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Questions and Answers
What does CSS stand for?
What does CSS stand for?
- Creative Style Sheets
- Computer Style Sheets
- Colorful Style Sheets
- Cascading Style Sheets (correct)
What are inline styles?
What are inline styles?
Way to write CSS code directly within HTML code.
What is the purpose of the style attribute in HTML?
What is the purpose of the style attribute in HTML?
Add this attribute to your tag and set it equal to the CSS style you want applied.
What is the element that contains CSS within an HTML file?
What is the element that contains CSS within an HTML file?
When would you use the style attribute versus the <style> tag?
When would you use the style attribute versus the <style> tag?
How do you define a CSS rule to set the font to Arial?
How do you define a CSS rule to set the font to Arial?
Why should the structure (HTML) be separated from styling (CSS)?
Why should the structure (HTML) be separated from styling (CSS)?
What are the three attributes of the tag?
What are the three attributes of the tag?
If a CSS file is stored in the same directory as your HTML file, how do you specify a relative path?
If a CSS file is stored in the same directory as your HTML file, how do you specify a relative path?
In a CSS file, what is a tag name?
In a CSS file, what is a tag name?
What is a CSS selector?
What is a CSS selector?
What is a class attribute in HTML?
What is a class attribute in HTML?
How do you select an element by its class attribute?
How do you select an element by its class attribute?
How do you use CSS to select multiple classes and edit their HTML elements?
How do you use CSS to select multiple classes and edit their HTML elements?
If an HTML element needs to be styled uniquely, what should you do?
If an HTML element needs to be styled uniquely, what should you do?
How do you add an ID to an element?
How do you add an ID to an element?
In CSS, how do you define an ID name?
In CSS, how do you define an ID name?
What are three ways to select HTML elements in CSS?
What are three ways to select HTML elements in CSS?
What is the purpose of CSS classes?
What is the purpose of CSS classes?
How would you style two headlines with class='bold green' and class='bold blue'?
How would you style two headlines with class='bold green' and class='bold blue'?
What's the difference between a class and an ID?
What's the difference between a class and an ID?
What happens if you simultaneously call a class, a tag, and an ID?
What happens if you simultaneously call a class, a tag, and an ID?
How do you write a class selector in your CSS file?
How do you write a class selector in your CSS file?
What is the best practice in CSS in terms of specificity?
What is the best practice in CSS in terms of specificity?
What are the rankings of the selectors in CSS for specificity?
What are the rankings of the selectors in CSS for specificity?
What is the only way to override an ID?
What is the only way to override an ID?
What is the best practice for creating CSS selectors in a large document?
What is the best practice for creating CSS selectors in a large document?
What is chaining in CSS?
What is chaining in CSS?
How does CSS select nested HTML elements?
How does CSS select nested HTML elements?
How would you write a CSS entry for nested classes?
How would you write a CSS entry for nested classes?
What happens when two CSS rules target the same element with different specificity?
What happens when two CSS rules target the same element with different specificity?
What is !important in CSS?
What is !important in CSS?
How to add CSS styles to multiple selectors at once?
How to add CSS styles to multiple selectors at once?
What is a CSS declaration?
What is a CSS declaration?
What two things does a CSS declaration consist of?
What two things does a CSS declaration consist of?
When is the semicolon used in CSS?
When is the semicolon used in CSS?
What is the entire snippet of a CSS selector and body referred to?
What is the entire snippet of a CSS selector and body referred to?
What does the font-family property do in CSS?
What does the font-family property do in CSS?
What is a CSS approved font stack?
What is a CSS approved font stack?
What does the font-size property do?
What does the font-size property do?
What does the font-weight property control?
What does the font-weight property control?
What does the text-align property do?
What does the text-align property do?
What’s the difference between foreground color and background color?
What’s the difference between foreground color and background color?
What is opacity?
What is opacity?
How do you specify a background image in CSS?
How do you specify a background image in CSS?
What is the correct syntax to style multiple unrelated selectors?
What is the correct syntax to style multiple unrelated selectors?
Which tag is used for CSS code directly in an HTML file?
Which tag is used for CSS code directly in an HTML file?
How would you link a CSS file called main.css?
How would you link a CSS file called main.css?
What is the correct syntax to select an HTML element inside another HTML element?
What is the correct syntax to select an HTML element inside another HTML element?
Why does this inline styling fail? The color attribute is invalid.
Why does this inline styling fail? The color attribute is invalid.
Using the <style> tag for CSS helps accomplish what?
Using the <style> tag for CSS helps accomplish what?
What is the main difference between inline styles and the <style> tag?
What is the main difference between inline styles and the <style> tag?
What is an example of CSS selector specificity?
What is an example of CSS selector specificity?
Why does this tag attempt fail to style a paragraph? color='red' is an HTML attribute.
Why does this tag attempt fail to style a paragraph? color='red' is an HTML attribute.
What must happen for a stylesheet to style HTML code?
What must happen for a stylesheet to style HTML code?
How would you change bullet points to squares in CSS?
How would you change bullet points to squares in CSS?
How would you select elements of a specific class?
How would you select elements of a specific class?
How would you target a nested link using two classes?
How would you target a nested link using two classes?
How would you write a selector for h1, h2, p, and li elements all at once?
How would you write a selector for h1, h2, p, and li elements all at once?
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Study Notes
CSS Basics
- CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets, used to style HTML elements.
- Inline styles are applied directly within HTML tags, utilizing the
style=""attribute. - Define styles within
<style>tags placed in the<head>of an HTML document for larger stylesheets.
Linking CSS to HTML
- Use the
<link>element to connect HTML and CSS files, requiringhref,type, andrelattributes. - Relative paths can point to CSS files stored in the same directory as the HTML file.
CSS Selectors
- Selectors are utilized to apply styles to HTML elements based on their tag, class, or ID.
- Class selectors are defined in CSS with a period (.), while ID selectors are defined with a hashtag (#).
- Chaining allows the targeting of specific elements by combining tags and classes (e.g.,
p2.font).
Specificity and Overrides
- Styles are applied based on specificity ranking: IDs (most specific), classes, and tags (least specific).
- IDs can override styles applied by class selectors or tag selectors. Use
!importantto enforce style overriding but do so sparingly.
Writing CSS Declarations
- CSS declaration consists of a property and a value (e.g.,
color: blue;). - Use a semicolon at the end of each declaration.
Styling Properties
font-family: Specifies the typeface for text. Default is Times New Roman.font-size: Changes the font size, often defined in pixels (px).font-weight: Can be set to "bold" or "normal."text-align: Aligns text within a parent element (left, center, right).
Backgrounds and Opacity
- Background color and image properties style an element's background. Use
background-image: url("url.jpg")for images. - Opacity measures element transparency, ranging from 0 (fully transparent) to 1 (fully opaque).
Selecting and Nesting
- CSS can style nested elements using a space to denote hierarchy (e.g.,
.main-list li). - Target multiple unrelated selectors by separating them with commas (e.g.,
h1, .menu).
Best Practices in CSS
- Aim to write the least specific selectors first, progressing to more specific ones for easy future modifications.
- Avoid unnecessary repetition by grouping similar styles using commas and targeting shared properties.
Using CSS in HTML
- Inline styles affect individual HTML elements via a style attribute, while the
<style>tag encompasses broader CSS rules. - Specifying class attributes in HTML helps to point to class definitions in the associated CSS for styling.
Common Mistakes
- Ensure proper syntax in CSS; use CSS code inside
<style>tags instead of HTML code. - For lists, CSS selectors can change bullet styles (e.g.,
.ingredients li { list-style: square; }).
Additional Information
- Keep the default font consistent and avoid using too many typefaces.
- Use the correct format for fonts that consist of multiple words by enclosing them in quotes (e.g.,
"Courier New"). - The CSS declaration block must remain free of HTML syntax for proper execution.
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