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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of psychology?

  • The study of animal behavior
  • The analysis of economic trends
  • The study of physical health and wellness
  • The scientific study of mental processes and behavior (correct)

Which of the following is NOT one of the four goals of psychologists?

  • Description of observations
  • Diagnosis of medical conditions (correct)
  • Explanation of mental processes
  • Prediction of circumstances leading to behavior

Which level of psychological analysis focuses on how culture influences behavior?

  • Environmental factors
  • The person
  • The brain
  • The group (correct)

What aspect does the 'brain' level of analysis primarily investigate?

<p>Brain structure and neuronal activity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might personality factors influence social media usage according to psychological analysis?

<p>By affecting emotional responses to content (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which question represents the type of inquiry appropriate for the 'person' level of psychological analysis?

<p>How might crisis resources improve decision making? (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do psychologists aim to control in their practice?

<p>Mental processes and behavior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following examples illustrates the impact of the group level of analysis in psychology?

<p>The influence of relative anonymity on online feelings of belonging (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following topics were studied by early philosophers in relation to the human mind?

<p>The nature of knowledge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key contribution of Rene Descartes to the field of psychology?

<p>The application of scientific methods to understand the natural world (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who among the following was an early scientist who measured the speed of neural impulses?

<p>Johannes Muller (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What radical idea did Charles Darwin propose in his theory of evolution?

<p>All life on Earth comes from one common ancestor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of natural selection entail according to Darwin's findings?

<p>Chance variations can be passed down generations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which philosopher is credited with proposing that knowledge might be inborn?

<p>Plato (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Wilhelm Wundt contribute to the field of psychology?

<p>He established psychology as a distinct scientific discipline (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Aristotle contribute to early psychological thought?

<p>By exploring the nature of knowledge and reality (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the visual illusion mentioned in the content create in the viewer's mind?

<p>A floating square (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does psychoanalysis primarily explore according to Freud's theory?

<p>Unconscious desires and conflicts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who proposed that studying animal behavior could explain human behavior?

<p>Edward Thorndike (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes classical conditioning as discovered by Ivan Pavlov?

<p>Learning involuntary responses through association (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is operant conditioning designed to influence according to B.F. Skinner?

<p>Observable behavior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does positive reinforcement have on behavior as per Skinner's theory?

<p>It increases the likelihood of a behavior occurring (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which experiment demonstrated classical conditioning in humans?

<p>The Little Albert experiment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary focus of behaviorism as a psychological approach?

<p>Observable behavior (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is recognized as the father of experimental psychology?

<p>Wilhelm Wundt (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What psychological paradigm did Wilhelm Wundt develop?

<p>Voluntarism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the focus of behaviorism?

<p>Observable behaviors and stimuli response (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method did Edward Titchener use to study consciousness?

<p>Introspection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of structuralism according to Titchener?

<p>To identify elements of consciousness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept did Carl Rogers emphasize in client-centred therapy?

<p>Unconditional support and positive regard for the client (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which key concept differentiates functionalism from structuralism?

<p>Belief in the fluidity of mental processes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which psychologist is known for developing a motivation theory based on a hierarchy of needs?

<p>Abraham Maslow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of cognitive psychology does Ulric Neisser emphasize?

<p>Information processing and mental processes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Gestalt psychologists assert about consciousness?

<p>Perception involves whole units (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In cultural psychology, what is studied?

<p>Differences in cognitive processes influenced by socio-cultural environments (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following topics did functionalists emphasize in their studies?

<p>Animal behavior and mental disorders (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea of Bandura's theory on learning?

<p>Learning occurs through social observation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant critique of structuralism by other psychologists?

<p>It focused too much on observable events (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about humanistic psychology is true?

<p>It emphasizes subjective perception over behavior. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do cross-cultural psychologists differ from cultural psychologists?

<p>They study cognitive processes that are universal across cultures. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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