser