Xylem and Phloem Quiz

Study Notes

Xylem Tissue

Conducts water and dissolved nutrients from roots to leaves in a one-way flow.
Composed of elongated dead cells called vessels, forming long interconnecting tubes.
Cell walls are thickened with lignin, providing strength while killing the cell contents.
Transports water and mineral salts only upwards from roots to leaves.

Phloem Tissue

Responsible for transporting manufactured food to various plant parts, allowing two-way movement.
Composed of elongated cells with perforations in end-plates, facilitating flow via translocation.
Transports substances such as sucrose, water, amino acids, and hormones.

Vascular Cambium

A meristematic tissue found in dicot plants producing new xylem and phloem cells.
Contributes to secondary thickening, enhancing stem girth and strength necessary for tall trees.

Structure of Dicot Stems

Vascular bundles are arranged in a circular pattern around the pith, located near the epidermis.

Structure of Dicot Roots

Vascular bundles are centrally located, with the xylem forming a rounded 'X' shape and phloem fitting into the indents.

Importance of Transport

Essential for leaves to receive water and minerals for respiration, and roots to obtain energy for their functions.

Movement Dynamics

In xylem: movement is strictly from roots to leaves.
In phloem: movement occurs from the source (where food is produced) to leaves.

Functionality

Xylem primarily transports water and mineral salts, playing a crucial role in plant hydration and nutrient distribution.
Phloem is vital for distributing essential nutrients and energy produced during photosynthesis.

Description

Test your knowledge on the structure and function of xylem and phloem tissues in plants. This quiz covers key definitions and concepts, including the role of vascular cambium. Perfect for biology students looking to reinforce their understanding of plant anatomy.