Arhiys most awesome anesthetic problems quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is not a common cause of anesthetic problems

  • Human Error
  • Equipment error
  • Adverse Effects
  • Correct choice of breathing circuit (correct)

What is key in preventing mis-administration of drugs

  • Triple checking drug calculations (correct)
  • Using a needle and syringe to draw up drugs
  • Switching to fresh needle after drawing up drugs
  • using propofol after alfaxolone for induction

What can happen if the APL Pop-off valve is closed or partially closed (multiple select)

  • Increase pressure within the breathing circuit (correct)
  • make patient unable to exhale (correct)
  • cause barotrauma (correct)
  • cause a collapsed lung due to pressure

what is not a reason the patient will not stay anesthetized

<p>Vapoirozer setting too low (A), administration of too many IPPVs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if the patient moves while under anesthesia

<p>Administer more induction drug (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

what should you do if patient is in a light plane of anesthesia (stage 3 plane 1)

<p>increase iso setting (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is not a sign you patient may be too deeply anesthetized

<p>Moderate jaw tone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first thing you should do if patient is too deep

<p>Decrease isoflorane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If patient is showing signs of an anesthetic overdose what is the best course of action

<p>turn off iso, detach patient and flush ADS of inhalant, reattach patient and administer 02 only (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are possible causes of pale mucous membranes (multiple select)

<p>Blood loss (A), vasoconstriction (C), hypothermia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Patient has pale mucous membranes, depth assessment shows patient at an adequate plane, HR and pulse strength are normal, and ETOC2 is 68. what is likely the problem and What is your next step?

<p>Inadequate ventilation, Give an IPPV and see how patient responds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes respiratory depression (multiple select)

<p>induction drugs (A), isoflorane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major concerns when removing the patient from 100% O2 to room air

<p>hypoxia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may cause a prolonged CRT (multiple select)

<p>hypothermia (B), deeply anesthetized patients (D), patient conditions present prior to anesthetic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do first if the animal has a prolonged CRT

<p>check pulse strength and BP (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Your animal has an SAP of 71, MAP of 58 and a DAP of 49... yout patient is

<p>hypotensive (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Your animal has a SAP of 71, MAP of 58, and a DAP of 49, and your patient is hypotensive. In what order should you respond to attempt to increase blood pressure?

<p>1st step = reduce inhalant 2nd step = fluids 3rd step = drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cardiac sounds, ECG readings, ossilometric BP and doppler are all parameters monitor for information on

<p>Circulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the monitoring device to the physiological function it monitors:

<p>Doppler = Perfusion ECG = Cardiac function Capnograph = Ventilation Pulse oximeter = Oxygenation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What cannot be used to monitor circulation

<p>Temperature probe (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the part of the PQRST wave to what it shows about cardiac conduction:

<p>QRS = depolarization of the ventricles hidden in the QRS = Atrial repolarization P = atrial depolarization T = repolarization of the ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

how many electrodes make one lead

<p>2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

what lead do we typically show on the monitor

<p>Lead II (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

why is lead II the preferable choice

<p>It provides a more full view of conduction through the heart and provides an easy to read PQRST wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

What conduction type do small animals have through there heart

<p>type a (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is not a common cause of altered ECG readings ass result of equiptment malfucnction

<p>Use of clips instead of red dots (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

you see this ECG pattern, what is most likely the cause

<p>Sinus arrhythmia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following cuff malfunction to its resulting BP reading:

<p>Too narrow = False high BP Too loose = False high BP Too tight = False low BP Too wide = False low BP</p> Signup and view all the answers

What two things determine blood pressure

<p>cardiac output (A), systemic vascular resistance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following BP measure to what it tells you about circulation:

<p>MAP = The average pressure throughout the entire cardiac cycle SAP = Contraction of the left ventricle to push blood into arterial system DAP = Pressure remaining in arteries when the heart is in filling stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

if the doppler displays a number less than 100, what would you consider this value to be representative of

<p>MAP (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pick the correct statement regarding oscillometric and Doppler BP readings.

<p>Doppler has been shown to accurately measure SAP while the oscillometric better estimates DAP and MAP (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Blood pressure is the resulting vascular pressure as result of cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance. What things below determine the cardiac output

<p>Preload (B), afterload (C), contractility of the heart (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Blood pressure is the resulting vascular pressure as result of cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance. What things below determine the SVR

<p>Vessel diameter (A), blood viscosity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do we give high rates of fluids during anesthesia (multiple select)

<p>To compensate for adverse effects of anesthetic drugs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How to administration of blood products influence stroke volume

<p>Similar to IVF they increase venous volume to the heart increase preload (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Peripheral arterial BP is a type of what kind of BP measuring

<p>direct/ invasive (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What three things determine oxygen content within the body

<p>Hemoglobin concentration, Oxygen saturation, Partial pressure of dissolved oxygen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

what is the difference between hypoxia and hypoxemia

<p>hypoxia refers to low oxygen content in the tissues (SPO2) while hypoxemia is low oxygen in the blood (PAO2) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the V/Q ratio

<p>the relationship between air entering/leaving the aviolie to the amount of blood flow in the pulmonary capillaries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

There are five causes of hypoxemia. Laura provided a saying "lovers have different values right?" to help us remember the first letter of each of the five causes. What are the five causes?

<p>Low FIO2, hypoventilation, diffusion of oxygen impairment, V/Q mismatch, right to left shunt (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

V/Q mismatch is the defined as the disruption in balance between ventilation and perfusion in which the elimination of one or the other can impair the ability to oxygenate

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

V/Q mismatch can present two different ways. One way can be perfusion is normal but ventilation is impaired. What are the two most common reasons ventilation fails enough to lead to a V/Q mismatch?

<p>lung disease (B), atelectasis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

what is the first thing to check if patient has a low SPO2?

<p>The patients vitals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Your patient is showing signs of hypoxia and you must check your patient, oxygen is on and flowing properly according to the flow meter. what is the first thing you do

<p>Give and IPPV to check for volume and patency of airway (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does laura mean when she says "see pleth before 02"

<p>Check the Pleth to ensure the signal is good. If the signal is poor, the SPO2 value may be reliable (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms with their definitions:

<p>bradypnea = slow breathing hypercapnia = High CO2 tachypnea = fast respiratory rate hypocapnia = Low CO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

<p>bradycardia = Slow heart rate tachycardia = Fast heart rate Hypoxia = Low oxygen to tissue Hypoxemia = Low dissolved blood oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

what three genral things effect C02 levels

<p>Metabolism, perfusion, ventilation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the phases of a capnogram to their corresponding phase of respiration:

<p>Phase 2 = Expiratory upstroke Phase 3 = Expiratory plateau Phase 4 = Expiratory downstroke Phase 1 = Inspiratory baseline</p> Signup and view all the answers

what does the horizontal axis of a capnogram indicate

<p>time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is there a slight time lag between the real exhale and the production of the capnogram

<p>transit time from the lungs to the monitor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

why is capnography one of the most important monitoring parameters

<p>It can indicate issues related to perfusion, body temperature, BP, blood PH, and body temperature (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much can you reduce isoflorane if patient is hypercapnic

<p>until the patient is in a clear light plain of anesthesia without leaving the surgical plane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If patient is Hypercapnic, at an adequate depth, has normal vitals, what is likely the cause and what can you do to troubleshoot

<p>drug induced respiratory depression, give an IPPV to force gas exchange (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should we be careful with the amount of IPPVs we give? (multiple select)

<p>It can lead to apnea by tricking the brains ability to sense when a breath is needed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under anesthsia, permissive hypercapnia allows us to tolerate ETCO2 levels up to 55mmhg. what are the benefits of a slightly higher ETCO2 (multiple select)

<p>arterial vasconstriction (A), improved cardiac output (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Permissive hypocapnia allows us to accept ETCO2 valves of above 60 mmhg

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is this capnograph depicting

<p>hypercapnia</p> Signup and view all the answers

what is this capnogram depicting

<p>hypocapnia</p> Signup and view all the answers

what is this capnogram depicting

<p>sudden bump, due to changes in aveoli emptying or leak in sampling line</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does this capnogram depict

<p>dilution of CO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does this capnogram depict

<p>cardiac oscillations</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does this capnogram depict

<p>ETT obstruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does this capnogram depict

<p>sudden decrease in ETCO2, imminent cardiac arrest</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does this capnogram depict

<p>leak in cuff, kink, partial obstruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does this capnogram depict

<p>increase in baseline, reabreathing CO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Capital of France (example flashcard)

Paris

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