Year 9 Law & Civics: Exam Revision

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Questions and Answers

Explain how the separation of powers contributes to the rule of law within the Australian legal system.

The separation of powers ensures that no single branch of government has absolute authority, thus preventing tyranny and upholding the principle that everyone, including the government, is subject to the law.

Describe the difference between a referendum and a plebiscite in the Australian context. What is each used for?

A referendum is a vote to change the Constitution, requiring a double majority to pass. A plebiscite is a non-binding vote that gauges public opinion on a particular issue.

Outline two key features of effective laws and explain why these features are essential.

Two key features are that laws must be clear and enforceable. Clarity ensures that individuals understand their obligations, and enforceability ensures compliance and maintains order.

Explain the roles of the House of Representatives and the Senate in the Australian Parliament.

The House of Representatives initiates and passes most laws, representing the people. The Senate reviews legislation from the House, representing the states and territories. Signup and view all the answers

Describe how preferential voting works and why it is used in Australian federal elections.

Preferential voting requires voters to rank candidates in order of preference. It ensures that the winning candidate has the support of the majority, preventing a candidate with only minority support from winning. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the difference between an active citizen and a global citizen.

An active citizen participates in their local community and nation, whereas a global citizen is aware of and engaged with wider world issues, promoting universal values and cooperation. Signup and view all the answers

What is Constitutional Monarchy? How does it operate in Australia?

A constitutional monarchy is a system where a monarch is the head of state but their powers are limited by a constitution. In Australia, the Queen is the head of state, represented by the Governor-General, but the Parliament holds legislative power. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the role of the High Court in relation to the Australian Constitution.

The High Court interprets the Constitution and resolves disputes about its meaning. Its decisions set precedents that shape the application of constitutional law across the country. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the process required to change the Australian Constitution.

Changing the Constitution requires a referendum that is approved by a double majority: a majority of voters nationwide and a majority of voters in a majority of states. Signup and view all the answers

Explain why understanding Australian values, rights, and responsibilities is important for citizens.

It promotes social cohesion, ensures the protection of individual freedoms, and encourages active participation in democratic processes. Citizens are more likely to contribute positively to society when they understand their roles and obligations. Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What are Laws?

A formal set of rules established and enforced by a governing authority to regulate behavior and maintain order in society.

Separation of Powers

The principle that governmental power is divided among three branches: the legislative (Parliament), the executive, and the judicial, ensuring that no single branch has absolute authority.

What is a referendum?

A vote in which citizens are asked to decide on a specific proposal or law.

Preferential Voting

A system of voting where voters rank candidates in order of preference, ensuring that the winning candidate has the support of a majority of voters.