Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the definition of a computer as stated in the text?
What is the definition of a computer as stated in the text?
A computer is a programmable machine designed to sequentially and automatically carry out a sequence of arithmetic or logical operations.
What is a computer according to the UK Data Protection Act 1998?
What is a computer according to the UK Data Protection Act 1998?
Equipment that operates automatically to process data.
What does the term "Information Technology" refer to?
What does the term "Information Technology" refer to?
Information technology (IT) is a branch of engineering dealing with the use of computers and telecommunications equipment to store, retrieve, transmit and manipulate data.
How does the Information Technology Association of America define IT?
How does the Information Technology Association of America define IT?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT a component of Information Technology as shown in the diagram?
Which of the following is NOT a component of Information Technology as shown in the diagram?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the difference between Analogue and Digital computing?
What is the difference between Analogue and Digital computing?
Signup and view all the answers
Transistor computers are considered electronic.
Transistor computers are considered electronic.
Signup and view all the answers
All electronic computers use binary calculations.
All electronic computers use binary calculations.
Signup and view all the answers
Which of these are considered output devices for a computer?
Which of these are considered output devices for a computer?
Signup and view all the answers
A computer's operating system manages the computer's hardware resources.
A computer's operating system manages the computer's hardware resources.
Signup and view all the answers
The internet can be defined as a network of networks.
The internet can be defined as a network of networks.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the difference between the Internet and the World Wide Web?
What is the difference between the Internet and the World Wide Web?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the function of the Domain Name Server (DNS)?
What is the function of the Domain Name Server (DNS)?
Signup and view all the answers
The Internet was initially developed by the US Defence Forces. What was the project called?
The Internet was initially developed by the US Defence Forces. What was the project called?
Signup and view all the answers
Web 2.0 introduced social interaction, user-generated content, and online gaming.
Web 2.0 introduced social interaction, user-generated content, and online gaming.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the fastest-growing part of the Internet?
What is the fastest-growing part of the Internet?
Signup and view all the answers
In 2018, Facebook had more than 1 Billion monthly active users.
In 2018, Facebook had more than 1 Billion monthly active users.
Signup and view all the answers
What does the Gartner company predict will be in 95% of electronics by 2020?
What does the Gartner company predict will be in 95% of electronics by 2020?
Signup and view all the answers
Gartner predicts that 50% of enterprises will spend more money on traditional mobile app development than on bot and chatbot creation by 2021.
Gartner predicts that 50% of enterprises will spend more money on traditional mobile app development than on bot and chatbot creation by 2021.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the function of the 'header' in packet data?
What is the function of the 'header' in packet data?
Signup and view all the answers
One advantage of using packet data is that it can be more efficient than using a dedicated physical path.
One advantage of using packet data is that it can be more efficient than using a dedicated physical path.
Signup and view all the answers
Packet switching is also referred to as a 'circuit switched' network.
Packet switching is also referred to as a 'circuit switched' network.
Signup and view all the answers
Packet switching allows for more efficient use of bandwidth.
Packet switching allows for more efficient use of bandwidth.
Signup and view all the answers
Packet switching is resilient to network damage; data can be rerouted and reassembled.
Packet switching is resilient to network damage; data can be rerouted and reassembled.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
International & Access Foundation Programmes
- Computer Science Semester I, Part 2
- Introduction to The Internet
- Lecturer: Nevan Bermingham
What is a Computer?
- A computer is a programmable machine carrying out arithmetic or logical operations automatically.
- A computer is "equipment that operates automatically to process data". (UK Data Protection Act 1998)
Exercise
- What does information technology mean, and what are its components?
What does I.T. mean?
- Information Technology (IT) is a branch of engineering dealing with computers and telecommunications to store, retrieve, transmit and manipulate data.
- IT involves the study, design, development, application, implementation, support or management of computer-based information systems.
- Components: People, Procedures, Hardware, Software, Databases, Telecom.
Computing Evolution
- Early computing devices: Difference Engine (1822, Charles Babbage), AKAT-1 (world's first transistor differential analyzer – 1959), IBM 1401 (1959), IBM 5150 (1981), HP Compaq tablet PC (2003).
- The evolution shows a progression from analogue, physical to electronic digital.
Binary
- All electronic computers operate using binary calculations (0 and 1).
Basic Model of a Computer
- Components: Input (Keyboard, Mouse), Processing (Processor Chip), Storage (Hard Drive, Flash Memory), Output (Monitor, Printer).
High Level View of a Computer
- Components: Applications (e.g., Microsoft Office), Operating System, Computer Hardware, Internet access, Keyboard, Mouse, and Screen.
The Internet
- A global system of interconnected computer networks.
- Composed of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks.
- Includes documents (WWW) and email communication.
The History of the Internet
- Key milestones: ARPANET (1960s), Internet Protocol Suite (1980s).
- Key developments: HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP), HyperText Markup Language (HTML), and the first Web browser (Sir Tim Berners-Lee – 1990s).
- Web 2.0 emerged in the 2000s with online gaming, media, video conferencing, social media, blogging, online shopping, and banking.
Group Exercise: What do you think "The Internet Means?"
- Questions related to different internet usage, its impact on work/play, positives and negatives, and future advancements in the IT & Computer Science industry.
Internet Stats 2018
- Overview of Internet Usage: Over 4 billion internet users globally in early 2018, with Asia possessing the majority, and a growing portion of the global population with internet access.
- Global Internet Stats 2018 (user numbers, websites recorded, and popular internet searches):
- Social Media usage: 3.2 billion social media users, with Facebook topping 2.2 billion monthly active users and YouTube surpassing 1.5 billion users in 2018.
- Ecommerce related topics: Significant rise in eCommerce and popularity of certain websites.
Why do devices matter?
- Global Internet Device Shipments Forecast: Demonstrating mobile phone/smartphone, personal computer, and tablet rise in usage, showing increased online device activity.
The iPhone rules "myth?"
- Market share analysis of smartphone devices reveals that Apple devices do not always hold the majority share, with Android and others having significant market penetration over time.
Internet Growth
- Internet of Things (IoT) growth: Number of connected devices is increasing, reaching into the many billions by 2020 (and continuing).
Some Other Facts About the Internet
- Facts highlighting the massive growth and affordability of computer technology and the rise of connected "things" - devices such as mobile phones, cars, wearables.
Group Work (Technology & Internet Trends)
- Directions: This section is made up of student-oriented questions.
Gartner Predicts...
- The focus is on future trends in technology and internet usage, including visual and voice search, blockchain, counterfeit reality, and AI-driven bots.
IoT in Everything
- IoT technology's integration into devices, suggesting the prevalence of an internet of things (IoT) presence in consumer electronics design and security.
Top 10 Strategic Technology Trends for 2019
- This presents a selection of technology trends recognised for their forecast importance.
Internet Changing History?
- A TedTalk discussing how cell phones, Twitter, and Facebook have changed history.
How does the Web Work?
- The process of typing a web address, finding the web server location, requesting the page, and displaying the page.
Webservers
- The role computer servers play in hosting websites, using disk arrays, and specific server computer types.
DNS - Domain Name System
- The hierarchical system used to translate domain names (e.g., google.com) into IP addresses for computers to understand.
Where do you see this in Windows?
- Location of relevant software configurations to manage internet connectivity within the Windows operating system.
- Relevant to setting up computer network configurations.
ICANN
- The organisation that coordinates the maintenance of the databases of IP Addresses and the Internet's global Domain Name System (DNS).
IP Addresses (IP Version 4)
- Format, structure, and components of IP addresses.
IP Addresses
- Structure and allocation of IP addresses within computer networks.
Limit of IP v4
- IPv4 address space limitations driving the need for IPv6.
How does the Internet Work?
- Description of how the internet works from input to output, highlighting the packet-based structure and routing methods used.
How does the Internet Work? Packet Data
- Packet data transfer, its structure, and importance.
Traditional Circuit Switching
- Physical, dedicated channels or circuits for communication; contrasted with the more efficient network architecture that is used when sending data packets across the internet.
Packet Switching Circuits
- Sending data as independent packages; routing and breaking data down into packets, enabling faster and more efficient communication across a variety of applications.
Why Use Packet Data?
- Packet data's efficiency compared to dedicated circuits enables simultaneous data communications across the network, and the ability for the network to handle disruptions or data loss better.
To Recap - The Internet...
- Key components of the internet's structure: global packet-switching network, network of networks, and the World Wide Web.
Further Reading & Resources
- Links to websites containing additional information and further reading.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
