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Questions and Answers

Is it possible for a moving body to have non-zero average speed but zero average velocity during any given interval of time? If so, explain.

Yes, it is possible. For example, if a body travels in a straight line at a constant speed and then returns to its starting point, it will have covered a distance but its displacement will be zero, resulting in a zero average velocity.

Yes, it is possible. For example, if a body moves in a circular path and returns to its starting point after completing one full revolution, its average speed will be non-zero as it has covered a distance, but its average velocity will be zero because its displacement is zero. (correct)

Yes, it is possible. For example, if a body travels in a straight line and returns to its starting point, its average speed will be non-zero as it has covered a distance, but its average velocity will be zero because its displacement is zero.

No, it's not possible. If a body has a non-zero average speed, it must also have a non-zero average velocity.

When we say that a bullock cart is moving at 10km h^-1 due south, what does it mean?

This means that the cart travels a distance of 10km in 1h in southward direction from its starting position.

A person strolls inside a train with a velocity of 1.0 m s^-1 in the direction of motion of the train. If the train is moving with a velocity of 3.0 m s^-1, calculate the person's velocity as seen by passengers in the compartment.

1.0 m s-1 (correct)

4.0 m s-1

3.0 m s-1

2.0 m s-1

What is the difference between instantaneous velocity and average velocity?

Instantaneous velocity is the velocity of an object at a specific moment in time. Average velocity is the overall velocity of an object over a period of time. Signup and view all the answers

Under what conditions is the average velocity of a body equal to its instantaneous velocity?

When the body is moving with a constant velocity. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following graphs is not possible? Give reason for your answer?

A position-time graph where the position of an object decreases with time, then remains constant, and finally increases again linearly with time. Signup and view all the answers

What does the slope of the velocity-time graph at any instant represent?

The slope of the velocity-time graph at any instant represents the acceleration of the body at that instant. Signup and view all the answers

What type of motion does the adjoining graph represent: uniform motion, accelerated motion, or decelerated motion? Explain.

The graph represents decelerated motion. The velocity of the body is decreasing with time, which indicates that the body is slowing down. Signup and view all the answers

The ______ is used to calculate the position of an object after time t when it is undergoing constant acceleration a.

Second Equation of Motion Signup and view all the answers

A car A is travelling on a straight road with a uniform speed of 60 km h^-1. Car B is following it with uniform velocity of 70 km h^-1.When the distance between them is 2.5 km, the car B is given a decceleration of 20 km h^-1. At what distance and time will the car B catch up with car A?

Car B will catch up with car A at a distance of 32.5 km after 0.5 hours. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Motion in a Straight Line

Motion is the change in position of an object over time
Distance is the total length of the path traveled
Displacement is the change in position from the starting point to the end point
Speed is the rate at which distance is covered
Velocity is the rate at which displacement is covered
Acceleration is the rate at which velocity changes

Objectives

Distinguish between distance and displacement, speed and velocity
Explain instantaneous velocity, relative velocity, and average velocity
Define acceleration and instantaneous acceleration
Interpret position-time and velocity-time graphs for uniform and non-uniform motion
Derive equations of motion with constant acceleration
Describe motion under gravity
Solve numericals based on equations of motion
Understand the concept of differentiation and integration

Speed and Velocity

Speed is a scalar quantity, representing the rate of change of distance with time
Velocity is a vector quantity, representing the rate of change of displacement with time
Average speed is the total distance traveled divided by the total time taken
Average velocity is the total displacement divided by the total time taken
Instantaneous velocity is the velocity of an object at a specific instant in time

Acceleration

Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity over time
Average acceleration is the change in velocity divided by the change in time
Instantaneous acceleration is the instantaneous rate of change of velocity

Position-Time Graphs

Position-time graphs plot position versus time
A straight horizontal line on a position-time graph represents an object at rest
A straight inclined line on a position time graph represents an object moving with uniform motion
A curved line on a position-time graph indicates an object moving with non-uniform motion

Velocity-Time Graphs

Velocity-time graphs plot velocity versus time
A straight horizontal line on a velocity-time graph represents an object moving with uniform motion
The slope of a velocity-time graph gives the acceleration
The area under a velocity-time graph gives the displacement

Equations of Motion

v = u + at
s = ut + ½at²
v² = u² + 2as

Motion Under Gravity

Acceleration due to gravity (g) is approximately 9.8 m/s² near the Earth's surface
Objects falling freely experience constant downward acceleration due to gravity

Differentiation and Integration

Differentiation is the process of finding the rate of change of one variable with respect to another
Integration is the reverse process of differentiation, used to find the accumulation of a quantity over a range of values.

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