Questions and Answers
In ______ 1944, the National Liberation Army of Yugoslavia became the Yugoslav Army.
October
The final battles for the complete liberation of the country took place from ______ 1944 to May 1945.
October
The Yugoslav Army started advancing towards ______ and Slovenia in the northwest of the country.
Croatia
The last battle of the Yugoslav Army with the remnants of the Chetnik units took place on ______ May 1945.
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Germany capitulated on ______ May 1945.
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The atomic bomb was dropped on ______ on August 6, 1945.
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Tito was helped by the ______ who sent a plane to transport him to Vis.
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Vis was a ______ place because it had already been fortified with bunkers and the like.
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Tito met with ______ in Naples to discuss British aid to the partisans.
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The meeting between Tito and ______ in Moscow was about Soviet aid in liberating Yugoslavia.
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In the autumn, the ______ Army entered Serbia and helped drive the Germans out.
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Belgrade was ______ on October 20, mainly thanks to the joint efforts of the partisans and the Red Army.
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The ______ collaborated with the enemy: Kulturbund, an organization of domestic Germans in Vojvodine.
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The Serbian State Guard, led by General ______, was a collaborationist unit in Serbia.
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Dimitrije Ljotić founded a volunteer party army in Serbia, known as the ______ Zbor.
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The Handžar division was a military unit that operated in ______ and Herzegovina.
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The Chetniks under the leadership of Dragoljub Draža ______ initially formed a resistance movement in Serbia.
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The Communist Party of Yugoslavia, led by Josip Broz ______, formed the Partisan movement.
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In ______ 1941, the partisans liberated Loznica, the first freed territory.
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The German forces brutally suppressed the uprising in ______ Hora in mid-August.
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The Nazis implemented a rule of ______ in retaliation for the death of German soldiers.
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The Užice Republic was established in ______ 1941.
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In ______ 1941, two meetings took place between Tito and Draža, hinting at future conflicts.
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The German offensive continued in ______ 1941 in the area around Kadinjači.
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On ______ 1941, Yugoslavia signed the Tripartite Pact.
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On ______ 1941, demonstrations took place in Belgrade.
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On ______ 1941, Germany attacked Yugoslavia without declaring war.
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The ______ of the Yugoslav army took place on 17.apríl 1941.
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King ______ II and the Yugoslav government fled to London.
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The NDH (Nezávislý chorvátsky štát) was formed by ______ and Bosna.
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Study Notes
Yugoslavia in World War II
- On April 6, 1941, Germany attacked Yugoslavia without declaring war, and on April 17, 1941, the Yugoslav army capitulated in Belgrade.
- The Yugoslav government, led by King Petar II, fled the country and found exile in London.
- Yugoslavia was divided among the Axis powers: Germany occupied parts of Slovenia and Banat, Hungary occupied and annexed Bačka, Baranja, and Međimurje, Bulgaria occupied and annexed Macedonia and southeastern Serbia, and Italy occupied Montenegro, parts of Slovenia, and the Dalmatian coast.
Creation of NDH and the Division of Yugoslavia
- On April 10, 1941, the Independent State of Croatia (NDH) was established, led by Ante Pavelić, which included Hercegovina, Srijem, and parts of Bosnia and Croatia.
- The Albanian territory was expanded to include parts of Kosovo, Metohija, and eastern Montenegro, and was under Italian control.
The Yugoslav Army and the Final Battles
- By the end of 1944, the National Liberation Army (NOVJ) became the Yugoslav army, and the Supreme Staff was established as the General Staff.
- From October 1944 to May 1945, the final battles for the liberation of the country took place, with the Yugoslav army fighting against the German army.
- The Srem front was formed, and the Battle of Bosut-Batina took place, resulting in the deaths of over 13,000 young people from Serbia.
- The Yugoslav army eventually liberated Zagreb, Ljubljana, Istria, and Trieste, and on May 15, 1945, the Germans capitulated in Yugoslavia.
The End of World War II
- On May 9, 1945, Germany capitulated, and on May 15, 1945, the war in Europe officially ended.
- In the Far East, the United States and Japan continued to fight, with the USA dropping atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, 1945, respectively.
Uprisings Against the Occupiers
- In 1941, uprisings against the occupiers began, with the first liberated territory being Loznica in August.
- The German offensive against the liberated territory in Serbia began in September, with the rule of 1:50 and 1:100 applied, where for every wounded or killed German soldier, 50 or 100 civilians were shot.
- Mass shootings of people took place in Podrinje, Kraljevo, and Kragujevac in October.
- In September and October, two meetings between Tito and Draža took place, hinting at future conflicts.
The Structure of the Uprising and the Future of Yugoslavia
- The double structure of the uprising organization and their future cooperation failed due to ideological differences, disputes over who would be the main commander, and the question of how to lead the fight against the occupiers.
- In November 1941, the German offensive continued, and the Najhighest Staff with the partisans retreated from Užice to eastern Bosnia.
Collaboration with the Occupiers
- The following groups collaborated with the occupiers: Kulturbund (an organization of domestic Germans) in Vojvodina, Srbska državna straža (Nedić's government) in Serbia, Srbski dobrovoljci (Ljotić's party) in Serbia, četnici (Chetniks) led by Kosta Milovanović Pećanac in Serbia, and Skenderbeg and Handžar divisions in Kosovo and Bosnia and Herzegovina.
