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Questions and Answers
What is the term for the number of people living per unit of area per square kilometre?
What is the term for the number of people living per unit of area per square kilometre?
What is the difference between the birth rate and the death rate?
What is the difference between the birth rate and the death rate?
What type of country has a high level of economic development and a high standard of living?
What type of country has a high level of economic development and a high standard of living?
What is the term for natural materials that are used by humans, such as water, minerals, and forests?
What is the term for natural materials that are used by humans, such as water, minerals, and forests?
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What is the term for the pattern of where people live, whether they are spread out evenly or concentrated in certain areas?
What is the term for the pattern of where people live, whether they are spread out evenly or concentrated in certain areas?
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What is the term for polluted rain that harms the environment?
What is the term for polluted rain that harms the environment?
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What is the term for a period of time during the late 18th and early 19th centuries that made the world more modern and drastically increased the population of the world?
What is the term for a period of time during the late 18th and early 19th centuries that made the world more modern and drastically increased the population of the world?
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What is the term for something that can be maintained and will not hurt the environment long-term?
What is the term for something that can be maintained and will not hurt the environment long-term?
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What is the main cause of global warming?
What is the main cause of global warming?
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What is the term for the movement of people from rural to urban areas?
What is the term for the movement of people from rural to urban areas?
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What is the purpose of Masdar City?
What is the purpose of Masdar City?
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What is the term for the distance over water that the wind blows in a single direction, generating waves?
What is the term for the distance over water that the wind blows in a single direction, generating waves?
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What is the process of material being worn away from the earth's surface by natural forces such as wind or water?
What is the process of material being worn away from the earth's surface by natural forces such as wind or water?
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What is the term for the movement of water up the beach after a wave breaks?
What is the term for the movement of water up the beach after a wave breaks?
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What is the difference in height between high tide and low tide?
What is the difference in height between high tide and low tide?
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What is the type of erosion that occurs when rocks and pebbles collide and break into smaller pieces?
What is the type of erosion that occurs when rocks and pebbles collide and break into smaller pieces?
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Study Notes
Population
- Population refers to the total number of people living in a particular area.
- Population density is the number of people living per unit of area per square kilometre.
- Population distribution is the pattern of where people live, whether they are spread out evenly or concentrated in certain areas.
- Life expectancy is the expected length of life.
- Population structure refers to the composition of a population, often shown in terms of age and gender.
Age and Population
- Ageing population refers to the number of old people or elderly in a population.
- Young population refers to the number of young people (usually under 15) living in a place.
Birth and Death Rates
- Birth rate is the number of live births per 1,000 people per year.
- Death rate is the number of deaths per 1,000 people per year.
- Natural increase is the difference between the birth rate and the death rate, indicating population growth when births exceed deaths.
Historical Context
- Hunter-gatherers were early humans who lived by hunting animals and gathering plants for food.
- Industrial revolution was a period of time during the late 18th and early 19th centuries that made the world more modern and drastically increased the population.
- Farming began around 10,000 BC when humans settled to more agricultural communities.
Population and Environment
- Sparsely populated areas have a low population density, while densely populated areas have a high population density.
- Population growth refers to the increase in the number of people in an area over time.
- MEDC (More Economically Developed Country) has a high level of economic development and a high standard of living, while LEDC (Less Economically Developed Country) has a lower level of economic development and standard of living.
- Resources are natural materials that are used by humans, such as water, minerals, and forests.
- Sustainable refers to something that can be maintained and will not harm the environment long-term.
Environmental Issues
- Acid rain is polluted rain that harms the environment.
- Global warming is the increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to rising levels of greenhouse gases.
Urbanisation
- Urban area is a city or town with many buildings and people.
- Rural area is a countryside region with few buildings and people.
- Urbanisation is the process of people moving from rural to urban places.
- Slums are overcrowded, poor areas with poor housing and services.
- Push factors are negative aspects, conditions, or wars that cause people to leave a place.
- Pull factors are positive aspects, conditions, or high-paying jobs that cause people to move to a place.
Masdar City
- Masdar City is a planned project in Abu Dhabi, UAE, designed to be a hub for clean technology, eco-friendly resources, and renewable energy.
Coasts
- Coasts are the land next to the ocean or sea.
- Fetch is the distance over water that the wind blows in a single direction, generating waves.
- Waves are the movement of the sea's surface caused by wind.
- Uprush is the movement of water up the beach after a wave breaks.
- Backwash is the movement of water back down the beach toward the sea after a wave has broken.
- Swash is the movement of waves washing up onto the beach.
- Tides are the regular rise and fall of the sea level caused by the gravitational pull of the moon.
- High tide is a tide when the water is at its highest level.
- Low tide is a tide when the water is at its lowest level.
- Tidal range is the difference in height between high tide and low tide.
- Erode refers to the process of wearing away material from the earth's surface by natural forces such as wind or water.
- Deposit refers to the process of adding sediments, soil, and rocks to a landform or land mass.
- Transport refers to the movement of materials from one place to another by water or wind.
- Erode: Attrition is when rocks and pebbles collide and break into smaller pieces.
- Erode: Abrasion is erosion caused by the scraping or wearing away of the earth's surface by materials carried by wind, water, or ice.
- Erode: Hydraulic action is erosion that occurs when water rubs against a rock surface, producing mechanical weathering.
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Description
Revision for geography examinations 2023-2024 covering population, population density, distribution, and structure, as well as life expectancy.
