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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?

  • To circulate blood throughout the body (correct)
  • To produce hormones
  • To provide sensory perception
  • To facilitate digestion

Which chamber of the heart is directed downward and toward the left?

  • Right ventricle
  • Left ventricle (correct)
  • Right atrium
  • Left atrium

What is the approximate weight of the adult male heart?

  • 450 grams
  • 600 grams
  • 150 grams
  • 300 grams (correct)

What type of tissue makes up the outer covering of the heart?

<p>Fibrous connective tissue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many chambers does the human heart have?

<p>Four (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is contained within the pericardial cavity?

<p>Pericardial fluid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the pericardium adheres to the heart itself?

<p>Visceral layer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what part of the thoracic cavity is the heart located?

<p>Mediastinum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of veins in the circulatory system?

<p>To return blood to the heart (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of lymph compared to plasma?

<p>Lymph is similar to plasma but lacks plasma proteins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vessel drains lymph from the right arm and right side of the thorax?

<p>Right Lymphatic Duct (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are lymph nodes predominantly located?

<p>Along the length of lymph vessels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the spleen play in the lymphatic system?

<p>It stores blood and removes aged cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the sinoatrial (SA) node in the heart?

<p>To initiate the electrical impulse for cardiac muscle excitation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are intercalated disks responsible for in cardiac muscle cells?

<p>Connecting adjacent muscle cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during atrial systole?

<p>Atria contract and blood moves into the ventricles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What follows atrial systole in the cardiac cycle?

<p>Atrial relaxation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which components are included in the conducting system of the heart?

<p>Sinoatrial node, Internodal fibres, Atrioventricular node, His-Purkinje system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of T tubules in cardiac muscle cells?

<p>Provide extracellular calcium during contraction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the cardiac cycle does the first heart sound occur?

<p>Isovolumetric contraction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of atrial systole in a cardiac cycle lasting 0.8 seconds?

<p>0.1 seconds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the rapid ejection phase of ventricular systole?

<p>Blood is ejected rapidly into the arteries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the electrocardiogram (ECG) measure in the heart?

<p>Electrical activity of the heart (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of ventricular diastole in a cardiac cycle with a total time of 0.8 seconds?

<p>0.5 seconds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vessel closure produces the second heart sound?

<p>Semilunar valves (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle fibers conduct impulses from the AV node to the ventricles?

<p>His-Purkinje fibers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of ventricular diastole occurs first?

<p>Isometric relaxation phase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the isovolumetric contraction phase?

<p>Pressure rises within the ventricles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The third heart sound occurs during which part of the cardiac cycle?

<p>First rapid filling phase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of arteries in the circulatory system?

<p>To carry blood away from the heart (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer is NOT part of the three-layered structure of blood vessels?

<p>Tunica vasculosa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which force acts to favor filtration in the capillaries?

<p>Hydrostatic pressure of the capillaries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structural feature distinguishes veins from arteries?

<p>Valves permitting one-way flow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the walls of arteries during systolic flow?

<p>They expand to accommodate blood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are small veins that arise from the unification of capillaries called?

<p>Venules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component increases hydrostatic pressure in capillaries?

<p>Smooth muscle contraction in venules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do capillaries facilitate the exchange of substances?

<p>Via filtration and reabsorption guided by various pressures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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