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Questions and Answers

What is essential to consider when making choices?

  • The opinions of others
  • Immediate emotional gratification
  • Previous experiences only
  • Possible courses of actions (correct)

How should freedom be exercised according to the content?

  • Only in personal interests
  • With control and recognition of reasonable limits (correct)
  • Without any limits
  • By following societal norms blindly

What role does self-reflection play in exercising freedom?

  • It helps in recognizing sudden emotions.
  • It leads to indecision.
  • It is irrelevant to freedom.
  • It guides responsible actions and reflections. (correct)

Why is it important to acquire truthful knowledge before acting?

<p>It aids in making wise and informed choices. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does exercising freedom responsibly require?

<p>Reflecting on actions and considering their effects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what context can a person sacrifice their freedom?

<p>To achieve greater benefits (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the content view the act of making choices in relation to feelings and moods?

<p>You should not be a slave to sudden emotions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can undermine freedom according to the content?

<p>Making choices based on half-truths or lies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between self-control and a person's freedom?

<p>Self-control enhances a person's freedom. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is a person who is imprisoned considered dehumanized?

<p>They are deprived of their freedom. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the inherent freedom of humans signify?

<p>Humans are dynamic and act on their own volition. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does losing control of oneself impact human freedom?

<p>It diminishes human freedom. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the intrinsic nature of freedom imply about humans?

<p>Humans are born with an innate desire for freedom. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does addiction affect a person's freedom according to the content?

<p>It reduces freedom by overpowering the individual. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about people who behave impulsively?

<p>They exhibit behaviors that are less humane and more animalistic. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is suggested about animal behavior in the context of freedom?

<p>Animal actions are merely responses to external commands. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key characteristics of human freedom as described?

<p>The ability to determine actions based on intellect and will (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does exercising self-control relate to freedom?

<p>It increases a person's ability to make independent choices (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what situation is a person considered less free?

<p>When they follow their emotions without ethical consideration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the relationship between freedom and personality?

<p>Personality is shaped by the choices one makes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can negatively affect a person's freedom according to the content?

<p>Being influenced by addiction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of exercising one's freedom?

<p>Choosing to help others despite personal inconvenience (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does self-determination refer to in the context of freedom?

<p>The capacity to make choices that define one's future (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario exemplifies a lack of freedom?

<p>Being forced to work without the option to leave (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What skill is NOT typically involved in doing philosophy?

<p>Emotional intelligence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which question emphasizes the responsibility of individuals during a pandemic?

<p>Must you observe the minimum health protocols? (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Aristotle, what is the basis of freedom?

<p>Reason (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What follows reason according to the discussion on intellectual freedom?

<p>Will (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement reflects Sartre's view on individual choice?

<p>Individuals must embrace their moral responsibility. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to the accountability for one's actions and their consequences?

<p>Responsibility (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which notion best encapsulates the concept of 'Mauvais Foi' in existentialism?

<p>Bad faith (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What virtue involves being circumspect in the choice of actions?

<p>Prudence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of physical freedom?

<p>The absence of any physical restraint. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes psychological freedom?

<p>The innate ability to choose actions based on personal judgment. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does moral freedom emphasize?

<p>Using freedom in ways that enhance human dignity and goodness. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does voluntariness refer to in the context of freedom?

<p>The capability to act out of one's own free will and self-determination. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does responsibility relate to freedom?

<p>It implies that individuals must own up to their choices and outcomes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement does not align with the principle of 'existence precedes essence'?

<p>To provide oxygen, shades, or fruits, the seedlings need to grow bigger to become trees. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a person fails to use their freedom wisely, how does it affect their moral freedom?

<p>It can lead to a dehumanization of the self. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement does not relate to the concept of freedom in self-determination?

<p>One who loses control does not diminish human freedom and dehumanize himself or herself. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of exercising psychological freedom irresponsibly?

<p>Facing negative outcomes from personal choices. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is not a true representation of Sartre's theory of existentialism?

<p>A belief that society should not restrict an individual's life or actions and that these restrictions inhibit free will and the development of that person’s potential. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the concept of self-determination relate to voluntary actions?

<p>It allows individuals to make choices based solely on their preferences. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement contradicts the concept of freedom?

<p>Freedom makes a person free when he or she is no longer control of himself or herself as he or she is controlled by other forces. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best negates the idea that moral acts are in our power and we are responsible for them?

<p>A student should not be repentant of cutting class, as he or she is not responsible for the consequences of his or her actions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following contradicts the assertion that essence is determined after existence?

<p>A person's identity is fixed at birth, determined by their family background. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which option misrepresents the concept of human freedom in existentialism?

<p>An individual’s essence can be completely understood through introspection alone. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement does not accurately reflect the importance of self-determination in freedom?

<p>Everyone has equal ability to exercise self-determination regardless of circumstances. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Human Freedom

The ability to choose courses of action, be who you want to be, and create for yourself.

Existence precedes essence (except)

The concept that a person's existence comes first, and then they define their essence (meaning of life/purpose) through their life experiences. The 'except' part means that not all situations related to human existence follow that way.

Free will; self-determination (except)

Humans have the freedom to choose their actions and thus shape their lives, despite intellect and will.

Self-Determination

The power of a person to make their own decisions and act with their own values.

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Freedom and Intellect/Will

Our actions are freely determined by our minds and will, impacting who we become.

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Existentialism (false statement)

A philosophical theory about the individual's freedom to make choices, even if society restricts them. A statement of truth only works based on its practical consequences.

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Human Nature (not part of existence precedes essence)

Humans have an essence or nature that dictates what they should do.  Existence precedes essence is the opposite of this view.

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Freedom (inconsistent statement)

Freedom is a personal quality, and a person's choices determine their personhood. Statements that contradict this idea undermine freedom.

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Dehumanization

Loss of human freedom and dignity due to external forces like limitations.

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Moral Responsibility (negated statement)

Moral acts are under a person's power and they're accountable for the results. A statement negating this means that the person is not in control

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Human Existence (example of existence precedes essence)

Humans are born first and define themselves after. Their experiences and lessons from their environments define who they are.

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Slavery Example

An example of dehumanization; lacking freedom to make decisions.

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Control over Freedom

Freedom requires control over yourself, and lack thereof lessens freedom. Addiction and emotions control limit personal freedom.

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True Exercise of Freedom

A person truly exercising freedom when their actions reflect their own values and are not controlled by external forces.

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Personal Freedom

The capacity to make one's own decisions and set one's own goals, rather than being controlled by others.

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Existential Freedom (Sartre's Theory)

Sartre's concept suggesting each individual has complete freedom to choose and control their actions, shaping their existence.

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Freedom and Control

Exercising control over oneself does not automatically increase freedom.

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Imprisonment and Dehumanization

Imprisonment deprives a person of freedom, leading to dehumanization.

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Inherent Human Freedom

Humans are inherently free beings who naturally seek freedom, and actions aren't predetermined.

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Freedom and Self-Control

Loss of self-control doesn't automatically reduce freedom, and isn't dehumanizing.

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Addiction and Freedom

Addiction diminishes freedom as it hinders the person's ability to choose freely.

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Free Will vs. Action

A person's intellect and free will are part of exercising their freedom.

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Human Action and Free Will

Unlike animals, humans are not solely directed by immediate responses/commands but governed by intellect and free will.

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Impulsive Behavior and Humanity

People who act impulsively are not as distinct from animals, as their choices may not be as rationally or freely made.

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Prudence and Choices

Making choices requires careful thought and consideration of consequences. We should prioritize responsible actions over impulsive decisions, reflecting on our potential courses of action.

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Self-Reflection and Freedom

Our freedom demands critical self-awareness. Instead of acting purely on emotions, we must reflect on our actions, consider their impact, and make conscious, responsible choices.

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Limits of Freedom

Freedom is not absolute. It involves recognizing reasonable limitations and sometimes even sacrificing personal desires for greater benefits.

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Truth and Freedom

Our actions are guided by knowledge and truth. Seeking accurate information allows us to make informed and wise decisions.

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Responsible Use of Freedom

Exercising freedom responsibly means making choices aligned with our values and respecting the well-being of others.

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Holistic Perspective

When making decisions, we should consider all aspects of a situation before reaching a conclusion.

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Consequences of Freedom

Our choices, guided by freedom, have consequences. We must consider the impact of our actions on ourselves and others.

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Freedom and Deception

True freedom is compromised when actions are driven by lies or half-truths. We should strive for authenticity and avoid manipulation.

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Physical Freedom

The ability to move freely without physical restraints. This includes being able to go where you want and act as you choose, without limitations.

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Psychological Freedom

The ability to make choices, act on your beliefs, and experience emotions without external pressure. You are free to think and feel without being forced.

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Moral Freedom

Using your freedom responsibly to act in ways that uphold human dignity and goodness. Choosing to use freedom for personal growth and respecting others.

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Voluntariness

The ability to make choices and act based on your own free will and self-determination. You choose to do things, not because you are forced but because you want to.

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Responsibility

Being accountable for your actions and their consequences, understanding that you have a duty to be responsible for the choices you make.

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Deprivation of Liberty

The state of being confined or restricted in one's freedom of movement, typically through imprisonment or other legal restrictions.

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Innate Freedom

Psychological freedom is inherent to all humans, meaning it is a natural part of being human and cannot be taken away. No one can force you to feel or think something you don't want to.

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Existentialism

A philosophical view that emphasizes individual freedom and responsibility, stating that 'existence precedes essence'. This means we are born without a predetermined purpose, and our lives are shaped by our own choices.

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Freedom

The ability to make choices and act without external constraint. It encompasses both physical and intellectual freedom.

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Prudence

The virtue of thoughtful consideration and caution in decision-making. It involves weighing possible consequences and making choices to avoid negative outcomes.

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Volition

The power of will or conscious choice. It's the ability to act deliberately and intentionally based on our own decisions.

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Intellectual Freedom

The ability to think critically, analyze information, and form independent judgments. It's the foundation of freedom of thought and expression.

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Mauvais Foi

A concept in existentialism that refers to 'bad faith', where individuals try to escape the responsibility of their choices and attempt to avoid making authentic decisions.

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Sartre's Claim

Sartre argues that we must recognize the moral choices we make for all humankind and resist the urge to escape this responsibility. We are responsible not just for ourselves, but for our impact on others.

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Study Notes

Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person: Freedom

  • Freedom is a core concept in the philosophy of the human person
  • Students will write essays and reaction papers on freedom
  • Key concepts and thinkers related to freedom will be explored

Objectives

  • Write a persuasive essay on Charlotte Bronte's quote on independent will and Aristotle's view on prudence
  • Evaluate the exercise of freedom in making choices

Multiple Choice Questions

  • Aristotle's concept of "Intellectual Freedom" does not involve friendship
  • Aristotle's statement, "Our spirituality separates human beings from animals", was attributed to a philosopher different from Aristotle himself.
  • The correct pairing of human freedom's elements is voluntariness and responsibility

What is Consistent with Physical Freedom

  • The ability to perform actions deemed right and wise by the person
  • The freedom of movement to go wherever one wants
  • Using freedom to uphold human dignity and goodness

Aristotle's Pronouncement

  • Humans are social beings by nature

"If a human being perseveringly lives a righteous and virtuous life..."

  • This statement aligns with Aristotle's concept of intellectual freedom

Power of Volition (Except)

  • Actions bearing no consequences

Jean Paul Sartre's Existentialism

  • Central to Sartre's existentialism is the principle that existence precedes essence.

"Existence Precedes Essence" (Except)

  • The concept that seedlings grow to become trees

Freedom is Rooted in the Human Person

  • A person's actions determine the type of person he/she becomes
  • Loss of control does diminish freedom

Sartre's Theory of Existentialism

  • People are free agents who have control over their choices and actions
  • Society's restrictions inhibit free will and potential
  • Existence is individual and particular

Inconsistent Statements on Freedom

  • Freedom is not under control by other forces

Moral Acts and Responsibility

  • Students are responsible for their actions, and should regret their consequences
  • Moral acts are particular, in our power, and we are responsible
  • Cutting classes is a voluntary choice, yet results in responsibility

Freedom as an Intrinsic Property

  • Freedom is an intrinsic and essential property of the human person
  • Human nature is to seek freedom
  • Characteristics define our personality, which are often products of choices

"Freedom is Love" (St. Thomas Aquinas)

  • Spirituality separates humans from animals
  • Humans have a conscience
  • Whether choosing good or evil is our responsibility

All Actions Have Consequences

  • Basic idea that actions have consequences

What is Freedom?

  • Ability to make choices and perform actions sets humans apart
  • The human person, by nature, is a free being and seeks freedom

Animals vs. Humans

  • Humans are not conditioned by instincts like animals

Freedom of Choice

  • Psychological freedom is inherent
  • External forces cannot compel choices against the will
  • Emotions such as love, hate, sorrow are inherent aspects of human emotion

Moral Freedom

  • Freedom is not an object to use in any way
  • Good actions make a person freer
  • Bad actions lead to dehumanization

What Makes You Free? How Does Freedom Shape Your Existence?

  • Freedom is an opportunity, a choice to give meaning to one's life

Voluntariness

  • It refers to the ability to act or not act based on free will
  • It's the capacity to make decisions and choices

Responsibility/Accountability

  • The person is responsible for actions and consequences
  • Voluntary or due to other people's obligations

Freedom of Others

  • Freedom should be exercised with consideration for others

Reflection

  • Is slavery a dehumanizing act?
  • When can a person truly exercise freedom?

True/False Statements on Freedom

  • Person becomes less freer when exercising self-control.
  • Imprisoned person is dehumanized.
  • Inherent human freedom causes dynamic actions

Additional aspects of Freedom

  • Losing self-control does not diminish freedom

  • Freedom is an intrinsic and essential human property

  • Freedom demands actions that consider others, knowledge

  • Freedom is crucial, despite societal pressures

  • Philosophy encourages holistic reasoning

Mind Mapping Instructions

  • Students will reflect on chosen items
  • Each item gives you 5 points
  • Ideas: 3 points, clarity: 2 points

Explain Sartre's Belief

  • Human beings are free

Can the World Satisfy Our Desire for Happiness?

  • Human happiness may not be fully met by the material world

Rationality as a Function

  • Rationality is actively performed, not a passive state
  • A list of words related to philosophy and freedom

Evaluating Prudence in Choices

  • The interaction of intellect and will
  • The need for caution, reflection in making choices

Self-reflection in Freedom

  • Freedom is not controlled by sudden emotions

Human Freedom (Control and Limits)

  • Personal limits in freedom
  • Making choices with greater benefits
  • Freedom involves understanding constraints

Freedom with Knowledge and Truth

  • Thinking before acting is part of freedom
  • Acquiring knowledge aids in wise choices

Freedom and Political Landscape

  • Freedom involves intelligent voting

Doing Philosophy

  • Examining all aspects of a situation for reasoned conclusions

Reflection on COVID-19 Pandemic

  • Observing health protocols is important

Reflective Essay Writing Procedure

  • Use doing philosophy process for logical responses

Personal Discernment on Freedom

  • Moral choices and the urge to escape responsibility
  • Aristotle's and Sartre's concepts on freedom
  • Individual choices, cautious and prudent decisions

Identification Activity

  • Matching philosophical terms to descriptions

Elements of Freedom (Definitions)

  • Choices, prudence, responsibility, free will, and intellectual freedom

Reaction Paper on Human Freedom in Action

  • Recognizing the impact of choices on both successes and failures
  • Reflecting on how one manages the challenges in freedom

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