27 Questions
Which term refers to the transformation of physical metals into gold, and also a similar transformation through yoga?
Agni
Who is the British occultist who integrated yoga into his teachings on Thelemic 'Magick'?
Aleister Crowley
In Hinduism and Buddhism, what does the term 'dhyana' refer to?
meditation / meditative absorption
Which term refers to the meditative 'concentration,' often on a single object or scene?
dharana / dhāraṇā
Who is the prince who lived around the 6th century BCE and preached a doctrine of enlightenment through awareness of sorrow's cause?
Buddha, the
What does the term 'bhakti' refer to in the context of yoga?
yoga of devotion or love
What does the term 'anatman / anātman' signify in Buddhism?
'not-self,' a Buddhist doctrine of no self or soul behind the skandhas
What is a Sanskrit word for 'body'?
deha
What is the meaning of kundalini in Haṭha Yoga and Tantric texts?
Serpentine energy usually located in the root-support chakra
What does the term 'mokṣa / mukti' refer to?
Release or liberation from samsara
Who is Krishna (Kṛṣṇa) in the context of Indian spirituality?
Arjuna's charioteer, a god and avatar of Vishnu
What is the meaning of jñāna (jnana) in Sanskrit?
Knowledge or gnosis
What is a definition of Mahayana (Mahāyāna) Buddhism?
The 'Great Vehicle' emphasizing compassion as important to enlightenment
Who are the Nath Yogis (Nāth Yogīs) in the context of yoga?
Shaiva practitioners of yoga who revere Gorakhnath as their founder
What is the meaning of mantra in the context of spirituality?
A word or saying that often invokes a deity or spiritual being
What is one significance of Mahabharata (Mahābhārata) in yoga?
It is a major epic which includes the Bhagavad Gita's teachings on yoga
To whom is attributed the Yoga Sutra?
Patanjali, a ca. 6th-century CE systematizer of yoga
What is the second tattva in Samkhya?
Prakriti
Which school of Buddhism is known for being one of the earliest and more conservative?
Theravada
What does medieval Raja Yoga indicate?
Meditative composure (samadhi)
What does Samsara refer to?
The cycle of birth and rebirth, and worldly existence
Who is the Hindu god known as the destroyer of the universe and lord of dance?
Shiva
What does Tantra utilize for liberation and/or worldly power?
All of the above
What does the Trimurti consist of?
Brahma as creator, Vishnu as preserver, and Shiva as destroyer
What is another name for Tantric Buddhism?
Vajrayana
Where was The Theosophical Society founded in 1875 before its move to India in 1882?
New York
What does the term 'yoga' literally mean in Sanskrit?
Yoking or union
Study Notes
Yoga and Related Concepts Summary
- The Yoga Sūtra is attributed to a 6th-century CE systematizer of yoga
- Prakriti / Prakṛti is the second tattva in Samkhya, giving rise to the mind-body complex and elements
- Purusha / Puruṣa is the cosmic "person," the first tattva in Sāṃkhya
- Raja Yoga / Rājayoga emphasizes samādhi or meditative composure
- Samsara / saṃsāra refers to the cycle of birth and rebirth, and worldly existence
- Shiva (Śiva) is the Hindu god who is the destroyer of the universe, lord of dance, and yoga
- Tantra is a class of scriptures and body of practices utilizing bodily processes and meditation for liberation
- Theravāda (Buddhism) is one of the earliest and more conservative schools of Buddhism
- Trimurti / trimūrti consists of Brahma as creator, Vishnu as preserver, and Shiva as destroyer
- Vajrayana / Vajrayāna is another name for Tantric Buddhism
- The Theosophical Society was founded in New York in 1875 and was active in spreading South Asian religious teachings on yoga during the colonial period
- Yoga means yoking or union, and yogayukta refers to being yoked to a chariot as a kind of apotheosis or divine death
Test your knowledge of yoga and related concepts with this quiz! Explore the history, philosophy, and key terms associated with yoga, Sāṃkhya, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Theosophy.
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