Haloalkanes And Haloarenes
24 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What characterizes a retention of configuration during a reaction?

  • The reaction produces a 50:50 mixture of isomers.
  • The product has the same configuration as the reactant. (correct)
  • The product is optically inactive.
  • The configuration has inverted in the product.

What outcome is referred to as racemisation?

  • The product formed has an inverted configuration.
  • Formation of two different products from one reactant.
  • The product is optically active with a plus sign.
  • A mixture of equal amounts of two enantiomers is produced. (correct)

Which mechanism results in the inverted configuration of the product?

  • SN1 mechanism
  • SN2 mechanism (correct)
  • Radical substitution
  • Nucleophilic addition

What happens during SN1 reactions of optically active alkyl halides?

<p>The product formed displays racemisation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about optical rotation is true?

<p>The sign of optical rotation can change in the reaction product despite the same configuration. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of optical activity, what does it mean if a compound is described as levorotatory?

<p>It rotates plane-polarized light to the left. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What typically occurs during the replacement of a leaving group at an asymmetric carbon atom?

<p>Retention, inversion, or racemisation can result. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly predicts the order of reactivity for the given isomeric bromobutanes in SN1 reactions?

<p>CH3CH2CH2CH2Br &lt; (CH3)2CHCH2Br &lt; CH3CH2CH(Br)CH3 &lt; (CH3)3CBr (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When (–)-2-bromooctane reacts with sodium hydroxide, what type of product is formed?

<p>An optically active product with inverted configuration. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for the higher reactivity of (CH3)2CHCH2Br compared to CH3CH2CH2CH2Br in SN1 reactions?

<p>The inductive effect of the isopropyl group increases stability. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For the following compounds, which one is the least reactive in SN2 reactions?

<p>C6H5C(CH3)(C6H5)Br (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which compound is expected to react faster in SN1 reactions based on resonance stabilization?

<p>C6H5CH(C6H5)Br (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does CH3CH2CH(Br)CH3 have lower reactivity in SN2 reactions compared to CH3CH2CH2CH2Br?

<p>It has higher steric hindrance. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor affecting the reactivity of the given compounds in electrophilic substitution reactions?

<p>Electronic effects due to resonance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which option describes the relationship between steric hindrance and reactivity in SN2 reactions?

<p>Less steric hindrance allows for better approach to the electrophilic carbon. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of nucleophilic substitution reactions, what does racemization refer to?

<p>Conversion of one enantiomer to another. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of the inversion of configuration at the carbon atom during a reaction?

<p>The configuration of the carbon atom flips like an umbrella in the wind. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes the transition state of the SN2 reaction?

<p>The carbon atom is simultaneously bonded to the nucleophile and the leaving group. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the presence of bulky substituents affect the reactivity of alkyl halides in SN2 reactions?

<p>It decreases the reactivity due to steric hindrance. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what order do alkyl halides react in SN2 reactions, based on steric hindrance?

<p>Primary halide &gt; Secondary halide &gt; Tertiary halide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of SN1 reactions regarding the type of solvent used?

<p>Polar protic solvents enhance the stability of the intermediate. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the term 'configuration' in organic chemistry?

<p>The spacial arrangement of functional groups around a carbon atom. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of alkyl halide is expected to be the least reactive in SN2 reactions?

<p>Tertiary halides (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about resonance structures is true in the context provided?

<p>Resonance structures represent different configurations of the same molecule. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Retention of Configuration

The process where a reaction at an asymmetric carbon atom results in the product having the same configuration as the original reactant.

Inversion of Configuration

The process where a reaction at an asymmetric carbon atom results in the product having the opposite configuration of the reactant.

Racemisation

The process resulting in a 50:50 mixture of two enantiomers (A and B) with opposite configurations. The product is optically inactive.

SN2 Mechanism (Optically Active Halides)

A reaction mechanism where the nucleophile attacks the carbon atom opposite to the leaving group, resulting in inversion of configuration.

Signup and view all the flashcards

SN1 Mechanism (Optically Active Halides)

A reaction mechanism where the product formed exhibits racemisation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Optical Rotation

A measure of how much a substance rotates the plane of polarized light; it can be positive (+) or negative (-).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Enantiomers

Molecules that are mirror images of each other and are non-superimposable.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Asymmetric Carbon Atom

A carbon atom bonded to four different groups.

Signup and view all the flashcards

SN1 Reactivity Order (Bromobutanes)

The order of reactivity of isomeric bromobutanes in SN1 reactions, from least to most reactive is: CH3CH2CH2CH2Br < (CH3)2CHCH2Br < CH3CH2CH(Br)CH3 < (CH3)3CBr.

Signup and view all the flashcards

SN2 Reactivity Order (Bromobutanes)

The order of reactivity of isomeric bromobutanes in SN2 reactions, from most to least reactive is: CH3CH2CH2CH2Br > (CH3)2CHCH2Br > CH3CH2CH(Br)CH3 > (CH3)3CBr

Signup and view all the flashcards

SN1 Reactivity Order (Bromobenzene Derivatives)

The order of reactivity of bromobenzene derivatives in SN1 reactions, from most to least reactive is C6H5C(CH3)(C6H5)Br > C6H5CH(C6H5)Br > C6H5CH(CH3)Br > C6H5CH2Br

Signup and view all the flashcards

SN2 Reactivity Order (Bromobenzene Derivatives)

The order of reactivity of bromobenzene derivatives in SN2 reactions, from least to most reactive is C6H5C(CH3)(C6H5)Br < C6H5CH(C6H5)Br < C6H5CH(CH3)Br < C6H5CH2Br

Signup and view all the flashcards

Carbocation Stability

Tertiary carbocations are more stable than secondary carbocations, which are more stable than primary carbocations.

Signup and view all the flashcards

SN1 Reaction

A nucleophilic substitution reaction that proceeds in two steps. A unimolecular reaction that first forms a stable carbocation intermediate.

Signup and view all the flashcards

SN2 Reaction

A bimolecular reaction where the nucleophile attacks the electrophilic carbon simultaneously with the departure of the leaving group, no measurable intermediate.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Steric Hindrance

The effect of the presence of bulky groups on the electrophilic carbon atom, which impedes the nucleophile's approach.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Configuration Inversion

When a carbon atom under attack changes its spatial arrangement of attached groups, like an umbrella turning inside out in a strong wind.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Transition State

An unstable, fleeting intermediate where the carbon atom is temporarily bonded to five atoms during a reaction.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Reactivity Order (SN2)

Primary halides react faster than secondary halides, which react faster than tertiary halides in SN2 reactions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Polar Protic Solvents

Solvents with a positive and negative end that can stabilize charged intermediates in SN1 reactions (e.g., water, alcohols).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Hughes-Ingold Reaction Mechanism

A detailed explanation of SN2 reactions, highlighting the role of steric effects and the inversion of configuration.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

No specific text provided. Please provide the text or questions for me to create study notes.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Haloalkanes and Haloarenes PDF

More Like This

Haloalkanes and Haloarenes Quiz
6 questions

Haloalkanes and Haloarenes Quiz

FancyKangaroo avatar
FancyKangaroo
Haloalkanes
5 questions

Haloalkanes

PositiveStarlitSky avatar
PositiveStarlitSky
Haloalkanes and Haloarenes Quiz
6 questions

Haloalkanes and Haloarenes Quiz

InvulnerableHarmony avatar
InvulnerableHarmony
Haloalkanes and Haloarenes Chemical Reactions Quiz
10 questions

Haloalkanes and Haloarenes: Chemical Reactions Quiz and Flashcards

JudiciousStanza avatar
JudiciousStanza
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser