Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the meaning of the term "Cor Pulmonale"?
What is the meaning of the term "Cor Pulmonale"?
Cor Pulmonale is a Latin term that means "pulmonary heart."
The main symptoms of Cor Pulmonale are chest pain, dyspnea, cough, and peripheral edema.
The main symptoms of Cor Pulmonale are chest pain, dyspnea, cough, and peripheral edema.
True
Which of the following is NOT a recognized cause of Cor Pulmonale?
Which of the following is NOT a recognized cause of Cor Pulmonale?
What is the most common cause of Cor Pulmonale?
What is the most common cause of Cor Pulmonale?
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Oxygen therapy is the only treatment that slows down the progression of pulmonary hypertension in COPD.
Oxygen therapy is the only treatment that slows down the progression of pulmonary hypertension in COPD.
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What is the primary goal of a pulmonary function test?
What is the primary goal of a pulmonary function test?
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What is a pneumothorax?
What is a pneumothorax?
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A flail chest is a serious condition that can significantly impact a patient's ability to breathe.
A flail chest is a serious condition that can significantly impact a patient's ability to breathe.
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Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of a flail chest?
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of a flail chest?
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What is the primary goal of medical management of a flail chest?
What is the primary goal of medical management of a flail chest?
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What is the primary function of chest physiotherapy?
What is the primary function of chest physiotherapy?
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Incentive spirometry is a type of chest physiotherapy that helps patients with flail chest improve their lung capacity and prevent atelectasis.
Incentive spirometry is a type of chest physiotherapy that helps patients with flail chest improve their lung capacity and prevent atelectasis.
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What is a pulmonary contusion?
What is a pulmonary contusion?
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Hypoxia and carbon dioxide retention are significant complications of pulmonary contusion.
Hypoxia and carbon dioxide retention are significant complications of pulmonary contusion.
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Intubation is a common complication of pulmonary contusion.
Intubation is a common complication of pulmonary contusion.
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What are the two primary types of chest trauma discussed in this document?
What are the two primary types of chest trauma discussed in this document?
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What is NOT a common symptom of a penetrating chest trauma?
What is NOT a common symptom of a penetrating chest trauma?
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What is the main goal of medical management for penetrating chest trauma?
What is the main goal of medical management for penetrating chest trauma?
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Atelectasis can affect any part of the lung, from a single segment to the entire lung.
Atelectasis can affect any part of the lung, from a single segment to the entire lung.
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Which of the following is NOT a common cause of atelectasis?
Which of the following is NOT a common cause of atelectasis?
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Postoperative setting is a risk factor for atelectasis.
Postoperative setting is a risk factor for atelectasis.
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What is the most important thing to do to prevent atelectasis in a patient who has had surgery?
What is the most important thing to do to prevent atelectasis in a patient who has had surgery?
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Bronchoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that can be used to identify and treat atelectasis.
Bronchoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that can be used to identify and treat atelectasis.
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Which of the following is the most important intervention for managing atelectasis?
Which of the following is the most important intervention for managing atelectasis?
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The primary goal of managing chronic atelectasis is to remove the underlying cause of the airway obstruction.
The primary goal of managing chronic atelectasis is to remove the underlying cause of the airway obstruction.
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What is a penetrating chest trauma?
What is a penetrating chest trauma?
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A tension pneumothorax is a more serious type of pneumothorax.
A tension pneumothorax is a more serious type of pneumothorax.
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Study Notes
Lesson Outline
- Subject Code: NRG 401
- Mode of Class: LEC
- Semester: 1st
- Term: Prelims
Introduction to Critical Care Nursing
- What is Critical Nursing?
- Goals of Critical Care Nursing (CCNAPI, 2014)
- Common Legal and Ethical Issues
- Common Cases in Critical Care Units
- Pharmacological Management
- Nursing Management
- Levels of Care (CCNAPI, 2014)
- Categorization of CCU
- By age group (Neonatal, Pediatric, Adult)
- By specialty (Medical, Surgical, Cardio-thoracic, Cardiac, Respiratory, Neurosurgical, Trauma)
- By system operation (Open system, Closed system)
- What to expect in the ICU?
- Common equipment (Mechanical ventilators, Cardiac monitors, Other devices etc.)
Respiratory System
- Review of Anatomy and Physiology
- Upper Respiratory Tract (Nose, sinuses, oral cavity, pharynx, larynx)
- Lower Respiratory Tract (Tracheobronchial tree, trachea, right and left lungs, alveoli, ribcage, diaphragm)
- Respiratory Distress Syndrome
- Definition
- Surfactant
- Infant Respiratory Distress Syndrome
- Signs and Symptoms
- Diagnostic Tests
- Medical Management
Pulmonary Embolism & Chest Trauma
- Pulmonary Embolism
- Clinical Manifestations
- Assessment and Diagnostic Findings
- Prevention
- Medical Management
- Chest Trauma
- Blunt Trauma: Clinical Manifestations
- Blunt Trauma: Diagnostic Tests
- Blunt Trauma: Medical Management
- Sternal and Rib Fractures
- Flail Chest
Pulmonary Contusion & Penetrating Trauma
- Pulmonary Contusion
- What is Pulmonary Contusion
- Causes
- Pathophysiology
- Clinical Manifestations (Mild, Moderate, Severe)
- Assessment and Diagnostics
- Medical Management
Cor Pulmonale
- Definition of Cor Pulmonale
- Causes (Acute, Chronic)
- COPD
- Pulmonary Embolism
- Pulmonary Fibrosis
- Sleep Apnea
- Myasthenia Gravis
- Poliomyelitis
- Pathophysiology
- Clinical Manifestations
- Symptoms/Signs
- Medical Management
Atelectasis
- Definition of Atelectasis
- Normal lung
- Collapsed lung
- Types of Atelectasis (Microatelectasis, Macroatelectasis)
- Causes (Obstructive, Non-Obstructive)
- Surgery
- Pleural effusion
- Pneumothorax
- Lung scarring
- Chest tumor
- Surfactant deficiency
- Risk Factors
- Smoking
- COPD
- Obesity
- Spinal cord injury
- Muscular dystrophy
- Certain medications
- Pathophysiology
- Clinical Manifestations
- Assessment and Diagnostic findings
- Medical Management
- Nursing Considerations
Mechanical Ventilation
- Positive-Pressure Ventilation
- Classification of Ventilators
- Positive-pressure ventilator
- Controlled Mechanical Ventilation
- Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation
- Types of Ventilation (PSV, IRV, Biphasic ventilation)
- Laboratory Values
Weaning the Patient from the Ventilator
- Process and stages
- Assessment of weaning criteria
- Vital capacity: 10-15 mL/kg
- Maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) at least -20 cm H2O
- Tidal volume: 7-9 mL/kg
- Minute Ventilation: 6 L/min
- Rapid/shallow breathing index: Below 100 breaths/min/L; PaO2> 60 mmHg with Fi02 <40%
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